Awiri bass balalaika: ndichiyani, zikuchokera, mbiri ya chilengedwe

Balalaika ndi chida cha anthu chomwe chakhala chikugwirizana ndi Russia kwa nthawi yayitali. Mbiri yabweretsa kusintha kwina, lero ikuimiridwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pali mitundu isanu yonse, yosangalatsa kwambiri ndi bass balalaika iwiri.

Kufotokozera za chida

Bass bass balalaika ndi chida chosulidwa chokhala ndi zingwe zitatu. Zingwe - chitsulo, nayiloni, pulasitiki. Kunja, imasiyana ndi balalaika wamba ndi kukula kwake kochititsa chidwi: imafika kutalika kwa mamita 1,5-1,7. Khosi lili ndi ma frets khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri (kawirikawiri khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi).

Uwu siwokopa waukulu kwambiri pakati pa mitundu ina ya balalaikas, uli ndi mawu amphamvu kwambiri, mawu otsika, ndipo umasewera gawo la bass. Chofunikira kwambiri pagulu la oimba, gulu la zida za anthu aku Russia.

Kukhazikika kwa balalaika-double bass kumaperekedwa ndi spire yapadera yomwe ili pansi pa thupi.

Miyeso ndi kulemera kwake

Miyezo yonse ya balalaika-double bass ndi pafupifupi motere:

• kutalika: 1600-1700 cm;
• m'lifupi m'munsi: 1060-1250 cm;
• kukula kwa gawo logwira ntchito la chingwe: 1100-1180 cm;
• kutalika kwa thupi: 790-820 cm.

Kukula kwa zida zamakonsati nthawi zambiri kumasiyana ndi muyezo: oimba akatswiri amawapanga kuti agwirizane ndi kutalika kwawo ndi mawonekedwe awo.

Kulemera kwa balalaika-double bass kusinthasintha, kufika pa 10-30 kg (zopangira, miyeso, ndi zina zimagwira ntchito).

Balalaika - double bass yomanga

Mapangidwe a chidacho ndi osavuta, zigawo zotsatirazi zimasiyanitsidwa:

• thupi, kuphatikizapo soundboard (kutsogolo, mbali yowongoka), kumbuyo mbali (yozungulira kwambiri, yopangidwa ndi magawo 5-6 olumikizana);
• khosi womangidwa kwa thupi;
• zingwe (zitsulo, pulasitiki, nayiloni, ena);
• kuyimirira (metal spire), yomwe imakulolani kuti musinthe kutalika kwa zingwe, kupanga zowonjezera zowonjezera, kupangitsa kuti phokoso likhale lowala kwambiri, lalitali, lowoneka bwino;
• frets (zingwe zitsulo zodzaza thupi);
• dzenje la resonator lomwe lili pakati, lomwe limathandizira kuchotsa mawu.

Gawo lofunikira ndi mkhalapakati - tsatanetsatane wosiyana, kusowa kwake komwe sikudzakulolani kuti muyambe kuimba nyimbo. Akatswiri ochita masewera amapeza zosankha zingapo zomwe zimasiyana kukula, kapangidwe kake, ngodya yakuthwa.

Cholinga cha mkhalapakati ndikutulutsa mawu. Zala ndi zofooka kwambiri kuti zithe kudziwa zingwe zamphamvu, zolemera za chidacho. Kusankhidwa kolemera kwa amkhalapakati kumatsimikizira kuthekera kotulutsa mawu amitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuya, nthawi, mphamvu. Izi ndi zikopa, kaboni fiber, polyethylene, caprolact, fupa. Zazikulu - zazing'ono, zazikulu, zapakati.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Amene, pamene anatulukira balalaika, sadziwika motsimikiza. Chidacho chimatchedwa anthu aku Russia, mizu ya chilengedwe idatayika kalekale. Poyamba, chidacho chinafalikira m’midzi ndi m’midzi. Iye ankangokonda anthu kuphunzira mbiriyakale, kukokera ku mizu, kuyesera kuyandikira kwa anthu.

Chidwi chotsatira pazokonda za anthu chidasesa m'zaka za zana la XNUMX. Dvoryanin VV Andreev, yemwe anali ndi chilakolako cha balalaikas ndipo adadziwa bwino Sewero la virtuoso, adaganiza zosintha chida chake chomwe amachikonda kwambiri kuti asiye kukhala chinthu cha oimba amateur, kukhala katswiri, ndi kutenga udindo woyenera mu oimba. Andreev anayesa miyeso, zinthu kupanga. Kusintha magawo awiriwa kunasintha phokoso lopangidwa ndi balalaikas atsopano.

Kenako, Andreev analenga gulu la oimba kuimba balalaika mikwingwirima onse. Zisudzo za gulu la balalaika zinali zopambana kwambiri, zoimbaimba zinachitikira ngakhale kunja, kuchititsa chisangalalo chenicheni cha alendo.

Mlandu wa Andreev unapitilizidwa ndi mlengi wamkulu wa khothi Franz Paserbsky. Mwamunayo anafika pozindikira mapangidwe a banja lonse la balalaikas, kuwongolera bwino, mawonekedwe a mawu, ndi mapangidwe ake. Mmisiriyo anafupikitsa khosi, kukonzanso dzenje lomveka, kulinganiza ma frets mwapadera. Posakhalitsa, mitundu isanu yodziwika lero (prima, yachiwiri, viola, bass, bass iwiri) inakhala maziko a okhestra a oimba a anthu. Paserbsky anali ndi chilolezo cha mzere wa balalaikas, omwe amapanga mafakitale a zida za anthu.

Tsopano balalaika-double bass ndi membala wokhazikika wa oimba a zida zoimbira za anthu, omwe amatha kuwonetsa mawu ambiri chifukwa cha kuthekera kwakukulu.

phokoso Features

Chidacho chimakhala ndi mawu omveka bwino. Bass bass balalaika ili ndi ma octave awiri ndi semitones atatu. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake, chimphonachi chimakhala ndi mphamvu zamphamvu, mawu otsika kwambiri pakati pa mitundu ina ya balalaika.

Phokosoli limachotsedwa ndi chosankha chachikulu chachikopa, chifukwa chake chimakhala chozama, chofewa, cholowera, chofanana ndi phokoso la gitala la bass, bass awiri, kukwapula. Nthawi zina phokoso la bass balalaika limayerekezedwa ndi phokoso lopangidwa ndi chiwalocho.

Nkhani

Mapangidwe a bass balalaika awiri ndi ofanana ndi a domra. Kutsatizana kwa mawu ndi:

• chingwe choyamba, kamvekedwe kapamwamba kwambiri - cholemba Re cha octave yayikulu;
• chingwe chachiwiri ndi cholemba La la counteroctave;
• chingwe chachitatu ndi Mi note ya counteroctave.

Dongosolo lachinayi limapangidwa ndi phokoso la zingwe zotseguka. Zolemba za balalaika-double bass zimalembedwa ndi octave pamwamba kuposa phokoso lenileni.

Kugwiritsa ntchito balalaika-double bass

Chidacho ndi chovuta kugwiritsa ntchito, si aliyense amene angathe kusewera balalaika-double bass - chifukwa cha izi ndi kulemera, zamphamvu, zingwe zakuda, zomwe sizili zophweka kuchotsa ngakhale plectrum yaikulu. Woimbayo adzafunika, kuwonjezera pa chidziwitso cha nyimbo, luso lodabwitsa la thupi. Muyenera kuchita ndi manja awiri: ndi imodzi, zingwe zimakanikizidwa mwamphamvu pa fretboard, ndipo kachiwiri zimamenyedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mkhalapakati.

Nthawi zambiri, balalaika wa kukula kochititsa chidwi amamveka m'magulu a anthu oimba, oimba. Izi zimathandiza woimbayo kupuma nthawi ndi nthawi, kupeza mphamvu. M'zaka zaposachedwa, chidwi cha zida za anthu aku Russia chawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo zomangamanga zazikuluzikulu zimapezeka mu duets, ma virtuosos adawonekera omwe ali okonzeka kugwira ntchito payekha.

Oimba omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi balalaika-double bass amasewera moyimirira kapena kukhala. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa chidacho, ndikosavuta kwambiri kutulutsa mawu muyimirira pafupi. Woimba payekha nthawi zonse amasewera atayima. Membala wa oimba, yemwe ali ndi balalaika-double bass, amatenga malo.

Chilakolako cha zida zamtundu wa anthu sichidzatha. Anthu nthawi zonse amabwerera ku mizu, amayesetsa kuphunzira miyambo, miyambo, chikhalidwe. Balalaika-double bass ndi nkhani yosangalatsa, yovuta, yoyenera kuphunzira, kusilira, kunyada.