Enrique Granados |

Enrique Granados

Chitsitsimutso cha nyimbo za dziko la Spain chikugwirizana ndi ntchito ya E. Granados. Kutenga nawo mbali m'gulu la Renacimiento, lomwe linasesa dziko lonse kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX ndi XNUMX, zidapatsa woyimbayo chilimbikitso chopanga nyimbo zachikale zanjira yatsopano. Ziwerengero za Renacimiento, makamaka oimba I. Albeniz, M. de Falla, X. Turina, adafuna kutulutsa chikhalidwe cha Chisipanishi kuti chisasunthike, kutsitsimutsa chiyambi chake, ndikukweza nyimbo za dziko ku mlingo wa masukulu apamwamba a ku Ulaya olemba nyimbo. Granados, komanso olemba ena achisipanishi, adakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi F. Pedrel, wotsogolera komanso mtsogoleri wa malingaliro a Renacimiento, yemwe mwachidziwitso adatsimikizira njira zopangira nyimbo zachi Spanish zachikale mu manifesto "Kwa Nyimbo Zathu".

Granados adalandira maphunziro ake oyamba a nyimbo kuchokera kwa bwenzi la abambo ake. Posakhalitsa banja linasamukira ku Barcelona, ​​​​kumene Granados anakhala wophunzira wa mphunzitsi wotchuka X. Pujol (piyano). Panthawi imodzimodziyo, akuphunzira kupanga ndi Pedrel. Chifukwa cha thandizo la wothandizira, mnyamata waluso amapita ku Paris. Kumeneko adachita bwino kumalo osungiramo zinthu zakale ndi C. Berio mu piyano ndi J. Massenet mu nyimbo (1887). M’kalasi la Berio, Granados anakumana ndi R. Viñes, yemwe pambuyo pake anali woimba piyano wotchuka wa ku Spain.

Atakhala zaka ziwiri ku Paris, Granados akubwerera kwawo. Iye ali wodzaza ndi mapulani olenga. Mu 1892, nyimbo zake za Chisipanishi za oimba a symphony zidachitika. Anaimba bwino ngati woyimba piyano mu konsati yoyendetsedwa ndi I. Albeniz, yemwe adatsogolera nyimbo yake ya "Spanish Rhapsody" ya piyano ndi orchestra. Ndi P. Casals, Granados amapereka makonsati m'mizinda ya Spain. Woimba piyano wa ku Spain analemba kuti: “Granados woimba piyano anaphatikiza m’kuimba kwake kamvekedwe kofewa ndi kolongosoka kokhala ndi luso lanzeru: kuwonjezera apo, anali wojambula bwino komanso waluso wojambula nyimbo,” analemba motero woimba limba wa ku Spain, woimba piyano ndi katswiri wa nyimbo H. Nin.

Granados imaphatikiza bwino zochitika zopanga ndi zochita ndi zachikhalidwe komanso zophunzitsira. Mu 1900 adakonza Society of Classical Concerts ku Barcelona, ​​​​ndipo mu 1901 Academy of Music, yomwe adatsogolera mpaka imfa yake. Granados amafuna kukulitsa ufulu wodziyimira pawokha mwa ophunzira ake - oimba piyano achichepere. Amapereka maphunziro ake kwa izi. Kupanga njira zatsopano za luso la piyano, akulemba buku lapadera "Pedalization Method".

Gawo lofunika kwambiri la cholowa cha Granados ndi nyimbo za piyano. Kale mu sewero loyamba la masewero "Spanish Dances" (1892-1900), iye organically kuphatikiza zinthu dziko ndi luso kulemba. Wolembayo adayamikira kwambiri ntchito ya wojambula wamkulu wa ku Spain F. Goya. Atachita chidwi ndi zojambula zake ndi zojambula kuchokera ku moyo wa "Macho" ndi "Mach", wolembayo adapanga masewero awiri otchedwa "Goyesques".

Kutengera kuzungulira uku, Granados amalemba opera ya dzina lomweli. Inakhala ntchito yaikulu yomaliza ya wolemba nyimboyo. Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse inachedwetsa kuyamba kwake ku Paris, ndipo woimbayo adaganiza zoyipanga ku New York. Chiwonetsero choyamba chinachitika mu January 1916. Ndipo pa March 24, sitima yapamadzi ya ku Germany inamiza sitima yapamadzi yonyamula anthu mu English Channel, pamene Granados anali kubwerera kwawo.

Imfa yomvetsa chisoniyi sinalole woimbayo kumaliza mapulani ake ambiri. Masamba abwino kwambiri a cholowa chake chopanga amakopa omvera ndi kukongola kwawo komanso kutentha kwawo. K. Debussy analemba kuti: “Sindingalakwitse ngati ndinganene zimenezo, pomvetsera Granados, zimakhala ngati mukuona nkhope yodziwika ndi yokondedwa kwa nthaŵi yaitali.”

V. Ilyeva