Egon Wellesz |

Egon Welles

Katswiri wanyimbo wa ku Austria ndi wolemba nyimbo. Dokotala wa Philosophy (1908). Anaphunzira ku Vienna ndi G. Adler (musicology) ndi K. Fryuling (piyano, mgwirizano) ku yunivesite, komanso ndi A. Schoenberg (zotsutsana, zolemba).

Mu 1911-15 adaphunzitsa mbiri ya nyimbo ku New Conservatory, kuyambira 1913 - ku yunivesite ya Vienna (pulofesa kuyambira 1929).

Pambuyo pa kugwidwa kwa Austria ndi Nazi Germany, kuyambira 1938 anakhala ku England. Anachita ntchito yophunzitsa ndi sayansi ku Royal College of Music ku London, ku Cambridge, Oxford (anatsogolera kafukufuku wa nyimbo za Byzantine), mayunivesite a Edinburgh, komanso ku yunivesite ya Princeton (USA).

Welles ndi mmodzi mwa ofufuza akuluakulu a nyimbo za Byzantine; woyambitsa Institute of Byzantine Music pa Vienna National Library (1932), nawo ntchito ya Byzantine Research Institute ku Dumbarton Oaks (USA).

Mmodzi mwa oyambitsa kope lalikulu "Monumenta musicae Byzantinae" ("Monumenta musicae Byzantinae"), mabuku ambiri amene anakonza paokha. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo ndi G. Tilyard, iye anamasulira zolemba za Byzantine za otchedwa. "Nyengo yapakatikati" ndikuwulula zoyambira za kuyimba kwa Byzantine, potero kufotokozera gawo latsopano mu nyimbo za Byzantology.

Wopereka monga wolemba ndi mkonzi ku The New Oxford History of Music; analemba buku lofotokoza za A. Schoenberg, nkhani zofalitsa ndi timabuku zokhudza sukulu yatsopano ya Viennese.

Monga wolemba nyimbo, adakula mothandizidwa ndi G. Mahler ndi Schoenberg. Analemba machitidwe ndi ma ballet, makamaka pa ziwembu za zoopsa zakale zachi Greek, zomwe zidachitika m'ma 1920. m'mabwalo a zisudzo m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ya Germany; pakati pawo pali “Mfumukazi Girnar” (1921), “Alcestis” (1924), “Nsembe ya Mkaidi” (“Opferung der Gefangenen”, 1926), “Nthabwala, Machenjera ndi Kubwezera” (“Scherz, List und Rache” , yolembedwa ndi JW Goethe, 1928) ndi ena; ballet - "Chozizwitsa cha Diana" ("Das Wunder der Diana", 1924), "Persian Ballet" (1924), "Achilles on Skyros" (1927), etc.

Welles - wolemba 5 ma symphonies (1945-58) ndi ndakatulo za symphonic - "Pre-Spring" ("Vorfrühling", 1912), "Solemn March" (1929), "Spells of Prospero" ("Prosperos Beschwörungen", yochokera ku "The Tempest" ndi Shakespeare, 1938), cantata ndi orchestra, kuphatikizapo "Middle of Life" ("Mitte des Lebens", 1932); kwa kwaya ndi okhestra - kuzungulira kwa mawu a Rilke "Pemphero la Atsikana kwa Amayi a Mulungu" ("Gebet der Mudchen zur Maria", 1909), concerto kwa piyano ndi orchestra (1935), 8 zingwe quartets ndi zida zina zapanyumba, kwaya, misa, nyimbo, nyimbo.

Zolemba: Chiyambi cha Nyimbo za Baroque ndi Chiyambi cha Opera ku Vienna, W., 1922; Byzantine Church Music, Breslau, 1927; Zigawo za Kum'maŵa mu nyimbo za Kumadzulo, Boston, 1947, Cph., 1967; Mbiri ya nyimbo za Byzantine ndi hymnography, Oxf., 1949, 1961; The Music of the Byzantine Church, Cologne, 1959; Chida Chatsopano, Vols. 1-2, В., 1928-29; Zolemba pa Opera, L., 1950; Chiyambi cha machitidwe khumi ndi awiri a Schönberg, Wash., 1958; The Hymns of the Eastern Church, Basel, 1962.

Zothandizira: Schollum R., Egon Wellesz, W., 1964.

Yu.V. Keldysh