Mitundu inayi ya ma triad ndi ma inversions awo

Nyimbo zautatu ndi kayimbidwe kopangidwa ndi mawu atatu, omwe amasanjidwa m'magulu atatu. Kuti mupeze katatu, muyenera kulumikiza magawo awiri mwa atatu okha, koma popeza kuti gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu lingakhale lalikulu kapena laling'ono, kuphatikiza kwa magawo atatuwa kungakhale kosiyana, ndipo, malingana ndi momwe akupangidwira, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya katatu. akhoza kusiyanitsidwa.

Pazonse, mitundu inayi ya katatu imagwiritsidwa ntchito: zazikulu (kapena zazikulu), zazing'ono (kapena zazing'ono), zowonjezera ndi zochepa. Utatu wonse umatanthauzidwa ndi manambala awiri - 5 ndi 3, omwe amasonyeza chiyambi cha mapangidwe a chord (atatu amapangidwa powonjezera magawo achisanu ndi atatu kumunsi).

Utatu waukulu

Utatu waukulu wakhazikika pa gawo lalikulu lachitatu, pomwe mwana wamng'ono amamangidwa pamwamba. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe apakati a atatuwa ndi gawo lalikulu lachitatu + lachitatu laling'ono. Kutchula utatu waukulu (kapena waukulu), chilembo chachikulu B chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, dzina lonse ndi B53.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati tikufuna kupanga utatu waukulu kuchokera ku "do", ndiye choyamba tiyika pambali gawo lalikulu lachitatu "do-mi" kuchokera palembali, ndikuwonjezera kakang'ono kuchokera ku "mi" - "mi-sol" pa. pamwamba. Utatuwo unachokera ku mawu akuti DO, MI ndi SALT.

Kapena, ngati timanga katatu kuchokera ku "re", choyamba timalemba gawo lalikulu lachitatu "re f-sharp", ndiye timagwirizanitsa laling'ono ku "f-sharp" - "f-sharp la". Chifukwa chake, utatu waukulu kuchokera ku "re" ndi mawu RE, F-SHARP ndi LA.

ZOCHITA: pangani pakamwa kapena polemba, kapena sewera pa chida chanu katatu kuchokera pamawu ena omwe amatha kuyimba pa makiyi oyera a piyano, ndiye kuti, kuchokera ku MI, FA, SOL, LA, SI.

Ma triad akuluakulu amapezeka kwambiri m'nyimbo - m'nyimbo zanyimbo kapena zida zoimbira, komanso kutsagana ndi piyano kapena gitala, kapenanso zoimbaimba.

Chitsanzo chowoneka bwino cha kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa utatu waukulu m’nyimbo za nyimbo zodziwika kwa aliyense "Nyimbo ya Captain" ndi Isaac Dunayevsky kuchokera ku filimu "Ana a Captain Grant". Kumbukirani kwaya yotchuka ndi mawu akuti: "Captain, captain, kumwetulira ..."? Kotero, pamtima pa nyimbo yake ndi kusuntha kwa mawu a utatu waukulu:

Katatu kakang'ono

Pamtima pa katatu kakang'ono kamakhala, motsatira, chaching'ono chachitatu, ndipo chachikulu chamangidwa kale pamwamba pake. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe ake apakati adzakhala motere: chaching'ono chachitatu + chachikulu chachitatu. Kuti atchule atatuwa, liwu lalikulu M amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo monga nthawi zonse, manambala 5 ndi 3 - M53.

Ngati mumanga katatu kakang'ono kuchokera ku "mpaka", choyamba khalani pambali "ku E-flat" - yaing'ono yachitatu, kenaka yikani yaikulu ku "E-flat" - "E-flat G". Zotsatira zake, timapeza nyimbo kuchokera ku mawu akuti DO, MI-FLAT ndi SOL.

Chitsanzo china - tiyeni timange katatu kakang'ono kuchokera ku "re". Wachitatu wamng'ono kuchokera ku "re" ndi "re-fa", kuphatikizapo wachitatu wamkulu kuchokera ku "fa" ndi "fa-la". Phokoso lonse la atatu omwe mukufuna, motero, ndi RE, FA ndi LA.

ZOCHITA: pangani titatu ting'onoting'ono kuchokera pamawu a MI, FA, SOL, LA ndi SI.

Ma triad ang'onoang'ono amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri mu nyimbo zosiyanasiyana, nthawi zina nyimbo zimayamba ndi mawu ake. Kotero, mwachitsanzo, nyimbo ya nyimbo yotchuka kwambiri ya nthawi yake, nyimbo "Moscow Nights" ndi wolemba Vasily Solovyov-Sedoy. Pachiyambi, pa mawu akuti "Sindinamve m'munda ...", nyimboyi imangodutsa phokoso la katatu kakang'ono:

Augmented triad

Utatu wowonjezera umapezeka pamene magawo awiri mwa atatu adalumikizidwa. Kuti mujambule katatu, mawu ofupikitsa "Uv" amagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomwe manambala 5 ndi 3 amawonjezedwa, kusonyeza kuti chord ndi triad - Uv53.

Taganizirani zitsanzo. Kuchokera pamawu oti "chitani", kuwonjezereka kwa katatu kumayendera zolemba DO, MI ndi SOL-SHARP. Onse atatu - "to mi" ndi "mi sol-sharp", monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira, ndi zazikulu.

Kuchokera pamawu ena onse, inu, omwe muli ndi chidziwitso, mutha kupanga nokha mautatu otere, zomwe tikukulimbikitsani kuti muchite nthawi yomweyo. Kuti mudziwe nokha, tidzabisa mayankho mu spoiler.

Augmented triad, monga zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachilengedwe mu nyimbo nthawi zambiri. Koma chifukwa chakuti zikumveka zosakhazikika, ntchito zoimba, monga lamulo, musayambe nazo. Utatu wowonjezera ukhoza kupezeka makamaka pakati pa nyimbo kapena chida.

Utatu wochepetsedwa

Utatu wochepa ndi wosiyana ndendende ndi nyimbo yowonjezereka. Amakhala ndi magawo awiri ang'onoang'ono pa atatu aliwonse. Mfundo yodziwika ndi yofanana: mawu ofupikitsa "Um" ndi manambala a triad (5 ndi 3) - Um53.

Ngati tikumanga katatu kochepa kuchokera ku phokoso la "mpaka", ndiye kuti tifunika kumanga ndi kulumikiza magawo awiri ang'onoang'ono: choyamba ndi "ku E-flat", chachiwiri ndi "E-flat G-flat". Chifukwa chake, tili ndi zotsatirazi: DO, MI-FLAT ndi G-FLAT - awa ndi mawu omwe amapanga utatu womwe tikufuna.

Kuchepetsa katatu kuchokera pamasitepe akuluakulu otsala (RE, MI, FA, SOL, LA, SI) pangani nokha. Mutha kuwona mayankho odziyesa nokha mu spoiler pansipa.

Monga ngati triad yowonjezereka, yocheperako imamveka ngati yosakhazikika komanso yosakhazikika, choncho sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri kumayambiriro kwa chidutswa, nthawi zambiri nyimboyi imapezeka pakati kapena kumapeto kwa nyimbo kapena chidutswa cha chida china. .

Kodi mungaphunzire bwanji kusiyanitsa mitundu 4 ya utatu ndi khutu?

M'maphunziro a solfeggio m'masukulu oimba kapena m'makoleji, pali mtundu wa ntchito ngati kusanthula makutu, wophunzira akafunsidwa kuti aganizire chord kapena nthawi yomwe ikumveka pa piano kapena pa chida china. Momwe mungakumbukire phokoso la mitundu inayi ya triads, momwe mungaphunzirire kusiyanitsa ndi kusasokoneza wina ndi mzake?

Mwina munamvapo mwambi wakuti: “Chilichonse chimadziwika poyerekezera ndi chilichonse.” Lingaliro la nzeru za anthu limeneli likugwira ntchito pano panthaŵi yoyenera. Ndikofunikira kuyimba ndi kusewera mitundu yonse ya utatu, kuloweza mawu awo ndikuzindikira kufanana kwawo ndi kusiyana kwawo.

Tiyeni tiyese kusonyeza aliyense mwa atatuwa:

1. Utatu waukulu zimamveka kudzidalira, zowala, zowala.
2. Katatu kakang'ono imamvekanso yokhazikika, koma ndi mdima wandiweyani, ndi mdima wandiweyani.
3. Augmented triad imamveka yosakhazikika komanso yowala, ngati siren, yokopa chidwi.
4. Utatu wochepetsedwa imamvekanso yosakhazikika, koma, titero, yoponderezedwa, yazimiririka.

Mvetserani ku mitundu iyi ya katatu, yomangidwa kuchokera ku liwu la RE, kangapo ndikuyesera kukumbukira mawonekedwe a aliyense wa iwo.

Kusintha kwa katatu: chord chachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi quartersextachord

Kugwirizana kulikonse, kuphatikiza katatu, kumatha kusinthidwa - ndiko kuti, pokonzanso zomveka kuti mupeze mitundu yatsopano ya nyimbo. Matembenuzidwe onse amachitidwa molingana ndi mfundo yofanana: phokoso lapansi la chord choyambirira limasamutsidwa ndi octave pamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale phokoso losiyana.

Utatu wonse uli ndi matembenuzidwe awiri: yoyamba imatchedwa chord chachisanu ndi chimodzi, ndipo yachiwiri imatchedwa chord chachinayi ndi chachisanu ndi chimodzi. Zigawo zachisanu ndi chimodzi zimasonyezedwa ndi nambala 6, ma quarter-sextchords amasonyezedwa ndi nambala ziwiri: 6 ndi 4.

Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni tichite kusintha kwa triad yayikulu "do-mi-sol". Timasamutsa mawu otsika "ku" octave apamwamba, timangolembanso mawu ena onse, kuwasiya m'malo awo. Tili ndi nyimbo yachisanu ndi chimodzi "mi-sol-do".

Tsopano tiyimba foni yotsatirayi, tigwira ntchito ndi chord chachisanu ndi chimodzi chomwe talandira. Timasuntha mawu otsika "mi" mpaka pakatikati pa octave yoyera, timangolembanso mawu ena onse. Chifukwa chake, timapeza kotala-sextakcord kuchokera pamawu a "sol-do-mi". Uyu anali wachiwiri ndi wotsiriza.

Ngati tiyesa kuchitanso apilo wina, ndiye kuti tibwereranso ku zomwe tidayambirako. Ndiye kuti, ngati musuntha bass "G" kukhala octave pamwamba pa "sol-do-mi" quarter-sextakcord, mumapeza "do-mi-sol" wamba. Chifukwa chake, tili otsimikiza kuti triad ili ndi matembenuzidwe awiri okha.

Momwe mungadziwire nyimbo zanthawi yachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi ma quartersextachords?

Popeza triad ili ndi mitundu inayi yokha, zikutanthauza kuti padzakhalanso zida zachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi zida zachinayi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi aliyense - zazikulu, zazing'ono, zowonjezereka ndi zochepa. Kuti tidziwe nyimbo zamitundu yatsopano, tiyeni tipange.

Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni titenge maulendo atatu kuchokera ku phokoso la MI ndipo nthawi yomweyo tichite zosinthika zawo zoyambirira ndi zachiwiri kuti tipeze nyimbo zachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi ma quarter-sextchords. Kenako tidzasanthula zotsatizanazo ndikuwona zomwe zimapangidwira.

Chord chachikulu chachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi kotala lachisanu ndi chimodzi chord

Utatu waukulu kuchokera ku MI, awa ndi mawu a MI, SOL-SHARP ndi SI. Choncho, chord chachikulu chachisanu ndi chimodzi (B.6) chidzapangidwa ndi phokoso la G-SHARP, SI ndi MI - mwadongosolo. Ndipo kotala-sextakcord yaikulu (B.64) idzapangidwa ndi zolemba SI, MI ndi SOL-SHARP.

Payokha, utatu waukulu uli ndi magawo awiri pa atatu - zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, tikudziwa kale izi.

Chigawo chachikulu chachisanu ndi chimodzi chimapangidwa ndi chaching'ono chachitatu (mu chitsanzo chathu, ndi "sol-Sharp si") ndi chachinayi ("si-mi" kusuntha).

Chotsatira chachikulu cha kotala-sext chord chimayamba ndi chachinayi changwiro (maphokoso a "si-mi" pansi pa chord), pomwe gawo lalikulu lachitatu limawonjezeredwa (mu chitsanzo - "mi sol-sharp").

Choncho, talandira lamulo ili: B.6 = wamng'ono wachitatu + woyera wachinayi; B.64 uXNUMXd koyera wachinayi + wamkulu wachitatu.

Chovala chaching'ono chachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi

Katatu kakang'ono kuchokera ku MI amamangidwa molingana ndi phokoso la MI, SOL, SI (popanda ngozi zosafunikira). Izi zikutanthauza kuti chord yaying'ono yachisanu ndi chimodzi (M.6) ndi zolemba za SOL, SI, MI, ndi zazing'ono za quarter-sextakcord (M.64) ndi SI, MI, SOL.

Katatu kakang'ono kamene kamapangidwa ndi magawo awiri pa atatu - "E-sol" yaing'ono ndi "sol-si" yaikulu.

Chingwe chaching'ono chachisanu ndi chimodzi chimakhala ndi gawo lalikulu lachitatu (maphokoso a sol-si) ndi chachinayi (maphokoso a si-mi), pomwe kachigawo kakang'ono ka kotala-sext, m'malo mwake, imayamba ndi chachinayi (mwachitsanzo, "si- mi"), pomwe gawo laling'ono lachitatu (mwachitsanzo, awa ndi mawu akuti "mi-sol").

Motero, tapeza kuti: M.6 = yaikulu yachitatu + yoyera yachinayi; M.64 uXNUMXd koyera wachinayi + wachitatu kakang'ono.

Chowonjezera chachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi quartersextachord

Utatu wowonjezera kuchokera ku MI ndi chord MI, G-SHARP, C-SHARP. Choyimba chachisanu ndi chimodzi cha triad iyi ndi G-SHARP, B-SHARP, MI, ndipo nyimbo ya kotala-sext ndi B-SHARP, MI, G-SHARP. Chochititsa chidwi pamagulu atatu onsewa ndikuti onse amamveka ngati katatu kowonjezera (kungomangidwa kuchokera kumawu osiyanasiyana).

Augmented triad, monga tikudziwira kale, imakhala ndi magawo awiri mwa atatu (mwachitsanzo, awa ndi "E G-sharp" ndi "G-Sharp C-Sharp").

Chigawo chachisanu ndi chimodzi cha triad yowonjezera ndi gawo lalikulu lachitatu (mwachitsanzo - "G-lakuthwa C-lakuthwa"), komwe kuchepetsedwa kwachinayi kumawonjezeredwa (mu chitsanzo - "B-sharp E").

The quadrant-sextakcord ya triad yomweyo ndi quart yocheperako (mi sol-sharp) ndi gawo lalikulu lachitatu (kuchokera ku sol-sharp kupita ku c-sharp).

Mapeto ake ndi awa: SW.6 = chachikulu chachitatu + chachepetsedwa chachinayi; Uv.64 uXNUMXd yachepetsa gawo lachinayi + lalikulu lachitatu.

Anachepetsa chord chachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi kotala-sext chord

Utatu wochepetsedwa kuchokera ku phokoso la MI ndi consonance kuchokera ku zolemba MI, SOL, SI-FLAT. Choyimba chachisanu ndi chimodzi cha atatuwa ndi G, B-flat ndi MI, ndipo nyimbo yake ya kotala-sext ndi B-flat, MI, G.

Utatu womwe ukuganiziridwa ndi wofanana, umakhala ndi magawo awiri pa atatu aliwonse (kwa ife, awa ndi mawu akuti "mi sol" ndi "sol si-flat").

Chotsitsa chachisanu ndi chimodzi chochepetsedwa chimapezeka polumikiza gawo laling'ono lachitatu (tili ndi "G-flat") ndi quart yowonjezereka (mu chitsanzo, "B-flat").

Quartsextakcord yocheperako imayamba ndi quart yokulirapo (malinga ndi chitsanzo - "si-flat mi"), pomwe gawo laling'ono lachitatu ("mi sol") limalumikizana.

Kotero, zotsatira zake, zimakhala izi: Um.6 u64d wamng'ono wachitatu + kuwonjezeka kwachinayi; Um.XNUMX = chowonjezera chachinayi + chaching'ono chachitatu.

Table of interval songs of three-sound chords

Tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule zonse zomwe tili nazo zokhudzana ndi nyimbo za interval mutebulo. Mukhoza kukopera tebulo lomwelo kuti musindikize. PANO ndipo mugwiritseni ntchito ngati pepala lachinyengo mu maphunziro a solfeggio kapena mu homuweki mpaka mutakumbukira mwamphamvu.

kudziletsa	KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO- ZINTHU	QUARTZEXT- CHORDS
CHISONI	B.53 = b.3 + m.3	B.6 = m.3 + h.4	B.64 u4d gawo 3 + b.XNUMX
MINOR	M.53 = m.3 + b.3	M.6 = b.3 + p.4	M.64 = gawo 4 + m.3
KULIMBITSA	Uv.53 = b.3 + b.3	Uv.6 = b.3 + um.4	Uv.64 = um.4 + b.3
YAChepetsa	Malingaliro.53 = m.3 + m.3	Malingaliro.6 = m.3 + uv.4	Malingaliro.64 = uv.4 + m.3

Chifukwa chiyani muyenera kudziwa nthawi yomwe izi kapena nyimboyo imapangidwa? Izi ndizofunikira kuti mupange mosavuta consonance yomwe mukufuna kuchokera ku mawu aliwonse anyimbo.

Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni tipange nyimbo zonse zomwe takambirana lero kuchokera ku mawu a PE.

• Tamanga kale katatu kakang'ono kuchokera ku PE, sitidzayankhanso pa izo. Izi ndi zomveka RE, F-SHARP, LA. Choimba chachikulu chachisanu ndi chimodzi kuchokera ku RE - RE, FA, SI-FLAT ("re-fa" ndi gawo lachitatu laling'ono, ndipo "fa B-flat" ndi quart yoyera). Gawo lalikulu la kotala-sextakcord kuchokera ku cholemba chomwecho ndi RE, SOL, SI (pure quart "re-sol" ndi yaikulu yachitatu "sol-si").
• Katatu kakang'ono kuchokera ku RE - RE, FA, LA. Choyimba chaching'ono chachisanu ndi chimodzi kuchokera pacholembachi ndi RE, F-sharp, SI (chachikulu chachitatu "re F-sharp" + koyera chachinayi "F-sharp si"). Kotala yaying'ono-sextakcord kuchokera ku PE - PE, SOL, SI-FLAT (quart yoyera "D-Sol" + yachitatu "G-flat").
• Kuchulukitsa katatu kuchokera ku RE - RE, F-SHARP, A-SHARP. Kuchulukitsa kwachisanu ndi chimodzi kuchokera ku RE - RE, F-SHARP, SI-FLAT (choyamba chachikulu chachitatu "DF-charp", kenako "F-lakuthwa B-flat" yochepetsedwa). Kuwonjezeka kwa kotala-sextakcord kuchokera ku phokoso lomwelo - RE, G-flat, B-flat (kuchepetsedwa kwa quart pamunsi "D G-flat" ndi gawo lalikulu lachitatu pamwamba pake "G-flat B-flat").
• Kuchepetsa katatu kuchokera ku RE - RE, FA, A-FLAT. Chidutswa chachisanu ndi chimodzi chochepetsedwa kuchokera ku phokosoli ndi RE, FA, SI ("re-fa" ndi gawo lachitatu laling'ono, "fa-si" ndilowonjezereka lachinayi). Kuchepetsedwa kwa kotala lachisanu ndi chimodzi kuchokera ku PE - PE, G-SHARP, SI (kuwonjezeka kwachinayi pamunsi "D-sharp", ndi gawo lachitatu pamwamba pake "G-sharp SI").

Ma inversion onse atatu ali ndi mphamvu zawo zowonetsera ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu nyimbo m'ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Okondedwa, apa ndi pamene tiyimitsa phunziro lathu lalikulu. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza nkhaniyi, chonde lembani mu ndemanga za nkhaniyi. Ngati chinachake, zikuwoneka kwa inu, sichinafotokozedwe momveka bwino, khalani omasuka kufotokoza maganizo anu pankhaniyi. Tikugwira ntchito nthawi zonse kuti zinthu zathu ziziyenda bwino.

M’makope otsatirawa, tidzabwereranso ku phunziro la mautatu ochuluka koposa kamodzi. Posachedwapa mudzaphunzira za zomwe zitatu zazikuluzikulu zamtunduwu ndi, komanso ntchito zofunika zomwe amachita mu nyimbo.

Posiyana, tikuponyera nyimbo zabwino kwambiri. Nyimbo iyi, mwa njira, imayamba ndi nyimbo yaying'ono ya kotala-sext!

L. van Beethoven – Moonlight Sonata (Spanish: Valentina Lisitsa)