Mitundu ya rhythm mu nyimbo

Kuyimba mu nyimbo ndikusinthasintha kosalekeza kwa phokoso ndi kupuma kwa nthawi zosiyana kwambiri. Pali mitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ingapangidwe mumayendedwe otere. Ndipo kotero rhythm mu nyimbo ndi osiyana. Patsamba lino tingoona ena mwa ziwerengero zapadera za rhythmic.

1. Kusuntha mu nthawi yofanana

Kusuntha molingana, nthawi zofanana si zachilendo mu nyimbo. Ndipo nthawi zambiri izi ndi kayendedwe ka magawo asanu ndi atatu, khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi kapena atatu. Zindikirani kuti monotony yotereyi nthawi zambiri imapanga hypnotic effect - nyimbo zimakupangitsani kuti mukhale ndi maganizo kapena chikhalidwe choperekedwa ndi wolembayo.

Chitsanzo Na. 1 “Kumvetsera Beethoven.” Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi chomwe chimatsimikizira zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi "Moonlight Sonata" yotchuka ndi Beethoven. Onani gawo la nyimbo. Kusuntha kwake koyamba kumakhazikitsidwa kwathunthu pakuyenda kosalekeza kwa katatu katatu. Mvetserani kusunthaku. Nyimboyi ndi yosangalatsa ndipo, ndithudi, ikuwoneka ngati yonyenga. Mwina ndi chifukwa chake mamiliyoni a anthu padziko lapansi amamukonda kwambiri?

Chitsanzo china cha nyimbo za woimba yemweyo ndi Scherzo, gulu lachiwiri la chikondwerero cha Ninth Symphony, kumene, pambuyo pa mawu achidule amphamvu amphamvu, timamva "mvula" ya ngakhale kotala zolemba pa tempo yofulumira kwambiri komanso nthawi zitatu. .

Chitsanzo No. 2 "Bach Preludes". Osati mu nyimbo za Beethoven mokha muli njira yamayendedwe anyimbo. Zitsanzo zofanana zimaperekedwa, mwachitsanzo, mu nyimbo za Bach, m'mawu ake ambiri oyamba kuchokera ku Well-Tempered Clavier.

Monga fanizo, tiyeni tikuwonetseni Prelude in C yayikulu kuchokera mu voliyumu yoyamba ya CTC, pomwe kutukuka kwa rhythmic kumamangidwa pakusinthana kofulumira kwa zolemba khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Chitsanzo china ndi Prelude in D wamng'ono kuchokera mu voliyumu yoyamba ya CTC. Mitundu iwiri ya kayendedwe ka monohythmic imaphatikizidwa pano nthawi imodzi - zomveka zisanu ndi zitatu mu bass ndi khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi katatu molingana ndi phokoso la zolembera m'mawu apamwamba.

Chitsanzo No. 3 "Nyimbo zamakono". Nyimbo yokhala ndi nthawi yayitali imapezeka mwa oimba ambiri akale, koma olemba nyimbo "zamakono" awonetsa chikondi chapadera pamayendedwe amtunduwu. Tsopano tikutanthauza nyimbo zamakanema otchuka, nyimbo zingapo. M'nyimbo zawo, mutha kumva motere:

2. Nyimbo zamadontho

Kutembenuzidwa kuchokera ku German, mawu oti "point" amatanthauza "mfundo". Nyimbo ya madontho ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono. Monga mukudziwira, dontho limatanthawuza zizindikiro zomwe zimawonjezera nthawi ya zolemba. Ndiko kuti, dontholo limatalikitsa cholemba pafupi ndi pamene icho chaimirira, ndendende ndi theka. Nthawi zambiri cholemba cha madontho chimatsatiridwa ndi cholemba china chachifupi. Ndipo kuseri kwa kuphatikiza kwa noti yayitali yokhala ndi kadontho ndi kamphindi kakang'ono pambuyo pake, dzina loti madontho lidakhazikika.

Tiyeni tipange tanthauzo lathunthu la lingaliro lomwe tikuliganizira. Chifukwa chake, kamvekedwe ka madontho ndi chithunzi chowoneka bwino chanoti yayitali yokhala ndi dontho (panthawi yamphamvu) ndi cholembera chachifupi chotsatira (panthawi yofooka). Komanso, monga lamulo, chiŵerengero cha phokoso lalitali ndi lalifupi ndi 3 mpaka 1. Mwachitsanzo: theka ndi dontho ndi kotala, kotala ndi dontho ndi lachisanu ndi chitatu, lachisanu ndi chitatu ndi dontho ndi lakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi, ndi zina zotero.

Koma, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti mu nyimbo yachiwiri, ndiko kuti, cholemba chachifupi, nthawi zambiri chimakhala chosinthira ku nyimbo yayitali. Phokoso limakhala ngati "ta-Dam, ta-Dam", ngati likufotokozedwa m'mawu.

Chitsanzo Na. 4 "Bach kachiwiri." Nyimbo yokhala ndi madontho yokhala ndi nthawi yaying'ono - yachisanu ndi chitatu, chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi - nthawi zambiri imamveka yakuthwa, yamphamvu, imawonjezera kumveka kwa nyimbo. Mwachitsanzo, tikukupemphani kuti mumvetsere koyambirira kwa Bach's Prelude mu G Minor kuchokera mu voliyumu yachiwiri ya CTC, yomwe ili ndi mayendedwe akuthwa, omwe pali mitundu ingapo.

Chitsanzo No. 5 "Mzere wa madontho ofewa". Mizere yamadontho nthawi zonse imamveka yakuthwa. Zikatero pamene nyimbo ya madontho imapangidwa ndi nthawi yochulukirapo kapena yocheperapo, kuthwa kwake kumafewetsa ndipo phokoso limakhala lofewa. Mwachitsanzo, mu Waltz ku Tchaikovsky "Children's Album". Cholembacho chimagwera pa syncopation pambuyo pa kupuma, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kayendetsedwe kake kakhale kosavuta, kotambasula.

3. Lombard rhythm

Lombard rhythm ndi yofanana ndi kamvekedwe ka madontho, kokha mmbuyo, ndiye kuti, inverted. Mu chithunzi cha nyimbo ya Lombard, cholemba chachifupi chimayikidwa pa nthawi yamphamvu, ndipo cholembacho chili pa nthawi yofooka. Imamveka yakuthwa kwambiri ngati idapangidwa kwakanthawi kochepa (ndi mtundu wa syncopation). Komabe, kuthwa kwa rhythmic chithunzichi sichiri cholemetsa, osati chochititsa chidwi, osati choopseza, ngati mzere wa madontho. Kaŵirikaŵiri, m’malo mwake, imapezeka m’nyimbo zopepuka, zachisomo. Kumeneko, nyimbozi zimanyezimira ngati ntchentche.

Chitsanzo Na. 6 “Chiimbidwe cha Lombard mu Sonata ya Haydn.” Lombard rhythm imapezeka mu nyimbo za oimba azaka ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana. Ndipo mwachitsanzo, tikukupatsirani chidutswa cha piano ya Haydn ya sonata, pomwe mtundu wanyimbo womwe umamveka umamveka kwa nthawi yayitali.

4. Mwanzeru

Zatakt ndiye chiyambi cha nyimbo kuchokera ku kugunda kofooka, mtundu wina wa kamvekedwe wofala. Kuti timvetse izi, choyamba tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nthawi ya nyimbo imachokera pa mfundo ya kusinthasintha kwanthawi zonse kwa kugunda kwa magawo amphamvu ndi ofooka a mita. Kutsika kwapansi nthawi zonse kumakhala chiyambi cha muyeso watsopano. Koma nyimbo sizimayamba ndi kugunda kwamphamvu, kaŵirikaŵiri, makamaka m’nyimbo zanyimbo, timakumana ndi chiyambi ndi kugunda kofooka.

Chitsanzo Na. 7 “Nyimbo ya Chaka Chatsopano.” Mawu a nyimbo yotchuka ya Chaka Chatsopano "Mtengo wa Khrisimasi unabadwira m'nkhalango" imayamba ndi syllable yosagwedezeka "In le", motero, syllable yosagwedezeka mu nyimboyi iyenera kugwa panthawi yofooka, ndi syllable "su" – pa wamphamvu. Kotero zikuwoneka kuti nyimboyo imayamba ngakhale isanayambe kugunda kwamphamvu, ndiko kuti, syllable "In le" imakhalabe kumbuyo kwa muyeso (musanayambe muyeso woyamba, musanayambe kugunda kwamphamvu).

Chitsanzo Nambala 8 "Nyimbo Yadziko Lonse". Chitsanzo china ndi nyimbo yamakono ya ku Russia "Russia - Mphamvu Yathu Yopatulika" m'malembawo imayambanso ndi syllable yosagwedezeka, ndi nyimbo - ndi kugunda. Mwa njira, mu nyimbo za nyimbo, chifaniziro cha nyimbo yamadontho yomwe mumadziwa kale imabwerezedwa kangapo, zomwe zimawonjezera ulemu ku nyimbo.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kutsogolera sikuli muyeso wodziyimira pawokha, nthawi ya nyimbo zake imabwereka (kutengedwa) kuchokera pamlingo womaliza wa ntchitoyo, yomwe, motero, imakhalabe yosakwanira. Koma palimodzi, pakuwerengera, kugunda koyambirira ndi kugunda komaliza kumapanga kugunda kumodzi kokwanira.

5. Syncope

Syncopation ndikusintha kwa kupsinjika kuchokera ku kugunda kwamphamvu kupita ku kugunda kofooka., ma syncopations nthawi zambiri amayambitsa kuwoneka kwa mawu ataliatali pambuyo pa nthawi yofooka pambuyo pa kanthawi kochepa kapena kupuma pamphamvu, ndipo amadziwika ndi chizindikiro chomwecho. Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za syncope m'nkhani ina.

WERENGANI ZA SYNCOPES APA

Zoonadi, pali mitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya rhythmic kuposa momwe tawonera pano. Mitundu yambiri ya nyimbo ndi masitayelo ali ndi mawonekedwe awoawo. Mwachitsanzo, pamalingaliro awa, mitundu monga waltz (mita itatu ndi kusalala kapena ziwerengero za "kuzungulira" mungoliyo), mazurka (mita itatu ndi kuphwanya koyenera kwa kugunda koyamba), march (mita yothamanga iwiri, kumveka kwa rhythm, kuchuluka kwa mizere yamadontho) amalandira mawonekedwe omveka bwino pamalingaliro awa. etc. Koma zonsezi ndi mitu ya osiyana zina kukambirana, kotero kukaona malo athu kawirikawiri ndipo inu ndithudi kuphunzira zambiri zatsopano ndi zothandiza za dziko la nyimbo.