Fritz Kreisler |

Fritz Kreisler

Ndani adamvapo ntchito imodzi ya Punyani, Cartier, Francoeur, Porpora, Louis Couperin, Padre Martini kapena Stamitz ndisanayambe kulemba pansi pa mayina awo? Ankangokhala pamasamba a madikishonale a nyimbo, ndipo nyimbo zawo zinaiwalika m’makoma a nyumba za amonke kapena kusonkhanitsa fumbi pamashelefu a malaibulale. Mayina amenewa anali chabe zipolopolo zopanda kanthu, zobvala zakale, zoiwalika zomwe ndinkazibisa. F. Kleisler

F. Kreisler ndiye womaliza woyimba violinist, yemwe mu ntchito yake miyambo ya virtuoso-romantic art ya m'zaka za zana la XNUMX idapitilirabe, yosinthidwa ndi prism ya dziko latsopano. Munjira zambiri, adayembekezera kutanthauzira kwamasiku ano, kutengera ufulu wokulirapo komanso kutanthauzira kutanthauzira. Kupitiliza miyambo ya Strausses, J. Liner, nthano zamatawuni za Viennese, Kreisler adapanga zida zambiri za violin ndi makonzedwe omwe amadziwika kwambiri pa siteji.

Kreisler anabadwira m'banja la dokotala, woimba violinist. Kuyambira ali mwana, anamva quartet m'nyumba motsogoleredwa ndi bambo ake. Wolemba K. Goldberg, Z. Freud ndi anthu ena otchuka a Vienna akhala pano. Kuyambira ali ndi zaka zinayi, Kreisler ankaphunzira ndi bambo ake, kenako ndi F. Ober. Kale ali ndi zaka 3 adalowa ku Vienna Conservatory kupita ku I. Helbesberger. Pa nthawi yomweyo, sewero loyamba la woimba wamng'ono unachitika mu konsati K. Patti. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha kupanga, Kreisler amaphunzira ndi A. Bruckner ndipo ali ndi zaka 7 amapanga quartet ya zingwe. Zochita za A. Rubinstein, I. Joachim, P. Sarasate zimamukhudza kwambiri. Ali ndi zaka 8, Kreisler anamaliza maphunziro awo ku Vienna Conservatory ndi mendulo yagolide. Makonsati ake ndi opambana. Koma bambo ake akufuna kuti amupatse maphunziro apamwamba. Ndipo Kreisler amalowanso mu Conservatory, koma tsopano ku Paris. J. Massard (mphunzitsi wa G. Venyavsky) anakhala mphunzitsi wake wa violin, ndi L. Delibes mu nyimbo, yemwe adatsimikiza kalembedwe kake. Ndipo apa, patapita zaka 9, Kreisler amalandira mendulo ya golide. Ali mnyamata wazaka khumi ndi ziwiri, pamodzi ndi wophunzira wa F. Liszt M. Rosenthal, akuyenda ku United States, akupanga ulendo wake woyamba ku Boston ndi konsati ya F. Mendelssohn.

Ngakhale kuti mwana wamng'onoyo wachita bwino kwambiri, bambo ake amaumirira maphunziro a zaluso zaufulu. Kreisler amachoka ku violin ndikulowa mubwalo la masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, amapita ku Russia. Koma, atabwerako, amalowa m'chipatala, amalemba maulendo ankhondo, amasewera mu gulu la Tyrolean ndi A. Schoenberg, amakumana ndi I. Brahms ndipo akugwira nawo ntchito yoyamba ya quartet yake. Pomaliza, Kreisler anaganiza kuchita mpikisano kwa gulu la violin wachiwiri wa Vienna Opera. Ndipo - kulephera kwathunthu! Wojambula wokhumudwitsidwa wasankha kusiya violin kwamuyaya. Vutoli linadutsa mu 1896, pamene Kreisler anapita ku Russia kachiwiri, komwe kunakhala chiyambi cha ntchito yake yowala yojambula. Ndiye, ndi kupambana kwakukulu, makonsati ake akuchitikira Berlin motsogozedwa ndi A. Nikish. Panalinso msonkhano ndi E. Izai, womwe unakhudza kwambiri kalembedwe ka Kreisler woyimba violini.

Mu 1905, Kreisler adapanga kuzungulira kwa zidutswa za violin "Classical Manuscripts" - tinthu tating'ono 19 tolembedwa ngati kutsanzira zolemba zakale zazaka za m'ma 1935. Kreisler, pofuna kubisa, adabisa zolemba zake, ndikupereka masewerowo ngati zolembedwa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, adafalitsa zolemba zake zakale za Viennese waltzes - "Chisangalalo cha Chikondi", "Zowawa za Chikondi", "Rosemary Wokongola", zomwe zinatsutsidwa kwambiri komanso zotsutsana ndi zolembedwa ngati nyimbo zoona. Sizinali mpaka XNUMX pomwe Kreisler adavomereza zachinyengo, otsutsa odabwitsa.

Kreisler adayendera mobwerezabwereza ku Russia, adasewera ndi V. Safonov, S. Rachmaninov, I. Hoffmann, S. Kusevitsky. Pa Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse, iye analembedwa usilikali, pafupi Lvov anaukira Cossacks, anavulazidwa ntchafu ndipo analandira chithandizo kwa nthawi yaitali. Amapita ku USA, amapereka zoimbaimba, koma, pamene adamenyana ndi Russia, amaletsedwa.

Panthawiyi, pamodzi ndi wolemba nyimbo wa ku Hungary V. Jacobi, analemba operetta "Maluwa a Apple Tree", yomwe inachitikira ku New York mu 1919. I. Stravinsky, Rachmaninov, E. Varese, Izai, J. Heifets ndi ena adapezekapo. masewero oyamba.

Kreisler amapanga maulendo angapo padziko lonse lapansi, zolemba zambiri zimalembedwa. Mu 1933 amalenga yachiwiri Zizi operetta anachita ku Vienna. Repertoire yake panthawiyi inali yochepa chabe ku classics, zachikondi ndi zazing'ono zake. Iye samaimba nyimbo zamakono: “Palibe wolemba nyimbo amene angapeze chigoba chogwira mtima polimbana ndi mpweya woziziritsa mpweya wa chitukuko chamakono. Munthu sayenera kudabwa akamamvetsera nyimbo za achinyamata amasiku ano. Izi ndi nyimbo za nthawi yathu ino ndipo ndi zachilengedwe. Nyimbo sizidzapita kunjira ina pokhapokha ngati mikhalidwe ya ndale ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu padziko lapansi yasintha.”

Mu 1924-32. Kreisler amakhala ku Berlin, koma mu 1933 anakakamizika kuchoka chifukwa cha ulamuliro wa fascism, choyamba ku France ndiyeno ku America. Apa akupitiriza kuchita ndi kuchita processing ake. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri mwa iwo ndi zojambula zojambula za concerto za violin ndi N. Paganini (Woyamba) ndi P. Tchaikovsky, amasewera ndi Rachmaninov, N. Rimsky-Korsakov, A. Dvorak, F. Schubert, ndi zina zotero. Mu 1941, Kreisler adagwidwa ndi galimoto ndipo sanathe kuchita. Konsati yomaliza yomwe anapereka inali ku Carnegie Hall mu 1947.

Peru Kreisler ali ndi nyimbo zokwana 55 komanso zolembedwa zopitilira 80 komanso masinthidwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi masewero, nthawi zina amayimira kupangidwa kwamphamvu koyambirira. Nyimbo za Kreisler - concerto yake ya violin "Vivaldi", stylizations of masters akale, Viennese waltzes, zidutswa monga Recitative ndi Scherzo, "Chinese Tambourine", makonzedwe a "Folia" ndi A. Corelli, "Devil's Trill" ndi G. Tartini, zosiyana siyana a "Witch" Paganini, cadenzas to concertos a L. Beethoven ndi Brahms amachitidwa kwambiri pa siteji, akusangalala ndi kupambana kwakukulu ndi omvera.

V. Grigoriev

Pazojambula zanyimbo zazaka zitatu zoyambirira zazaka za zana la XNUMX, munthu sangapeze munthu ngati Kreisler. Wopanga sewero latsopano, loyambirira, adakhudza kwenikweni onse a m'nthawi yake. Ngakhale Heifetz, kapena Thibaut, kapena Enescu, kapena Oistrakh, yemwe "adaphunzira" zambiri kuchokera kwa woyimba zeze wa ku Austria panthawi ya mapangidwe a talente yake, sanadutse. Masewera a Kreisler adadabwa, kutsanzira, kuphunzira, kusanthula zing'onozing'ono; oimba opambana anagwadira pamaso pake. Anakhala ndi ulamuliro wosatsutsika mpaka mapeto a moyo wake.

Mu 1937, Kreisler ali ndi zaka 62, Oistrakh anamumva ku Brussels. Iye analemba kuti: “Kwa ine, sewero la Kreisler linandikhudza kwambiri. Mphindi yoyamba, pakumveka koyambirira kwa uta wake wapadera, ndinamva mphamvu zonse ndi chithumwa cha woimba wodabwitsa uyu. Poganizira za nyimbo za m'ma 30s, Rachmaninov analemba kuti: "Kreisler amadziwika kuti ndi woyimba zeze wabwino kwambiri. Kumbuyo kwake kuli Yasha Kheyfets, kapena pafupi naye. Ndi Kreisler, Rachmaninoff anali ndi gulu lokhazikika kwa zaka zambiri.

Luso la Kreisler monga wopeka ndi woyimba zidapangidwa kuchokera ku kuphatikizika kwa zikhalidwe za nyimbo za Viennese ndi French, kuphatikizika komwe kunaperekadi china chake choyambirira. Kreisler adalumikizidwa ndi chikhalidwe cha nyimbo cha Viennese ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zili m'ntchito yake. Vienna adamupangitsa kukhala ndi chidwi ndi zakale zazaka za m'ma XNUMX, zomwe zidapangitsa mawonekedwe ake ang'onoang'ono "akale". Koma cholunjika kwambiri ndikulumikizana uku ndi Vienna watsiku ndi tsiku, nyimbo zake zopepuka, zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi miyambo yakale ya Johann Strauss. Zoonadi, ma waltze a Kreisler amasiyana ndi a Strauss, mmene, monga momwe Y. Kremlev amanenera moyenerera, “chisomo chimaphatikizidwa ndi unyamata, ndipo chirichonse chimadzala ndi kuunika kwapadera kwapadera ndi kawonedwe kotayirira ka moyo.” Waltz ya Kreisler imataya unyamata wake, kukhala wokonda kwambiri komanso wapamtima, "sewero lamalingaliro". Koma mzimu wa "Strauss" Vienna wakale amakhala mmenemo.

Kreisler adabwereka njira zambiri za violin kuchokera ku zaluso zaku France, makamaka vibrato. Anapatsa kugwedezekako zonunkhira zokometsera zomwe siziri za French. Vibrato, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito osati mu cantilena, komanso m'ndime, yakhala imodzi mwa zizindikiro za machitidwe ake. Malinga ndi K. Flesh, powonjezera kumveka kwa kugwedezeka, Kreisler adatsatira Yzai, yemwe poyamba adayambitsa kugwedezeka kwakukulu ndi dzanja lamanzere m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku kwa oimba violin. Katswiri wina wanyimbo wa ku France Marc Pencherl akukhulupirira kuti chitsanzo cha Kreisler sichinali Isai, koma mphunzitsi wake pa Paris Conservatory Massard: “Amene kale anali wophunzira wa Massard, anatengera kwa aphunzitsi ake vibrato yomveka, yosiyana kwambiri ndi ija ya sukulu ya ku Germany. Oyimba violin kusukulu ya ku Germany anali ndi malingaliro osamala pakugwedezeka, omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito mochepa. Ndipo zowona kuti Kreisler adayamba kujambula nazo osati cantilena, komanso mawonekedwe osuntha, zimasemphana ndi zokongoletsa zaluso zamaphunziro zazaka za zana la XNUMX.

Komabe, sizolondola kwenikweni kulingalira Kreisler pakugwiritsa ntchito kugwedezeka kwa otsatira Izaya kapena Massar, monga Flesch ndi Lehnsherl amachitira. Kreisler adapatsa kugwedezeka ntchito yodabwitsa komanso yowoneka bwino, yosadziwika kwa am'mbuyomu, kuphatikiza Ysaye ndi Massard. Kwa iye, inasiya kukhala "penti" ndipo inasanduka khalidwe losatha la cantilena ya violin, njira zake zamphamvu zowonetsera. Kuonjezera apo, inali yachindunji kwambiri, mumtundu kukhala imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za kalembedwe kake. Atafalitsa kugwedezeka kwa mawonekedwe agalimoto, adapatsa masewerawo kumveka kodabwitsa kwamtundu wa "zokometsera" mthunzi, womwe unapezedwa ndi njira yapadera yotulutsa mawu. Kunja kwa izi, kugwedezeka kwa Kreisler sikungaganizidwe.

Kreisler anali wosiyana ndi oimba violin onse pamayendedwe a sitiroko ndi kupanga mawu. Anasewera ndi uta kutali ndi mlatho, pafupi ndi fretboard, ndi zikwapu zazifupi koma zowuma; adagwiritsa ntchito portamento mochulukira, kukhutitsa cantilena ndi "mawu owusa moyo" kapena kulekanitsa mawu amodzi ndi ena ndi ma caesura ofewa pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe. Mawu omveka m'dzanja lamanja nthawi zambiri ankatsagana ndi mawu omveka kumanzere, pogwiritsa ntchito "kukankhira" kogwedezeka. Zotsatira zake, tart, "sensual" cantilena ya timbre yofewa "matte" idapangidwa.

“Pokhala ndi uta, Kreisler mwadala anapatukana ndi a m’nthaŵi yake,” akulemba motero K. Flesh. - Pamaso pake, panali mfundo yosagwedezeka: nthawi zonse yesetsani kugwiritsa ntchito kutalika konse kwa uta. Mfundo imeneyi si yolondola, ngati kokha chifukwa kukhazikitsidwa kwaukadaulo kwa "wachisomo" ndi "wachisomo" kumafuna malire a kutalika kwa uta. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, chitsanzo cha Kreisler chikuwonetsa kuti kukoma mtima ndi mphamvu sizimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito uta wonse. Anagwiritsa ntchito kumapeto kwenikweni kwa uta pokhapokha pazochitika zapadera. Kreisler anafotokoza mbali ya chikhalidwe cha mauta chifukwa anali ndi "mikono yochepa kwambiri"; panthawi imodzimodziyo, kugwiritsa ntchito m'munsi mwa uta kunamudetsa nkhawa pokhudzana ndi mwayi wowononga "es" wa violin. "Chuma" ichi chinali cholinganizidwa ndi khalidwe lake lamphamvu la uta wothamanga ndi kamvekedwe ka mawu, komwe kunkayendetsedwa ndi kugwedezeka kwakukulu.

Pencherl, yemwe wakhala akuyang'ana Kreisler kwa zaka zambiri, akuyambitsa zowongolera m'mawu a Flesch; akulemba kuti Kreisler ankasewera zikwapu zing'onozing'ono, ndi kusintha kwafupipafupi kwa uta ndi tsitsi lake lolimba kwambiri moti ndodoyo inapeza chiwombankhanga, koma pambuyo pake, pambuyo pa nkhondo (kutanthauza Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse. - LR) adabwerera ku maphunziro ambiri. njira zowerama.

Mikwingwirima yaying'ono yolumikizana ndi portamento ndi kugwedezeka kowoneka bwino kunali njira zowopsa. Komabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo ndi Kreisler sikunadutse malire a kukoma kwabwino. Anapulumutsidwa ndi kusasinthika kwa nyimbo zomwe Flesch adawona, zomwe zinali zachibadwa komanso zotsatira za maphunziro: "Ziribe kanthu kuchuluka kwa chilakolako chake, choletsedwa nthawi zonse, chosakhala chopanda pake, chowerengera phindu lotsika mtengo," akulemba Flesh. Pencherl akunenanso chimodzimodzi, akukhulupirira kuti njira za Kreisler sizinaphwanye konse kulimba ndi kulemekezeka kwa kalembedwe kake.

Zida zolembera zala za Kreisler zinali zachilendo ndi masinthidwe ambiri otsetsereka komanso "zanyama", anatsindika ma glissandos, omwe nthawi zambiri amalumikiza mawu oyandikana nawo kuti amveke bwino.

Kaŵirikaŵiri, maseŵero a Kreisler anali ofewa modabwitsa, okhala ndi timbre “zakuya”, rubato yaulere ya “chikondi”, yogwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi kamvekedwe komvekera bwino: “Smellor ndi rhythm ndiwo maziko aŵiri amene luso lake la sewero linazikidwapo.” "Sanaperekepo nyimbo kuti achite bwino, ndipo sanathamangitse ma rekodi othamanga." Mawu a Flesch samasiyana ndi malingaliro a Pencherl: "Mu cantabile, mwana wake wamwamuna adapeza chithumwa chachilendo - chonyezimira, chotentha, chowoneka bwino, sichinakhale chochepa chifukwa cha kuuma kosalekeza kwa nyimbo yomwe idapangitsa masewerawo kukhala amoyo. ”

Umu ndi momwe chithunzi cha Kreisler woyimba violini chimawonekera. Zimakhalabe kuwonjezera kukhudza pang'ono kwa izo.

M'nthambi zonse ziwiri zazikulu za ntchito yake - magwiridwe antchito ndi luso - Kreisler adadziwika makamaka ngati katswiri wazojambula. Kachidutswa kakang'ono kamafunika tsatanetsatane, kotero masewera a Kreisler adakwaniritsa cholinga ichi, kuwonetsa mithunzi yaying'ono yamalingaliro, zowoneka bwino kwambiri. Kachitidwe kake kake kanali kodabwitsa chifukwa cha kuwongolera kwake modabwitsa komanso, ngakhale pang'ono, salonism, ngakhale inali yolemekezeka kwambiri. Pamayimbidwe onse, kumveka kwamasewera a Kreisler, chifukwa cha kukwapula kwatsatanetsatane, panali zolengeza zambiri mmenemo. Pamlingo waukulu, "kulankhula", "mawu" mawu, omwe amasiyanitsa mauta amakono, amachokera ku Kreisler. Chikhalidwe chodziwikiratu ichi chinayambitsa zinthu zowonjezera mu masewera ake, ndipo kufewa, kuwona mtima kwa mawu omveka kunapatsa khalidwe la kupanga nyimbo zaulere, zosiyanitsidwa ndi nthawi yomweyo.

Poganizira zodziwika bwino za kalembedwe kake, Kreisler adapanganso ma concert ake moyenerera. Anapereka gawo loyamba ku ntchito zazikulu, ndipo lachiwiri kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Kutsatira Kreisler, oimba ena oimba nyimbo zazaka za zana la XNUMX adayamba kudzaza mapulogalamu awo ndi tizidutswa tating'onoting'ono ndi zolemba, zomwe zinali zisanachitikepo (zojambula zinkaseweredwa ngati encore). Malinga ndi Pencherl, "mu ntchito zazikulu anali wotanthauzira wolemekezeka kwambiri, wongopekaеnza inadzionetsera mwa ufulu wochita tinthu ting’onoting’ono kumapeto kwa konsati.

N’zosatheka kuvomereza maganizo amenewa. Kreisler adayambitsanso anthu ambiri, odziwika okha kwa iye, pakutanthauzira kwazakale. Mu mawonekedwe aakulu, khalidwe lake improvisation, ena aestheticization, kwaiye ndi sophistication wa kukoma kwake, anaonekera. K. Flesh analemba kuti Kreisler sanachite masewera olimbitsa thupi ndipo ankaona kuti “kuseŵera” n’kosafunika kwenikweni. Sanakhulupirire kufunikira kochita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, ndipo chifukwa chake njira yake ya chala sinali yangwiro. Ndipo komabe, pa siteji, iye anasonyeza “kudekha kokondweretsa.”

Pencherl analankhula za izi mosiyana pang'ono. Malingana ndi iye, teknoloji ya Kreisler inali nthawi zonse kumbuyo, sanali kapolo wake, akukhulupirira kuti ngati maziko abwino aukadaulo adapezedwa ali mwana, ndiye kuti pambuyo pake sayenera kuda nkhawa. Nthaŵi ina anauza mtolankhani wina kuti: “Ngati munthu waluso anagwira ntchito bwino pamene anali wamng’ono, ndiye kuti zala zake zidzakhalabe zosinthasintha kosatha, ngakhale ngati atakula sangathe kupitiriza luso lake tsiku lililonse.” Kukula kwa talente ya Kreisler, kulemeretsa umunthu wake, kunathandizidwa ndi kuwerenga nyimbo zophatikizana, maphunziro onse (zolemba ndi filosofi) kumlingo wokulirapo kuposa maola ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamiyeso kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi. Koma njala yake ya nyimbo sinakhutitsidwe. Kusewera mu ensembles ndi abwenzi, akhoza kupempha kubwereza Schubert Quintet ndi ma cellos awiri, amene ankawakonda katatu motsatizana. Iye adanena kuti chilakolako cha nyimbo ndi chofanana ndi chilakolako chosewera, kuti ndi chimodzi chokha - "kusewera violin kapena kusewera roulette, kupanga kapena kusuta opiamu ...". "Mukakhala ndi ukoma m'magazi anu, ndiye kuti chisangalalo chokwera pa siteji chimakupatsirani zisoni zanu zonse ..."

Pencherl adalemba kasewero wakunja wa woyimba violini, machitidwe ake pabwalo. M’nkhani imene tatchula kale ija, iye analemba kuti: “Zikumbukiro zanga zimayambira patali. Ndinali mnyamata wamng’ono kwambiri pamene ndinali ndi mwayi wocheza kwanthaŵi yaitali ndi Jacques Thiebaud, amene anali adakali m’mayambiriro a ntchito yake yanzeru. Ndinamumvera chisoni choterechi cha kulambira mafano chomwe ana amawamvera (pataliko sichikuwonekanso chopanda nzeru kwa ine). Nditamufunsa mwadyera za zinthu zonse ndi anthu onse a ntchito yake, yankho lake lina linandikhudza mtima chifukwa linachokera ku zimene ndinkaona kuti ndi mulungu wa oimba violin. “Pali mtundu umodzi wodabwitsa,” iye anandiuza ine, “amene angapite patsogolo kuposa ine. Kumbukirani dzina la Kreisler. Uyu adzakhala mbuye wathu kwa onse. "

Mwachibadwa, Pencherl anayesa kupita ku konsati yoyamba ya Kreisler. “Kreisler ankaoneka ngati munthu wamba kwa ine. Nthawi zonse ankapatsa mphamvu zodabwitsa chifukwa chokhala ndi thunthu lalikulu, khosi lamasewera la munthu woponya zinthu zolemera, nkhope yochititsa chidwi kwambiri, yovekedwa ndi tsitsi lalitali lodulidwa podula gulu la ogwira ntchito. Poyang'anitsitsa, kutentha kwa kuyang'ana kunasintha zomwe poyamba zinkawoneka ngati zovuta.

Pamene oimba ankaimba mawu oyamba, iye anaima ngati kuti ali maso - manja ake m'mbali mwake, violin pafupifupi pansi, atakokedwera ku kupindika ndi chala chamkomba cha dzanja lake lamanzere. Atangoyamba kumene, anaikweza, ngati kuti akukopana, kumapeto kwa sekondi yomaliza, kuti ayiike paphewa lake mothamanga kwambiri moti chidacho chinawoneka ngati chagwidwa ndi chibwano ndi kolala.

Mbiri ya Kreisler yafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'buku la Lochner. Iye anabadwira ku Vienna pa February 2, 1875 m'banja la dokotala. Bambo ake anali okonda kwambiri nyimbo ndipo kukana kokha kwa agogo ake kunamulepheretsa kusankha ntchito yoimba. Nthawi zambiri banjalo linkaimba nyimbo, ndipo ma quartets ankasewera Loweruka nthawi zonse. Fritz wamng'ono ankamvetsera kwa iwo popanda kuima, kuchita chidwi ndi phokoso. Nyimbo zinali m'magazi mwake mwakuti amakoka zingwe za nsapato pamabokosi a ndudu ndikutengera osewera. “Nthaŵi ina,” akutero Kreisler, “pamene ndinali ndi zaka zitatu ndi theka zakubadwa, ndinali pafupi ndi atate wanga mkati mwa kuimba kwa Mozart quartet ya stroke, imene imayamba ndi manotsi. re – b-flat – mchere (ie G yaikulu No. 156 malinga ndi Koechel Catalogue. - LR). "Mumadziwa bwanji kusewera manotsi atatuwa?" Ndinamufunsa. Moleza mtima anatenga pepala, najambula mizere isanu ndi kundifotokozera tanthauzo la cholemba chilichonse, choikidwa pa ichi kapena mzere uwo.

Ali ndi zaka 4, adagulidwa ndi violin weniweni, ndipo Fritz adatengapo nyimbo ya dziko la Austria. Anayamba kuonedwa m'banja ngati chozizwitsa chaching'ono, ndipo bambo ake anayamba kumuphunzitsa nyimbo.

Momwe adakulirakulira amatha kuweruzidwa ndi mfundo yakuti mwana wazaka 7 (mu 1882) adaloledwa ku Vienna Conservatory m'kalasi la Joseph Helmesberger. Kreisler analemba m’magazini yotchedwa Musical Courier ya mu April 1908 kuti: “Panthaŵi imeneyi, anzanga anandipatsa vayolini yokulirapo theka, yosakhwima komanso yomveka bwino, ya mtundu wakale kwambiri. Sindinakhutitsidwe nazo, chifukwa ndimaganiza kuti ndikamaphunzira ku Conservatory nditha kukhala ndi violin ya kotala itatu ... "

Helmesberger anali mphunzitsi wabwino ndipo anapatsa chiweto chake luso lolimba laukadaulo. M'chaka choyamba cha kukhala ku Conservatory Fritz anapanga siteji yake kuwonekera koyamba kugulu, kuchita mu konsati ndi wotchuka woimba Carlotta Patti. Anaphunzira chiyambi cha chiphunzitso ndi Anton Bruckner, kuwonjezera pa violin, anathera nthawi yambiri kuimba limba. Tsopano, ndi anthu ochepa amene akudziwa kuti Kreisler anali woyimba piyano wabwino kwambiri, akusewera momasuka ngakhale zida zovuta kuchokera papepala. Iwo amati pamene Auer anabweretsa Heifetz ku Berlin mu 1914, onse aŵiri anathera m’nyumba imodzi. Alendo omwe anasonkhana, omwe anali Kreisler, anapempha mnyamatayo kuti azisewera chinachake. "Koma zotsatilazi bwanji?" Heifetz anafunsa. Kenako Kreisler anapita ku piyano ndipo, monga chikumbutso, anatsagana ndi Concerto ya Mendelssohn ndi chidutswa chake, The Beautiful Rosemary.

Kreisler wazaka 10 anamaliza maphunziro ake ku Vienna Conservatory ndi mendulo ya golide; anzake anamugulira violin ya magawo atatu kotala ndi Amati. Mnyamatayo, yemwe anali atalota kale za violin yonse, analinso wosakhutira. Pamsonkhano wabanja nthawi yomweyo, adaganiza kuti amalize maphunziro ake oimba, Fritz amayenera kupita ku Paris.

Mu 80s ndi 90s, Paris Violin School inali pachimake. Marsik anaphunzitsa pa Conservatory, amene analera Thibault ndi Enescu, Massar, amene kalasi Venyavsky, Rys, Ondrichek anatuluka. Kreisler anali m’kalasi la Joseph Lambert Massard, “Ndikuganiza kuti Massard ankandikonda chifukwa ndinkasewera ngati Wieniawski,” iye anavomereza pambuyo pake. Pa nthawi yomweyi, Kreisler anaphunzira nyimbo ndi Leo Delibes. Kumveka bwino kwa kalembedwe ka mbuyeyu kunadzipangitsa kumva pambuyo pake m'ntchito za woyimba zeze.

Nditamaliza maphunziro awo ku Paris Conservatoire mu 1887 chinali chipambano. Mnyamata wazaka 12 anapambana mphoto yoyamba, akupikisana ndi oimba violin 40, aliyense wa iwo anali wamkulu kwa zaka 10 kuposa iye.

Atafika kuchokera ku Paris kupita ku Vienna, woyimba violini wachichepere mosayembekezereka adalandira mwayi kuchokera kwa manejala waku America Edmond Stenton kuti apite ku United States ndi woyimba piyano Moritz Rosenthal. Ulendo waku America unachitika mu nyengo ya 1888/89. Pa Januware 9, 1888, Kreisler adayamba ku Boston. Inali konsati yoyamba yomwe idayambitsadi ntchito yake ngati woyimba violin.

Kubwerera ku Ulaya, Kreisler kwa kanthawi anasiya violin kuti amalize maphunziro ake. Ali mwana, bambo ake anamuphunzitsa maphunziro ambiri kunyumba, kuphunzitsa Latin, Greek, sayansi zachilengedwe ndi masamu. Tsopano (mu 1889) akulowa Medical School ku yunivesite ya Vienna. Pochita chidwi kwambiri ndi maphunziro a zamankhwala, anaphunzira mwakhama ndi maprofesa akuluakulu. Pali umboni kuti kuwonjezera anaphunzira kujambula (mu Paris), anaphunzira luso mbiri (ku Rome).

Komabe, nthawi iyi ya mbiri yake sichidziwika bwino. Nkhani za I. Yampolsky zokhudza Kreisler zimasonyeza kuti kale mu 1893 Kreisler anabwera ku Moscow, kumene anapereka ma concert 2 mu Russian Musical Society. Palibe ntchito zakunja za woyimba violini, kuphatikiza zolemba za Lochner, zomwe zili ndi izi.

Mu 1895-1896, Kreisler adatumikira m'gulu la Archduke Eugene wa Habsburg. Archduke anakumbukira woyimba violini wachinyamatayo pamasewera ake ndipo amamugwiritsa ntchito madzulo ngati oyimba payekha, komanso m'gulu la oimba popanga zisudzo za amateur opera. Pambuyo pake (mu 1900) Kreisler adakwezedwa paudindo wa lieutenant.

Atamasulidwa ku usilikali, Kreisler anabwerera ku ntchito zoimba. Mu 1896 anapita ku Turkey, kenako zaka 2 (1896-1898) ankakhala Vienna. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kukumana naye mu cafe "Megalomania" - mtundu wa kalabu ya nyimbo ku likulu la Austria, komwe adasonkhana Hugo Wolf, Eduard Hanslick, Johann Brahms, Hugo Hofmannsthal. Kulankhulana ndi anthu amenewa kunapatsa Kreisler maganizo ofuna kudziwa zinthu modabwitsa. Kaŵirikaŵiri pambuyo pake anakumbukira misonkhano yake ndi iwo.

Njira yopita ku ulemerero sinali yophweka. Mchitidwe wachilendo wa Kreisler, yemwe amasewera "mosiyana" ndi oyimba ena oyimba, amadabwitsa komanso amawopseza anthu okonda ku Viennese. Pothedwa nzeru, amayesanso kulowa mu gulu la oimba la Royal Vienna Opera, koma sanavomerezedwe kumeneko, chifukwa "chifukwa chakusowa kwa nyimbo." Kutchuka kumabwera kokha pambuyo pa ma concert a 1899. Atafika ku Berlin, Kreisler anachita mosayembekezereka ndi kupambana kwakukulu. Joachim wamkulu mwiniwake amasangalala ndi talente yake yatsopano komanso yachilendo. Kreisler amakambidwa ngati woyimba zeze wosangalatsa kwambiri panthawiyo. Mu 1900, anaitanidwa ku America, ndipo ulendo wopita ku England mu May 1902 unagwirizanitsa kutchuka kwake ku Ulaya.

Inali nthawi yosangalatsa komanso yosasamala ya unyamata wake waluso. Mwachilengedwe, Kreisler anali munthu wokonda kucheza, wokonda nthabwala ndi nthabwala. Mu 1900-1901 adayendera America ndi woyimba nyimbo John Gerardi komanso woyimba piyano Bernhard Pollack. Anzake ankangokhalira kuseka woyimba piyano, chifukwa nthawi zonse ankakhala wamantha chifukwa cha mmene amaonekera m’chipinda cha zojambulajambula pa sekondi yomaliza, asanakwere siteji. Tsiku lina ku Chicago, Pollak anapeza kuti onse awiri sanali m’chipinda chochitira zojambulajambula. Holoyo inali yolumikizidwa ndi hotelo yomwe atatuwo ankakhala, ndipo Pollak anathamangira kunyumba ya Kreisler. Analowa mosagogoda ndipo anapeza woyimba zezeyo ndi woimba nyimboyo atagona pabedi lalikulu, mabulangete atakokedwa m’chibwano. Iwo ananong'oneza fortissimo mu duet yowopsya. “Hey, nonse mwapenga! Pollack anakuwa. “Omvera asonkhana ndipo akuyembekezera kuti konsati iyambe!”

- Ndiloleni ndigone! adabangula Kreisler muchilankhulo cha chinjoka cha Wagnerian.

Nawu mtendere wanga wamumtima! anabuula Gerardi.

Ndi mawu amenewa, onse awiri anatembenukira kumbali ina n’kuyamba kujona mopanda phokoso kwambiri kuposa poyamba. Pokwiya, Pollack anavula mabulangete awo ndikupeza kuti anali ndi malaya amchira. Konsatiyi idayamba mochedwa mphindi 10 zokha ndipo omvera sanazindikire kalikonse.

Mu 1902, chochitika chachikulu chinachitika mu moyo wa Fritz Kreisler - anakwatira Harriet Lyse (pambuyo pa mwamuna wake woyamba, Mayi Fred Wortz). Anali mkazi wodabwitsa, wanzeru, wokongola, womvera. Anakhala bwenzi lake lodzipereka kwambiri, kugawana malingaliro ake ndi kumunyadira mopenga. Mpaka ukalamba anali osangalala.

Kuyambira chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 900 mpaka 1941, Kreisler ankayendera maulendo angapo ku America ndipo ankayenda pafupipafupi ku Ulaya konse. Amagwirizana kwambiri ndi United States ndipo, ku Ulaya, ndi England. Mu 1904, London Musical Society inamupatsa mendulo ya golidi chifukwa cha ntchito yake ya Beethoven Concerto. Koma mwauzimu, Kreisler ali pafupi kwambiri ndi France ndipo mmenemo muli abwenzi ake a ku France Ysaye, Thibault, Casals, Cortot, Casadesus ndi ena. Kugwirizana kwa Kreisler ku chikhalidwe cha ku France ndi organic. Nthawi zambiri amayendera malo aku Belgian a Ysaye, amaimba nyimbo kunyumba ndi Thibaut ndi Casals. Kreisler adavomereza kuti Izai adali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa iye ndipo adabwereka njira zingapo za violin kwa iye. Mfundo yakuti Kreisler anakhala "wolowa nyumba" wa Izaya ponena za kugwedezeka kwatchulidwa kale. Koma chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti Kreisler amakopeka ndi mlengalenga waluso womwe uli mu bwalo la Ysaye, Thibaut, Casals, chikhalidwe chawo chokonda nyimbo, kuphatikizapo kuphunzira mozama. Polankhulana nawo, malingaliro okongola a Kreisler amapangidwa, makhalidwe abwino ndi abwino a khalidwe lake amalimbikitsidwa.

Nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse isanayambe, Kreisler sankadziwika ku Russia. Anapereka ma concerts kuno kawiri, mu 1910 ndi 1911. Mu December 1910, adapereka ma concerts 2 ku St. Zinadziwika kuti machitidwe ake amakopa chidwi kwambiri ndi mphamvu ya mtima komanso mwaluso kwambiri wa mawu. Ankasewera ntchito zake, zomwe panthawiyo zinkachitikabe ngati kusintha kwa masewero akale.

Patatha chaka chimodzi, Kreisler anaonekeranso ku Russia. M’kati mwa ulendo umenewu, makonsati ake (December 2 ndi 9, 1911) anayambitsa kale kumveka kokulirapo. “Pakati pa oimba violin amakono,” wotsutsa wa ku Russia analemba motero, “dzina la Fritz Kreisler liyenera kuikidwa m’malo oyamba. M'masewera ake, Kreisler ndi wojambula kwambiri kuposa virtuoso, ndipo mphindi yokongola nthawi zonse imabisa mwa iye chikhumbo chachilengedwe choti oimba violin ayenera kuwonetsa luso lawo. " Koma izi, malinga ndi wotsutsayo, zimamulepheretsa kuyamikiridwa ndi "anthu onse", omwe akuyang'ana "ubwino wangwiro" mwa wojambula aliyense, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuziwona.

Mu 1905, Kreisler anayamba kufalitsa ntchito zake, akulowa mu chinyengo chodziwika tsopano. Zina mwa zolembedwazo zinali "Mavinidwe Atatu Akale a Viennese", omwe amanenedwa kuti ndi a Joseph Lanner, ndi mndandanda wa "zolemba" zamasewera odziwika bwino - Louis Couperin, Porpora, Punyani, Padre Martini, etc. Poyambirira, adachita "zolemba" izi. nyimbo zake zomwe, kenako zidasindikizidwa ndipo zidabalalika mwachangu padziko lonse lapansi. Panalibe woyimba zeze yemwe sanawaphatikizepo mu nyimbo zake zoimbaimba. Zomveka bwino, zokongoletsedwa mochenjera, zidalemekezedwa kwambiri ndi oimba komanso anthu onse. Monga nyimbo zoyambira "zake", Kreisler nthawi imodzi adatulutsa sewero la salon la Viennese, ndipo chidzudzulo chinamugwera kangapo chifukwa cha "zoyipa" zomwe adawonetsa m'masewera monga "The Pangs of Love" kapena "Viennese Caprice".

Chinyengo chokhala ndi zidutswa za "zakale" chinapitirira mpaka 1935, pamene Kreisler adavomereza ku New Times wotsutsa nyimbo Olin Dowen kuti mndandanda wonse wa Classical Manuscripts, kupatula mipiringidzo 8 yoyamba mu Louis XIII Ditto Louis Couperin, inalembedwa ndi iye. Malinga ndi Kreisler, lingaliro la chinyengo choterocho linabwera m'maganizo mwake zaka 30 zapitazo ponena za chikhumbo chofuna kubwezeretsanso nyimbo zake za konsati. "Ndinaona kuti zingakhale zochititsa manyazi komanso zopanda nzeru kupitiriza kubwereza dzina langa m'mapulogalamu." Pa nthawi ina, iye anafotokoza chifukwa cha chinyengo ndi kuuma kumene koyambirira kwa oimba nyimbo nthawi zambiri amathandizidwa. Ndipo monga umboni, adatchula chitsanzo cha ntchito yake, kusonyeza momwe masewero a "classic" ndi nyimbo zolembedwa ndi dzina lake adawunikidwa - "Viennese Caprice", "Ngalawa waku China", ndi zina zotero.

Kuvumbulutsidwa kwachinyengo kunayambitsa mkuntho. Ernst Neumann analemba nkhani yomvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Kunabuka mkangano, wofotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'buku la Lochner, koma ... Ndiponso, Kreisler anali wolondola pamene, potsutsa Neumann, analemba kuti: “Maina amene ndinasankha mosamalitsa anali osadziwika kwenikweni kwa ambiri. Ndani adamvapo ntchito imodzi ya Punyani, Cartier, Francoeur, Porpora, Louis Couperin, Padre Martini kapena Stamitz ndisanayambe kupeka pansi pa dzina lawo? Iwo ankangokhala m'ndandanda wa ndime za zolembedwa ntchito; ntchito zawo, ngati zilipo, zikusanduka fumbi pang’onopang’ono m’nyumba za amonke ndi malaibulale akale.” Kreisler adakulitsa mayina awo mwanjira yachilendo ndipo mosakayikira adathandizira kuti chidwi cha nyimbo za violin chazaka za XNUMX-XNUMX chikhalepo.

Pamene nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse inayamba, a Kreisler anali patchuthi ku Switzerland. Ataletsa mapangano onse, kuphatikizapo ulendo wa Russia ndi Kusevitsky, Kreisler anathamangira ku Vienna, kumene iye analembedwa monga Lieutenant usilikali. Nkhani yakuti woyimba zeze wotchuka adatumizidwa kunkhondo inachititsa chidwi kwambiri ku Austria ndi mayiko ena, koma popanda zotsatira zowoneka. Kreisler anatsala m’gulu lankhondo. Gulu limene ankatumikiramo posakhalitsa linasamutsidwira kunkhondo ya Russia pafupi ndi Lvov. Mu September 1914, kunamveka nkhani zabodza zoti Kreisler waphedwa. M'malo mwake, adavulazidwa ndipo ichi chinali chifukwa chake adachotsedwa. Nthawi yomweyo, pamodzi ndi Harriet, adapita ku United States. Nthaŵi yotsalayo, pamene nkhondoyo inkatha, iwo anali kukhala kumeneko.

Zaka za pambuyo pa nkhondo zidadziwika ndi zochitika zamakonsati. America, England, Germany, kachiwiri America, Czechoslovakia, Italy - ndizosatheka kuwerengera njira za wojambula wamkulu. Mu 1923, Kreisler anayenda ulendo wopita Kum’mawa, n’kukacheza ku Japan, Korea, ndi China. Ku Japan, adachita chidwi kwambiri ndi zojambula ndi nyimbo. Anafunanso kugwiritsa ntchito mawu omveka a luso la ku Japan m'ntchito yakeyake. Mu 1925 anapita ku Australia ndi New Zealand, kuchoka kumeneko kupita ku Honolulu. Mpaka m'ma 30s, mwina anali woyimba zeze wotchuka kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Kreisler anali wotsutsa-fascist. Iye anadzudzula kwambiri chizunzo anazunzika ku Germany ndi Bruno Walter, Klemperer, Busch, ndipo m'mbali anakana kupita ku dziko lino "mpaka ufulu wa ojambula onse, mosasamala kanthu za chiyambi chawo, chipembedzo ndi dziko, kuchita luso lawo sasintha mu Germany mfundo. .” Choncho analemba m’kalata yopita kwa Wilhelm Furtwängler.

Ndi nkhawa, amatsatira kufalikira kwa fascism ku Germany, ndipo Austria italandidwa mokakamiza ku Reich yachifasisti, adadutsa (mu 1939) kukhala nzika yaku France. Pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, Kreisler ankakhala ku United States. Chisoni chake chonse chinali kumbali ya magulu ankhondo a anti-fascist. Panthawi imeneyi, adaperekabe zoimbaimba, ngakhale kuti zaka zinali zitayamba kudzimva.

Pa April 27, 1941, akuwoloka msewu ku New York, anagundidwa ndi galimoto. Kwa masiku ambiri wojambula wamkulu anali pakati pa moyo ndi imfa, mu delirium sanazindikire omwe anali pafupi naye. Komabe, mwamwayi, thupi lake kupirira matenda, ndipo mu 1942 Kreisler anatha kubwerera ku ntchito konsati. Zochita zake zomaliza zinachitika mu 1949. Komabe, kwa nthawi yaitali atachoka pa siteji, Kreisler anali pakati pa oimba a dziko lapansi. Analankhulana naye, akufunsira “chikumbumtima chaluso” choyera, chosavunda.

Kreisler adalowa m'mbiri ya nyimbo osati ngati woimba, komanso ngati woyimba nyimbo. Gawo lalikulu la cholowa chake chopanga ndi mndandanda wazing'ono (pafupifupi masewero 45). Atha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: imodzi imakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono mumayendedwe a Viennese, inayo - imasewera kutsanzira zazaka za m'ma 2-2. Kreisler anayesa dzanja lake mu mawonekedwe akulu. Pakati pa ntchito zake zazikulu ndi 1917 uta quartets ndi 1932 operettas "Apple Blossom" ndi "Zizi"; yoyamba idapangidwa mu 11, yachiwiri mu 1918. Kuyamba kwa "Apple Blossom" kunachitika pa November 1932, XNUMX ku New York, "Zizi" - ku Vienna mu December XNUMX. Ma operetta a Kreisler anali opambana kwambiri.

Kreisler ali ndi zolembedwa zambiri (zopitilira 60!). Zina mwa izo zimapangidwira omvera osakonzekera ndi machitidwe a ana, pamene zina zimakhala zokonzekera bwino kwambiri. Kukongola, kukongola, ndi violin zinawapatsa kutchuka kwapadera. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, tikhoza kulankhula za kulengedwa kwa zolemba zamtundu watsopano, zaulere potsata kalembedwe kachitidwe, chiyambi komanso phokoso la "Kreisler". Zolemba zake zimaphatikizapo ntchito zosiyanasiyana za Schumann, Dvorak, Granados, Rimsky-Korsakov, Cyril Scott ndi ena.

Mtundu wina wa ntchito yolenga ndi ukonzi waulere. Izi ndi zosiyana za Paganini ("The Witch", "J Palpiti"), "Foglia" lolemba Corelli, Tartini's Variations pamutu wa Corelli pokonza ndi kukonza Kreisler, ndi zina zotero. Paganini, Tartini's sonata devil."

Kreisler anali munthu wophunzira - ankadziwa bwino Chilatini ndi Chigiriki, anawerenga Iliad ndi Homer ndi Virgil poyambirira. Kuchuluka kwake komwe adakwera pamwamba pa oimba zoyimba, kunena mofatsa, osakwera kwambiri panthawiyo, akhoza kuweruzidwa ndi zokambirana zake ndi Misha Elman. Ataona Iliad pa desiki yake, Elman anafunsa Kreisler:

- Kodi icho mu Chihebri?

Ayi, mu Chigriki.

- Izi ndi zabwino?

- Kwambiri!

- Kodi likupezeka mu Chingerezi?

- Kumene.

Ndemanga, monga akunena, ndizopanda pake.

Kreisler anakhalabe wanthabwala moyo wake wonse. Nthawi ina, - akutero Elman, - ndidamufunsa: ndi ndani mwa oyimba zeze yemwe adamva adamukhudza kwambiri? Kreisler anayankha mosakayikira: Venyavsky! Misozi ili m’maso, nthawi yomweyo anayamba kufotokoza bwino lomwe masewera ake, moti Elman nayenso anagwetsa misozi. Pobwerera kunyumba, Elman anayang'ana mu dikishonale ya Grove ndipo ... anaonetsetsa kuti Venyavsky anamwalira Kreisler ali ndi zaka 5 zokha.

Panthaŵi ina, atatembenukira kwa Elman, Kreisler anayamba kumutsimikizira mozama, popanda kumwetulira, kuti pamene Paganini ankaimba nyimbo zoimbidwa pawiri, ena a iwo ankaimba violin, pamene ena amaimba likhweru. Pofuna kukopa, adawonetsa momwe Paganini adachitira.

Kreisler anali wokoma mtima kwambiri komanso wowolowa manja. Anapereka zambiri za chuma chake kuzinthu zachifundo. Pambuyo pa konsati ku Metropolitan Opera pa March 27, 1927, anapereka ndalama zonse, zomwe zinali ndalama zambiri za $ 26, ku American Cancer League. Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yadziko I, iye anasamalira ana amasiye 000 a anzake a m’manja; Atafika ku Berlin mu 43, adayitana 1924 ya ana osauka kwambiri ku phwando la Khirisimasi. 60 adawonekera. "Bizinesi yanga ikuyenda bwino!" Adafuula uku akuwomba m'manja.

Kudera nkhaŵa kwake anthu kunali kofanana ndi kwa mkazi wake. Kumapeto kwa Nkhondo Yadziko II, Kreisler anatumiza mabalu a chakudya kuchokera ku America kupita ku Ulaya. Ena mwa mabale anabedwa. Izi zitanenedwa kwa Harriet Kreisler, adakhalabe wodekha: pambuyo pake, ngakhale amene adaba adachita, m'malingaliro ake, kudyetsa banja lake.

Kale munthu wokalamba, madzulo oti achoke pa siteji, ndiye kuti, pamene kunali kovuta kuwerengera kubwezeretsanso likulu lake, adagulitsa laibulale yamtengo wapatali kwambiri ya zolemba pamanja ndi zotsalira zosiyanasiyana zomwe adasonkhanitsa ndi chikondi kwa moyo wake wonse kwa 120. chikwi cha madola 372 ndikugawa ndalamazi pakati pa mabungwe awiri achifundo aku America. Iye nthawi zonse anathandiza achibale ake, ndi maganizo ake anzake angatchedwe moona chivalrous. Joseph Segeti atabwera ku United States koyamba mu 1925, anadabwa kwambiri ndi khalidwe labwino la anthu. Zikuoneka kuti asanafike, Kreisler adasindikiza nkhani yomwe adamuwonetsa ngati woyimba zeze wabwino kwambiri wochokera kunja.

Anali wosavuta, ankakonda kuphweka mwa ena ndipo sankachita manyazi ndi anthu wamba nkomwe. Ankafunitsitsa kuti luso lake lifike kwa aliyense. Tsiku lina, akutero Lochner, pa limodzi la madoko a ku England, Kreisler anatsika m’sitima kuti apitirize ulendo wake wa sitima. Kunali kudikira kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo anaganiza kuti zingakhale bwino kupha nthawi ngati atapanga konsati yaing'ono. M’chipinda chozizira komanso chachisoni cha siteshoniyi, Kreisler anatulutsa vayolin m’chikwama chake n’kuimbira akuluakulu a kasitomu, ogwira ntchito m’migodi ya malasha, ndi oyendetsa madoko. Atamaliza, ananena kuti ankasangalala ndi luso lake.

Kukoma mtima kwa Kreisler kwa achinyamata oimba violin kungafanane ndi kukoma mtima kwa Thibaut. Kreisler moona mtima za kupambana kwa m'badwo wachinyamata wa violinists, ankakhulupirira kuti ambiri a iwo akwaniritsa, ngati si katswiri, ndi kupambana Paganini. Komabe, kusilira kwake, monga lamulo, kumangotanthauza njira: "Amatha kusewera mosavuta zonse zomwe zalembedwa zovuta kwambiri kwa chida, ndipo ichi ndi kupambana kwakukulu m'mbiri ya nyimbo zoimbira. Koma m’lingaliro la luso lomasulira ndi mphamvu yachinsinsi imeneyo imene ili kuwulutsa kwa wailesi ya munthu wamkulu, m’mbali imeneyi m’badwo wathu suli wosiyana kwambiri ndi mibadwo ina.”

Kreisler adatengera kuchokera m'zaka za zana la 29 mtima wowolowa manja, chikhulupiriro chachikondi mwa anthu, mumalingaliro apamwamba. Mu luso lake, monga momwe Pencherl ananenera bwino, panali chithumwa cholemekezeka ndi chokopa, kumveka bwino kwa Chilatini ndi malingaliro a Viennese wamba. Zoonadi, mu nyimbo ndi machitidwe a Kreisler sanakwaniritse zofunikira za nthawi yathu. Zambiri zinali zakale. Koma tisaiwale kuti luso lake linali nthawi yonse ya mbiri ya chikhalidwe cha violin padziko lapansi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nkhani za imfa yake pa Januware 1962, XNUMX zidapangitsa oimba padziko lonse lapansi kukhala achisoni kwambiri. Wojambula wamkulu ndi munthu wamkulu, yemwe kukumbukira kwake kudzakhalapo kwa zaka mazana ambiri, wapita.

L. Raaben