Mbiri ya Gusli

Akatswiri ambiri a mbiri yakale amavomereza kuti gusli ndi chiyambi cha Asilavo. Dzina lawo limagwirizanitsidwa ndi chingwe cha uta, chomwe Asilavo akale ankachitcha "gusla" ndipo amamveka phokoso pamene amakoka. Choncho, chida chophweka chinapezedwa, chomwe chinasintha kwa zaka mazana ambiri ndipo potsirizira pake chinasanduka ntchito yojambula ndi phokoso lapadera. Mwachitsanzo, ku Veliky Novgorod akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale anapeza zeze wopangidwa ndi matabwa wokhala ndi chokongoletsera chodabwitsa chachikunja. Kupeza kwina kunali kutalika kwa 37 cm. Inali yokongoletsedwa ndi zosema ndi mafanizo a mpesa wopatulika.

Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa zeze kudayamba m'zaka za zana la XNUMX ndipo kuli m'mipukutu yachi Greek yokhudza aku Russia. Koma ku Greece palokha, chida ichi chimatchedwa mosiyana - cithara kapena psaltery. Chakumapetochi nthawi zambiri chinkagwiritsidwa ntchito polambira. Dziwani kuti "Psalter" dzina lake chifukwa cha chida ichi. Ndi iko komwe, nyimbo zautumiki zinkaimbidwa potsatizana ndi psaltery.

Chida chofanana ndi zeze chinapezeka pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana ndipo chimatchedwa mosiyana.

• Finland - kantele.
• Iran ndi Turkey - madzulo.
• Germany - zikomo.
• China ndi chimfine.
• Greece - lira.
• Italy - zeze.
• Kazakhstan - zhetygen.
• Armenia ndi canon.
• Latvia - kokle.
• Lithuania - Kankles.

Ndizosangalatsa kuti m'dziko lililonse dzina la chida ichi limachokera ku mawu akuti: "buzz" ndi "tsekwe". Ndipo zimenezi n’zomveka chifukwa kulira kwa zeze n’kofanana ndi kumveka kolira.

Chidacho ku Russia chinali chokondedwa kwambiri. Aliyense epic ngwazi amayenera kuwasewera iwo. Sadko, Dobrynya Nikitich, Alyosha Popovich - awa ndi ena mwa iwo.

Gusli anali mabwenzi odalirika a ma buffoons. Chida choimbira chimenechi chinaimbidwa m’bwalo la mfumu ndi anthu wamba. Chapakati pazaka za zana la XNUMX, nthawi zovuta zidafika kwa okonda, omwe nthawi zambiri ankanyoza akuluakulu achifumu komanso akuluakulu ampingo. Iwo anaopsezedwa ndi kuzunzika kwa imfa ndi kutumizidwa ku ukapolo, ndipo zida zoimbira, kuphatikizapo azeze, zinatengedwa ndi kuwonongedwa monga chinthu choyipa ndi chamdima.

Chifaniziro cha guslar mu nthano ndi zolemba za Asilavo ndizosamveka. Kumbali ina, woyimba nyimbo za guslyar akhoza kungosangalatsa anthu. Ndipo, kumbali ina, kulankhulana ndi dziko lina ndikusunga chidziwitso chachinsinsi. Pali zinsinsi zambiri ndi zinsinsi kuzungulira chithunzichi, chifukwa chake ndizosangalatsa. Masiku ano, palibe amene amagwirizanitsa zeze ndi chikunja. Ndipo mpingo pawokha sukutsutsana ndi chida ichi.

Gusli abwera kutali ndipo atha kukhalabe ndi moyo mpaka pano. Kusintha kwa ndale, anthu, chikhulupiriro - chida ichi chinapulumuka chirichonse ndipo chinatha kukhalabe chofunikira. Tsopano pafupifupi gulu lililonse la oimba lili ndi chida choimbira chimenechi. Gusli ndi mawu awo akale komanso kusewera kosavuta kumapanga nyimbo zosaiŵalika. Zimamveka kukoma kwapadera kwa Asilavo ndi mbiri yakale.

Ngakhale kuti zeze ndi wotchuka pakati pa anthu, nthawi zambiri amapangidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Chifukwa cha ichi, pafupifupi chida chilichonse ndi munthu payekha komanso wapadera kulenga chitsanzo.