Nadezhda Iosifovna Golubovskaya |

Nadezhda Golubovskaya

M’zaka za chisinthiko chisanayambe, oimba piyano omaliza maphunziro a St. Petersburg Conservatory anapikisana kuti akhale ndi ufulu wolandira Mphotho ya Anton Rubinstein. Chotero zinali mu 1914. Pokumbukira zimenezi. Pambuyo pake S. Prokofiev analemba kuti: “Mpikisano wanga waukulu anali Golubovskaya wa m’kalasi la Lyapunov, woimba piyano wanzeru ndi wochenjera.” Ndipo ngakhale kuti mphoto inaperekedwa kwa Prokofiev, mfundo yotsutsana ndi woyimba piyano woyamba (komanso kuwunika kwake) imalankhula kwambiri. Glazunov adanenanso za luso la wophunzirayo, yemwe adalemba zotsatirazi m'magazini ya mayeso: "Wopambana kwambiri komanso talente yoimba. Sewero lodzaza mosiyanasiyana, chisomo komanso chilimbikitso. ” Kuwonjezera Lyapunov, AA Rozanova anali mphunzitsi Golubovskaya. Analandira maphunziro angapo apadera kuchokera ku AN Esipova.

Zochita za woyimba piyano atamaliza maphunziro awo ku Conservatory zidapangidwa mosiyanasiyana. Kale clavierabend yake yoyamba yodziyimira payokha m'chaka cha 1917 (pulogalamuyi inaphatikizapo Bach, Vivaldi, Rameau, Couperin, Debussy, Ravel, Glazunov, Lyapunov, Prokofiev) adalandira ndemanga yabwino kuchokera kwa V. Karatygin, yemwe adapeza kusewera kwa Golubovskaya "zambiri zambiri ndakatulo zobisika, kumverera kwamoyo; kumveketsa bwino kwambiri kumaphatikizidwa ndi kukhudzika kwamalingaliro ndi mantha. Sikuti zisudzo yekha zinabweretsa kutchuka kwake lonse, komanso pamodzi nyimbo akuimba, choyamba ndi woimba Z. Lodius, ndipo kenako ndi violinist M. Rayson (ndi wotsiriza iye anachita onse khumi a Beethoven a sonatas violin). Komanso, nthawi ndi nthawi ankaimbanso monga harpsichordist, akusewera ntchito ndi olemba a m'zaka za m'ma 3. Nyimbo za ambuye akale zakhala zikukopa chidwi cha Golubovskaya. E. Bronfin akunena za izi: “Pokhala ndi gulu loimba lomwe limaphatikizapo nyimbo za piyano za m’nyengo zosiyanasiyana, masukulu adziko, masitayelo ndi masitayelo, okhala ndi mphatso ya kuloŵa mozama m’dziko landakatulo la wopeka nyimbo, woyimba piyano, mwinamwake, anadzionetsera bwino kwambiri. nyimbo za oimba azeze a ku France, m'mabuku a Mozart ndi Schubert. Pamene ankaimba zidutswa za Couperin, Daquin, Rameau (komanso amwali achingerezi) pa piyano yamakono, adakwanitsa kutulutsa phokoso lapadera kwambiri - lomveka bwino, lomveka bwino, lomveka bwino ... kukhudzika kwa mayendedwe ndi kuthamangitsa dala komwe kunayambika munyimbo iyi , kunawatanthauzira ngati zochitika zapadziko lapansi zodzaza ndi moyo, monga zojambulidwa mwandakatulo, tizithunzi tating'ono, todzala ndi malingaliro obisika. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, maubwenzi otsatizana a harpsichordists ndi Debussy ndi Ravel adakhala owoneka bwino kwambiri.

Atangopambana chipambano cha Great October Revolution Golubovskaya anaonekera mobwerezabwereza pamaso pa omvera atsopano pa zombo, mu makalabu nautical ndi zipatala. Mu 1921, Leningrad Philharmonic unakhazikitsidwa, ndipo Golubovskaya yomweyo anakhala mmodzi wa soloists ake kutsogolera. Pamodzi ndi ochititsa lalikulu, iye anachita pano limba concerto Mozart, Beethoven, Chopin, Skriabin, Balakirev, Lyapunov. Mu 1923 Golubovskaya anayendera Berlin. Omvera a ku Moscow ankamudziwanso bwino. M’kubwereza kwa K. Grimikh (magazini anyimbo ndi Revolution) pa imodzi ya makonsati ake m’Nyumba Yaing’ono ya Moscow Conservatory, timaŵerenga kuti: “Kukhoza kwenikweni kwa woimba piyano kuli ndi malire, koma m’gulu lake loimba, Golubovskaya anatsimikizira. kukhala mbuye wapamwamba komanso wojambula weniweni. Sukulu yabwino kwambiri, luso lodabwitsa la mawu, njira yokongola yodutsamo, malingaliro osadziwika bwino, chikhalidwe chachikulu cha nyimbo ndi luso lojambula ndi luso la wojambula - izi ndizo zabwino za Golubovskaya.

Golubovskaya ananenapo kuti: “Ndimangoimba nyimbo zabwino koposa zimene zingaimbidwe.” Pazonsezo, nyimbo yake inali yotakata, kuphatikiza nyimbo zambiri zakale komanso zamakono. Mozart anali wolemba wake wokondedwa. Pambuyo 1948, woimba limba kawirikawiri anapereka zoimbaimba, koma ngati anapita pa siteji, nthawi zambiri anatembenukira kwa Mozart. Poona mmene woimbayo ankamvetsetsa mozama kalembedwe kake ka nyimbo ya Mozart, ndiponso ntchito ya oimba ena, M. Bialik analemba mu 1964 kuti: “Chigawo chilichonse chophatikizidwa m’gulu la woyimba piyano chimabisa maonekedwe, moyo, mayanjano aluso, ndipo chilichonse chili ndi nzeru zake zenizeni, zaluso. maganizo”.

Golubovskaya anathandiza kwambiri Soviet piyano pedagogy. Kuyambira 1920 iye anaphunzitsa pa Leningrad Conservatory (kuyambira 1935 pulofesa), kumene anaphunzitsa ambiri oimba piyano konsati; pakati pawo N. Shchemelinova, V. Nielsen, M. Karandasheva, A. Ugorsky, G. Talroze. Ndi Shishko. Mu 1941-1944 Golubovskaya anali mkulu wa dipatimenti limba ya Ural Conservatory, ndipo mu 1945-1963 anali mlangizi pa Tallinn Conservatory. Peru ya mphunzitsi wodabwitsa ali ndi buku lakuti "The Art of Pedalization" (L., 1967), loyamikiridwa kwambiri ndi akatswiri.

Lit .: Bronfin ENI Glubovskaya.-L., 1978.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.