Samuel Barber |

Samuel Barber

Mu 1924-28 anaphunzira ndi IA Vengerova (piyano), R. Scalero (wopanga), F. Reiner (wotsogolera), E. de Gogorz (woimba) pa Curtis Institute of Music ku Philadelphia, kumene pambuyo pake anaphunzitsa kuimba ndi kuimba. kuchita (1939-42). Kwa nthawi yayitali adachita ngati woyimba (baritone) komanso wotsogolera ntchito zake m'mizinda yaku Europe, kuphatikiza pa zikondwerero (Hereford, 1946). Barber ndi mlembi wa ntchito zambiri zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. M'mabuku ake oyambirira a piyano, chikoka cha okondana ndi SV Rachmaninoff chikuwonekera, mu ochestra - ndi R. Strauss. Pambuyo pake, adatenga zinthu za kalembedwe katsopano ka B. Bartok, oyambirira IF Stravinsky ndi SS Prokofiev. Mawonekedwe okhwima a Barber amadziwika ndi kuphatikizika kwa zikondamoyo ndi mawonekedwe a neoclassical.

Ntchito zabwino za Barber zimasiyanitsidwa ndi luso la mawonekedwe ndi kulemera kwa kapangidwe; ntchito za ochestra - ndi luso lapamwamba la zida (zopangidwa ndi A. Toscanini, A. Kusevitsky ndi otsogolera ena akuluakulu), piyano imagwira ntchito - ndi kuwonetsera kwa piyano, mawu - ndi kuwonetseratu mophiphiritsa, kuyimba momveka bwino komanso kubwereza nyimbo.

Pakati pa nyimbo zoyambirira za Barber, zodziwika kwambiri ndi izi: symphony yoyamba, Adagio for string orchestra (makonzedwe a gulu lachiwiri la quartet quartet), sonata ya piyano, concerto ya violin ndi orchestra.

Wotchuka ndi sewero lanyimbo la Vanessa lotengera nkhani yachikondi yachikhalidwe (imodzi mwa zisudzo zochepa zaku America zomwe zidachitikira ku Metropolitan Opera, New York, 1958). Nyimbo zake zimadziwika ndi psychology, melodiousness, zimasonyeza kuyandikana kwina kwa ntchito ya "verists", kumbali imodzi, ndi ma operas omaliza a R. Strauss.

Zolemba:

machitidwe - Vanessa (1958) ndi Antony ndi Cleopatra (1966), chipinda cha opera Bridge Party (Dzanja la mlatho, Spoleto, 1959); ballet - "Mtima wa Njoka" (Mtima wa serpenti, 1946, 2nd edition 1947; zochokera pa izo - orchestral suite "Medea", 1947), "Blue Rose" (A blue rose, 1957, osati positi.); kwa mawu ndi oimba - "Andromache's farewell" (Andromache's farewell, 1962), "The lovers" (The lovers, after P. Neruda, 1971); za orchestra - 2 symphonies (1st, 1936, 2nd edition - 1943; 2nd, 1944, edition latsopano - 1947), kupititsa sewero la "School of Scandal" lolemba R. Sheridan (1932), "Festive Toccata" ( Toccata festiva, 1960) , “Fadograph kuchokera ku chochitika chakumapeto” (Fadograph yochokera ku chochitika chakumapeto, pambuyo pa J. Joyce, 1971) zoimbaimba ndi orchestra - piyano (1962), ya violin (1939), 2 ya cello (1946, 1960), ballet suite "Zokumbukira" (Souvenirs, 1953); nyimbo zapanyumba - Capricorn Concerto ya chitoliro, oboe ndi lipenga ndi zingwe orchestra (1944), 2 zingwe quartets (1936, 1948), "Nyimbo Chilimwe" (Nyimbo za Chilimwe, za woodwind quintet), sonatas (kwa sonata ya cello ndi piyano, komanso "Nyimbo za zochitika zochokera ku Shelley" - Nyimbo za zochitika kuchokera ku Shelley, 1933, American Rome Prize 1935); kwaya, nyimbo zotsatizana potsatira. J. Joyce ndi R. Rilke, Mapemphero a cantata Kierkegaard (Mapemphero a Kjerkegaard, 1954).

Zothandizira: M’bale N., Samuel Barber, NY, 1954.

V. Yu. Delson