Synthesizer: zida, mbiri, mitundu, momwe mungasankhire

Synthesizer ndi chida chamagetsi chamagetsi. Zimatanthawuza mtundu wa kiyibodi, koma pali mitundu yokhala ndi njira zina zolowera.

chipangizo

Chophatikizira chapamwamba cha kiyibodi ndi kesi yokhala ndi zamagetsi mkati ndi kiyibodi kunja. Zinthu zanyumba - pulasitiki, zitsulo. Wood sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. Kukula kwa chidacho kumadalira chiwerengero cha makiyi ndi zinthu zamagetsi.

Synthesizers nthawi zambiri amayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kiyibodi. Itha kumangidwa ndikulumikizidwa, mwachitsanzo, kudzera pa midi. Makiyi amakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu ndi liwiro la kukanikiza. Kiyi ikhoza kukhala ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito nyundo.

Komanso, chidachi chikhoza kukhala ndi mapepala okhudza omwe amayankha kukhudza ndi slide zala. Owongolera owumba amakulolani kuyimba mawu kuchokera ku synthesizer ngati chitoliro.

Mbali yapamwamba imakhala ndi mabatani, zowonetsera, zokopa, zosintha. Iwo amasintha phokoso. Zowonetsa ndi analogi ndi kristalo wamadzimadzi.

Kumbali kapena pamwamba pamilandu ndi mawonekedwe olumikizira zida zakunja. Kutengera mtundu wa synthesizer, mutha kulumikiza mahedifoni, maikolofoni, zoyambira zomveka, memori khadi, USB drive, kompyuta kudzera pa mawonekedwe.

History

Mbiri ya synthesizer idayamba koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX ndikufalikira kwakukulu kwamagetsi. Chimodzi mwa zida zoimbira zamagetsi zoyamba zinali theremin. Chidacho chinali chopangidwa chokhala ndi tinyanga tating'ono. Poyendetsa manja ake pa mlongoti, woimbayo ankatulutsa mawu. Chipangizocho chinakhala chodziwika, koma chovuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kotero kuyesa kupanga chida chatsopano chamagetsi kunapitirira.

Mu 1935, chiwalo cha Hammond chinatulutsidwa, chofanana ndi piyano yayikulu. Chidacho chinali kusintha kwamagetsi kwa chiwalocho. Mu 1948, wotulukira ku Canada Hugh Le Cain adapanga chitoliro chamagetsi chokhala ndi kiyibodi yomvera kwambiri komanso yotha kugwiritsa ntchito vibrato ndi glissando. Kutulutsa mawu kumayendetsedwa ndi jenereta yoyendetsedwa ndi voteji. Pambuyo pake, majenereta oterowo adzagwiritsidwa ntchito mu synths.

Yoyamba yopangidwa ndi magetsi yowonjezera yowonjezera inapangidwa ku USA ku 1957. Dzinali ndi "RCA Mark II Sound Synthesizer". Chidacho chinawerenga tepi yokhomeredwa ndi magawo a phokoso lofunidwa. Analog synth yomwe ili ndi machubu 750 a vacuum inali ndi udindo wotulutsa mawu.

Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 60s, modular synthesizer yopangidwa ndi Robert Moog idawonekera. Chipangizocho chinali ndi ma module angapo omwe amapanga ndikusintha mawu. Ma modules adalumikizidwa ndi doko losinthira.

Moog anatulukira njira yodziwira kamvekedwe ka mawu pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya magetsi yotchedwa oscillator. Iye analinso woyamba kugwiritsa ntchito majenereta a phokoso, zosefera ndi sequencers. Zopangidwa ndi Moog zidakhala gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazopanga zonse zamtsogolo.

Mu 70s, injiniya waku America Don Buchla adapanga Modular Electric Music System. M'malo mwa kiyibodi yokhazikika, Buchla adagwiritsa ntchito mapanelo okhudza kukhudza. Makhalidwe a phokoso ankasiyanasiyana ndi mphamvu ya kukanikiza ndi malo a zala.

Mu 1970, Moog adayamba kupanga kachitsanzo kakang'ono, komwe kanadziwika kuti "Minimoog". Unali woyamba akatswiri synth kugulitsidwa m'masitolo wamba nyimbo ndipo ankafuna kuti zisudzo pompopompo. Minimoog adakhazikitsa lingaliro la chida chodziyimira chokha chokhala ndi kiyibodi yomangidwa.

Ku UK, synth yayitali yonse idapangidwa ndi Electronic Music Studios. Zogulitsa zotsika mtengo za EMS zidayamba kutchuka ndi oimba nyimbo za rock opita patsogolo ndi oimba. Pinki Floyd anali amodzi mwa magulu oyambirira a rock omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida za EMS.

Ma synthesizer oyambirira anali monophonic. Chitsanzo choyamba cha polyphonic chinatulutsidwa mu 1978 pansi pa dzina la "OB-X". M'chaka chomwecho, Mneneri-5 adatulutsidwa - synthesizer yoyamba yokhazikika. Prophet adagwiritsa ntchito ma microprocessors kuti atulutse mawuwo.

Mu 1982, muyezo wa MIDI ndi ma sampler synths odzaza adawonekera. Mbali yawo yayikulu ndikusinthidwa kwa mawu ojambulidwa kale. Yoyamba ya digito synthesizer, Yamaha DX7, idatulutsidwa mu 1983.

M'zaka za m'ma 1990, opanga mapulogalamu adawonekera. Amatha kutulutsa mawu munthawi yeniyeni ndikugwira ntchito ngati mapulogalamu okhazikika pakompyuta.

mitundu

Kusiyana pakati pa mitundu ya synthesizer ndi momwe mawu amapangidwira. Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu:

1. Analogi. Phokoso limapangidwa ndi njira yowonjezera komanso yochepetsera. Ubwino ndi kusintha kosalala mu matalikidwe a phokoso. Choyipa ndi kuchuluka kwa phokoso la chipani chachitatu.
2. Analogue yeniyeni. Zambiri mwazinthu ndizofanana ndi analogi. Kusiyana kwake ndikuti phokoso limapangidwa ndi ma processor a digito.
3. Za digito. Phokosoli limakonzedwa ndi purosesa molingana ndi mabwalo omveka. Ulemu - chiyero cha mawu ndi mwayi waukulu wokonzekera. Zitha kukhala zonse zodziyimira pawokha komanso zida zonse zamapulogalamu.

Momwe mungasankhire synthesizer

Kusankha synthesizer kuyenera kuyamba ndikuzindikira cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito. Ngati cholinga sikutulutsa mawu osazolowereka, mutha kunyamula piyano kapena pianoforte. Kusiyana pakati pa synth ndi piyano kuli mumtundu wa mawu opangidwa: digito ndi makina.

Kuti muphunzitse, sikoyenera kutenga chitsanzo chokwera mtengo kwambiri, koma simuyenera kusunga kwambiri.

Zitsanzo zimasiyana mu chiwerengero cha makiyi. Makiyi ochulukira, m'pamenenso phokoso limakwiriridwa. Nambala yodziwika ya makiyi: 25, 29, 37, 44, 49, 61, 66, 76, 80, 88. Ubwino wa chiwerengero chochepa ndi kunyamula. Choyipa chake ndikusintha kwamanja ndikusankha mitundu. Muyenera kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri.

Kupanga chisankho chodziwitsidwa ndi kupanga kufananitsa kowonekera kumathandizidwa bwino ndi mlangizi mu sitolo ya nyimbo.