Waltraud Meier |

Waltraud Meier

Mu 1983, nkhani yosangalatsa inabwera kuchokera ku Bayreuth: “nyenyezi” yatsopano ya Wagnerian “inawala”! Dzina lake ndi Waltraud Mayer.

Momwe zonse zinayambira…

Waltraud anabadwira ku Würzburg mu 1956. Poyamba anaphunzira kuimba chojambulira, kenako limba, koma, monga momwe woimbayo amanenera, sanali wosiyana pakulankhula bwino zala. Ndipo pamene sanathe kufotokoza zakukhosi kwake pa kiyibodi, anamenyetsa chivundikiro cha piyano mokwiya kwambiri ndipo anayamba kuyimba.

Kuimba nthawi zonse kwakhala njira yachibadwa yodziwonetsera ndekha. Koma sindinkaganiza kuti idzakhala ntchito yanga. Zachiyani? Ndikanakhala ndikuimba nyimbo moyo wanga wonse.

Nditamaliza sukulu, iye analowa yunivesite ndipo ankafuna kukhala mphunzitsi wa English ndi French. Anaphunziranso maphunziro a mawu payekha. Mwa njira, ponena za zokonda, chilakolako chake m'zaka zimenezo sichinali oimba akale, koma gulu la Bee Gees ndi oimba nyimbo za ku France.

Ndipo tsopano, patatha chaka chimodzi cha maphunziro a mawu aumwini, aphunzitsi anga mwadzidzidzi anandipempha kuti ndikayesedwe pa malo opanda munthu pa Würzburg Opera House. Ndinaganiza: bwanji, ndilibe chotaya. Sindinapange izi, moyo wanga sudali wodalira. Ndinaimba ndipo ananditengera kumalo ochitira masewero. Ndidapanga kuwonekera kwanga ngati Lola ku Mascagni's Rural Honor. Pambuyo pake ndinasamukira ku Mannheim Opera House, kumene ndinayamba kugwira ntchito za Wagnerian. Gawo langa loyamba linali gawo la Erda kuchokera ku opera "Gold of the Rhine". Mannheim anali ngati fakitale kwa ine - ndinachita maudindo oposa 30 kumeneko. Ndinkaimba mbali zonse za mezzo-soprano, kuphatikizapo zomwe ndinali ndisanayenerere panthawiyo.

Yunivesite, ndithudi, Waltraud Mayer analephera kumaliza. Koma iye sanalandire maphunziro oimba, monga choncho. Masewero anali sukulu yake. Pambuyo pa Mannheim adatsatira Dortmund, Hanover, Stuttgart. Kenako Vienna, Munich, London, Milan, New York, Paris. Ndipo, ndithudi, Bayreuth.

Waltraud ndi Bayreuth

Woimbayo akunena za momwe Waltraud Mayer anathera ku Bayreuth.

Nditagwira kale ntchito kwa zaka zingapo m'mabwalo osiyanasiyana a zisudzo komanso nditaimba kale mbali za Wagnerian, inali nthawi yoti ndikachite nawo mayeso ku Bayreuth. Ndinayitana kumeneko ndekha ndikubwera ku audition. Kenako wondiperekeza adatenga gawo lalikulu m'tsogolo langa, yemwe, atawona clavier wa Parsifal, adandipatsa kuti ndiyimbe Kundry. Kumene ndinati: chiyani? ku Bayreuth? Kundry? Ine? Mulungu aletse, ayi! Iye anati, chabwino, chifukwa chiyani? Apa ndi pamene mungadziwonetse nokha. Kenako ndinavomera ndikuyimba pa audition. Kotero mu 83, mu gawo ili, ndinapanga kuwonekera kwanga pa siteji ya Bayreuth.

Bas Hans Zotin amakumbukira mgwirizano wake woyamba ndi Waltraud Mayer mu 1983 ku Bayreuth.

Tinaimba ku Parsifal. Uku kunali kuwonekera kwake ngati Kundry. Zinapezeka kuti Waltraud amakonda kugona m'mawa ndipo cham'ma XNUMX:XNUMX koloko madzulo anabwera ndi mawu akutulo kwambiri, ndinaganiza kuti, Mulungu mungapirire ntchitoyo lero. Koma chodabwitsa - patatha theka la ola mawu ake adamveka bwino.

Pambuyo pa zaka 17 za mgwirizano wapamtima pakati pa Waltraud Maier ndi mtsogoleri wa chikondwerero cha Bayreuth, mdzukulu wa Richard Wagner, Wolfgang Wagner, mikangano yosagwirizana inachitika, ndipo woimbayo adalengeza kuchoka ku Bayreuth. Zikuwonekeratu kuti chikondwererocho, osati woimbayo, adatayika chifukwa cha izi. Waltraud Maier ndi zilembo zake za Wagnerian adalowa kale m'mbiri. Mtsogoleri wa Vienna State Opera, Angela Tsabra, akuuza.

Nditakumana ndi Waltraud kuno ku State Opera, adawonetsedwa ngati woyimba wa Wagnerian. Dzina lake linali logwirizana kwambiri ndi Kundry. Amati Waltraud Mayer - werengani Kundry. Iye amadziŵa bwino luso lake, mawu ake operekedwa kwa iye ndi Ambuye, amakhala wolangidwa, akugwirabe ntchito pa luso lake, sasiya kuphunzira. Ichi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la moyo wake, umunthu wake - nthawi zonse amakhala ndi kumverera kuti ayenera kupitiriza kugwira ntchito payekha.

Anzake a Waltraud Maier

Koma maganizo a Waltraud Mayer wochititsa Daniel Barenboim, amene sanangopanga zinthu zingapo, anachita mu zoimbaimba, komanso analemba Der Ring des Nibelungen, Tristan ndi Isolde, Parsifal, Tannhäuser:

Woimba akakhala wamng’ono amatha kuchita chidwi ndi mawu ake komanso luso lake. Koma m'kupita kwa nthawi, zambiri zimadalira kuchuluka kwa wojambulayo akupitiriza kugwira ntchito ndikukulitsa mphatso yake. Waltraud ali nazo zonse. Ndipo chinthu chinanso: samalekanitsa nyimbo ndi sewero, koma nthawi zonse amagwirizanitsa zigawozi.

Yotsogoleredwa ndi Jurgen Flimm:

Akuti Waltraud ndi munthu wovuta kumvetsa. Komabe, iye ndi wanzeru basi.

Chief Hans Zotin:

Waltraud, monga iwo amati, ndi kavalo. Ngati mutha kulumikizana naye m'moyo, ndiye kuti simudzakhala ndi malingaliro oti muli nawo pamaso panu prima donna yokhala ndi zovuta zina, zokonda kapena zosintha. Ndi mtsikana wabwinobwino. Koma madzulo, pamene chinsalu chiwuka, iye amasandulika.

Mtsogoleri wa Vienna State Opera Angela Tsabra:

Amakhala nyimbo ndi moyo wake. Amakopa owonera komanso anzawo kuti atsatire njira yake.

Kodi woyimbayo akuganiza chiyani za iye mwini:

Iwo amaganiza kuti ine ndikufuna kukhala wangwiro pa chirichonse, wangwiro. Mwina zili choncho. Ngati china chake sichingandiyendere, ndiye kuti sindikukhutira. Kumbali ina, ndikudziwa kuti ndiyenera kudzipatula pang'ono ndikusankha zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri kwa ine - luso laukadaulo kapena kufotokozera? Zoonadi, zingakhale bwino kuphatikiza chithunzi choyenera ndi mawu omveka bwino, omveka bwino, omveka bwino a coloratura. Izi ndi zabwino ndipo, ndithudi, ndimayesetsa nthawi zonse izi. Koma ngati zimenezi sizikanika madzulo ena, ndimaona kuti n’kofunika kwambiri kuti ndifotokozere anthu tanthauzo la nyimbo ndi maganizo.

Waltraud Mayer - wojambula

Waltraud anali ndi mwayi wogwira ntchito ndi otsogolera odziwika a nthawi yake (kapena iye ndi iye?) - Jean-Pierre Ponnel, Harry Kupfer, Peter Konwitschny, Jean-Luc Bondi, Franco Zeffirelli ndi Patrice Chereau, motsogoleredwa ndi iye adapanga chithunzi chapadera. Mary kuchokera ku opera ya Berg "Wozzeck."

Mmodzi mwa atolankhani adatcha Mayer "Callas of our time." Poyamba, kuyerekezera kumeneku kunali kosatheka kwa ine. Koma kenako ndinazindikira zimene mnzanga ankatanthauza. Palibe oimba ochepa omwe ali ndi mawu okongola komanso luso langwiro. Koma pakati pawo pali ochita zisudzo ochepa. Mwaluso - kuchokera kumalo a zisudzo - chithunzi chopangidwa ndi chomwe chinasiyanitsa Kallas zaka zoposa 40 zapitazo, ndipo izi ndi zomwe Waltraud Meyer amayamikira lero. Ndi ntchito yochuluka bwanji yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa izi - ndiye yekha akudziwa.

Kuti ndinene kuti lero ntchitoyo idapambana, kuphatikiza kwazinthu zambiri ndikofunikira. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuti ndipeze njira yoyenera yopangira chithunzi pochita ntchito yodziyimira pawokha. Kachiwiri, pa siteji zambiri zimadalira mnzanuyo. Moyenera, ngati titha kusewera naye awiriawiri, monga ping-pong, kuponyerana mpira wina ndi mnzake.

Ndikumva bwino kuti suti - ndi yofewa, kaya nsaluyo imayenda kapena imalepheretsa kuyenda kwanga - izi zimasintha masewera anga. Mawigi, zodzoladzola, zokongola - zonsezi ndi zofunika kwa ine, izi ndi zomwe ndingaphatikizepo pamasewera anga. Kuwala kumathandizanso kwambiri. Nthawi zonse ndimayang'ana malo oyaka ndikusewera ndi kuwala ndi mthunzi. Potsirizira pake, geometry pa siteji, momwe zilembo zimakhalira wina ndi mzake - ngati zikufanana ndi rampu, moyang'anizana ndi omvera, monga mumasewero achi Greek, ndiye wowonera akukhudzidwa ndi zomwe zikuchitika. Chinanso ngati atembenukira kwa wina ndi mnzake, ndiye kuti kukambirana kwawo kumakhala kwamunthu payekha. Zonsezi ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa ine.

Mtsogoleri wa Vienna Opera Joan Holender, yemwe adadziwa Waltraud kwa zaka 20, amamutcha kuti ndi wojambula kwambiri.

Kuchokera pakuchita bwino mpaka magwiridwe antchito, Waltraud Meier ali ndi mitundu yatsopano ndi ma nuances. Choncho, palibe ntchito yofanana ndi ina. Ndimamukonda kwambiri Carmen, komanso Santuzza. Ntchito yomwe ndimakonda kwambiri pamasewera ake ndi Ortrud. Sangafotokozeke!

Waltraud, mwa kuvomereza kwake, ndi wofuna kutchuka. Ndipo nthawi iliyonse iye amaika bala pamwamba pang'ono.

Nthawi zina ndimachita mantha kuti sindingathe. Izi zidachitika ndi Isolde: Ndidaphunzira ndikuyimba kale ku Bayreuth, ndipo mwadzidzidzi ndinazindikira kuti, malinga ndi zomwe ndimachita, sindinali wokhwima mokwanira paudindowu. Zomwezo zinachitika ndi udindo wa Leonora mu Fidelio. Koma ndinapitirizabe kugwira ntchito. Ine sindine mmodzi wa iwo amene amasiya. Ndikusaka mpaka nditapeza.

Udindo waukulu wa Waltraud ndi mezzo-soprano. Beethoven analemba gawo la Leonora pa nyimbo zochititsa chidwi za soprano. Ndipo iyi si gawo lokhalo la soprano mu nyimbo za Waltraud. Mu 1993, Waltraud Mayer adaganiza zodziyesa ngati soprano yochititsa chidwi - ndipo adakwanitsa. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Isolde yake kuchokera ku opera ya Wagner yakhala imodzi yabwino kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Mtsogoleri Jürgen Flimm akuti:

Isolde wake wakhala kale nthano. Ndipo izo zimalungamitsidwa. Amachita bwino luso laukadaulo, ukadaulo, mpaka pang'ono kwambiri. Momwe amagwirira ntchito pamalemba, nyimbo, momwe amaphatikizira - si ambiri omwe angachite. Ndipo chinthu chinanso: amadziwa kuzolowera zomwe zikuchitika pa siteji. Amaganizira zomwe zikuchitika m'mutu mwamunthuyo ndiyeno amamasulira kuti aziyenda. Ndipo momwe angafotokozere khalidwe lake ndi mawu ake ndizodabwitsa!

Waltraud Mayer:

Pazigawo zazikulu, monga, mwachitsanzo, Isolde, kumene kuli kuyimba koyera kwa maola pafupifupi 2, ndimayamba kugwira ntchito pasadakhale. Ndinayamba kumuphunzitsa zaka zinayi ndisanakwere naye siteji koyamba, ndikuyika clavier ndikuyambanso.

Tristan wake, tenor Siegfried Yeruzalem, amalankhula za kugwira ntchito ndi Waltraud Mayer motere.

Ndakhala ndikuimba ndi Waltraud kwa zaka 20 mosangalala kwambiri. Iye ndi woyimba wamkulu komanso wochita zisudzo, tonse tikudziwa zimenezo. Koma pambali pa izi, ndife opambana kwa wina ndi mzake. Tili ndi ubale wabwino kwambiri wa anthu, ndipo, monga lamulo, malingaliro ofanana pa zaluso. Sizongochitika mwangozi kuti timatchedwa banja langwiro ku Bayreuth.

Chifukwa chiyani Wagner adakhala wolemba wake, Waltraud Mayer akuyankha motere:

Zolemba zake zimandisangalatsa, zimandipangitsa kuti ndikule ndikupita patsogolo. Mitu ya ma opera ake, kuchokera kumalingaliro amalingaliro, ndi yosangalatsa kwambiri. Mutha kugwira ntchito pazithunzi kosatha ngati mutayandikira izi mwatsatanetsatane. Mwachitsanzo, tsopano yang'anani pa udindo uwu kuchokera kumbali ya maganizo, tsopano kuchokera kumbali ya filosofi, kapena, mwachitsanzo, phunzirani malemba okhawo. Kapena penyani kuyimba, tsogolerani nyimbo, kapena onani momwe Wagner amagwiritsira ntchito luso lake la mawu. Ndipo potsiriza, ndiye phatikizani zonse. Ndikhoza kuchita izi kosatha. Sindikuganiza kuti ndimaliza kugwira ntchito imeneyi.

Wothandizira wina wabwino, malinga ndi nyuzipepala ya ku Germany, anali Placido Domingo wa Waltraud Mayer. Ali mu udindo wa Siegmund, alinso mu gawo la soprano la Sieglinde.

Placido Domingo:

Waltraud lero ndi woimba wa kalasi yapamwamba kwambiri, makamaka mu repertoire German, koma osati. Zokwanira kutchula maudindo ake mu Don Carlos wa Verdi kapena Carmen wa Bizet. Koma talente yake imawululidwa momveka bwino m'mbiri ya Wagnerian, pomwe pali magawo omwe amalembedwa ndi mawu ake, mwachitsanzo, Kundry ku Parsifal kapena Sieglinde ku Valkyrie.

Waltraud zaumwini

Waltraud Maier amakhala ku Munich ndipo amawona kuti mzindawu ndi "wake". Sanakwatiwe ndipo alibe ana.

Mfundo yakuti ntchito ya woimba wa zisudzo inandikhudza kwambiri m’pomveka. Maulendo osatha amatsogolera ku mfundo yakuti ndizovuta kwambiri kukhala ndi maubwenzi apamtima. Koma mwina ndicho chifukwa chake ndimayang'anitsitsa kwambiri izi, chifukwa anzanga amandikhudza kwambiri.

Aliyense amadziwa za moyo waufupi wa akatswiri oimba a Wagnerian. Waltraud wathyola kale zolemba zonse pankhaniyi. Ndipo komabe, polankhula zamtsogolo, mawu achisoni akuwoneka m'mawu ake:

Ndikuganiza kale za nthawi yomwe ndiyenera kuyimba, koma lingaliro ili silikundilemetsa. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti ndidziwe zomwe ndiyenera kuchita tsopano, ntchito yanga ndi chiyani tsopano, ndikuyembekeza kuti tsiku likadzafika ndipo ndidzakakamizika kusiya - pazifukwa zilizonse - ndidzapirira modekha.

Karina Kardasheva, operanews.ru