Alexander Abramovich Chernov |

Alexander Chernov

Chernov - Leningrad kupeka, musicologist, mphunzitsi ndi lecturer. Mawonekedwe ake ndi kusinthasintha komanso kufalikira kwa zokonda, chidwi chamitundu yosiyanasiyana yanyimbo, kuyesetsa mitu yamakono.

Alexander Abramovich Pen (Chernov) anabadwa November 7, 1917 mu Petrograd. Anayamba kupanga nyimbo m'ma 30s, pamene analowa Musical College pa Leningrad Conservatory, koma anali asanasankhe nyimbo monga ntchito yake. Mu 1939, Peng anamaliza maphunziro a Faculty of Chemistry pa yunivesite ya Leningrad ndipo anayamba kugwira ntchito imeneyi, ndipo patapita miyezi ingapo analembedwa usilikali. Anakhala zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi za usilikali ku Far East, chakumapeto kwa 1945 adachotsedwa ntchito ndikubwerera ku Leningrad. Mu 1950 Peng anamaliza maphunziro a Leningrad Conservatory (makasitomala a M. Steinberg, B. Arapov ndi V. Voloshinov). Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, ntchito zosiyanasiyana za nyimbo za Pan zinayamba, kutenga dzina la Chernov ngati wolemba nyimbo wachinyengo pokumbukira apongozi ake M. Chernov, wolemba nyimbo wotchuka wa Leningrad ndi mphunzitsi.

Chernov amatanthawuza mu ntchito yake ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyimbo, akudziwonetsera yekha ngati katswiri wa nyimbo, wolemba mabuku ndi nkhani za nyimbo, monga mphunzitsi waluso ndi mphunzitsi. Wolembayo adatembenukira ku mtundu wa operetta kawiri mu 1953-1960 ("White Nights Street" ndi, pamodzi ndi A. Petrov, "Anakhala Ophunzira Atatu").

Njira ya moyo ya AA Pan (Chernov) inatha pa May 5, 1971. Kuwonjezera pa operettas otchulidwawo, mndandanda wa ntchito zolenga zomwe zinapangidwa zaka makumi awiri ndi zisanu zimaphatikizapo ndakatulo ya symphonic "Danko", opera "First Joys", a. mawu mkombero zochokera ndakatulo Prevert a, ndi ballets "Icarus", "Gadfly", "Optimistic Tragedy" ndi "Izo anaganiza m'mudzi" (awiri otsiriza analembedwa ndi G. Njala), nyimbo, zidutswa zosiyanasiyana ochestra, nyimbo zowonetsera ndi mafilimu, mabuku - "I. Dunayevsky", "Mmene mungamvetsere nyimbo", mitu ya "Musical form", "Pa nyimbo zowala, jazi, kukoma kwabwino" (olemba nawo Bialik), nkhani m'magazini ndi manyuzipepala, ndi zina zotero.

L. Mikheeva, A. Orelovich

Andrei Petrov za Alexander Chernov

M’zaka zoyambirira pambuyo pa nkhondo, ndinaphunzira pa Leningrad Musical College. Ndi Rimsky-Korsakov. Kuphatikiza pa solfeggio ndi mgwirizano, chiphunzitso ndi mbiri ya nyimbo, tidatenga mitu yanthawi zonse: zolemba, algebra, chilankhulo china ...

Mnyamata wina wokongola kwambiri anabwera kudzatiphunzitsa maphunziro a physics. Akutiyang'ana monyoza - oimba amtsogolo, oyimba zemba, oyimba piyano - adalankhula mochititsa chidwi za Einstein, za ma neutroni ndi ma protoni, adajambula mwachangu pa bolodi ndipo, osadalira kwenikweni kumvetsetsa kwathu, chifukwa chokopa kwambiri mafotokozedwe ake, mawu osakanikirana osakanikirana. ndi zanyimbo.

Kenaka ndinamuwona pa siteji ya Small Hall ya Conservatory, akuwerama mwamanyazi pambuyo poimba ndakatulo yake ya symphonic "Danko" - nyimbo yachinyamata komanso yokhudzidwa kwambiri. Ndiyeno, mofanana ndi aliyense amene analipo tsiku limenelo, ndinachita chidwi ndi mawu ake okhudza mtima pa zokambirana za ophunzira zokhudza ntchito ya woimba wachichepere wa ku Soviet. Anali Alexander Chernov.

Chiwonetsero choyamba chokhudza iye, monga munthu wosinthasintha komanso wowonekera bwino m'madera ambiri, sichinali changozi.

Pali oimba omwe adayika luso lawo, kuyesetsa kwawo m'gawo limodzi lazochita, mtundu umodzi waluso, mosadukiza komanso mosalekeza akupanga gawo lililonse la luso lanyimbo. Koma palinso oimba omwe amayesetsa kudziwonetsera okha m'magawo osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu, muzonse zomwe pamapeto pake zimapanga lingaliro la chikhalidwe cha nyimbo. Mtundu uwu wa chilengedwe chonse woyimba kwambiri khalidwe la m'zaka zathu - zaka za lotseguka ndi lakuthwa kulimbana ndi zokongoletsa maudindo, m'ma makamaka anayamba nyimbo ndi omvera kulankhula. Wolemba woteroyo si wolemba nyimbo chabe, komanso wofalitsa, wotsutsa, mphunzitsi, ndi mphunzitsi.

Udindo wa oimba oterowo ndi ukulu wa zomwe achita zitha kumveka powunika ntchito yawo yonse. Nyimbo zaluso mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yanyimbo, mabuku anzeru, ochititsa chidwi, zisudzo zabwino kwambiri pawailesi ndi wailesi yakanema, pamwambo wanyimbo ndi zokambirana zapadziko lonse lapansi - izi ndi zotsatira zomwe munthu angaweruze zomwe Alexander Chernov adakwanitsa kuchita mu moyo wake waufupi ngati woimba.

Masiku ano, sikofunikira kuyesa kudziwa kuti ndi iti mwa madera omwe adachita zambiri: polemba, muzolemba zankhani, kapena muzoimbaimba ndi maphunziro. Komanso, ngakhale nyimbo zapakamwa zopambana kwambiri za oimba, monga nyimbo za Orpheus, zimakhalabe m’chikumbukiro cha amene anazimva. Lero tili ndi ntchito zake: opera, ballets, ndakatulo ya symphonic, kuzungulira kwa mawu, zomwe zinayambitsa moyo ndi dilogy za Fedpn ndi nthano yamasiku ano ya Icarus, Voynich's The Gadfly, Remarque's anti-fascist novels ndi mawu afilosofi a Prevert. Ndipo apa pali mabuku "Momwe mungamvetsere nyimbo", "Pa nyimbo zopepuka, pa jazi, pa kukoma kwabwino", otsala osamalizidwa "Pamtsutso wokhudza nyimbo zamakono". Mu zonsezi, mitu yaluso, zithunzi zomwe zimatisangalatsa kwambiri masiku ano, komanso zovuta zanyimbo ndi zokongola zomwe nthawi zonse zimakhala m'maganizo mwathu. Chernov anali woimba wa mtundu kutchulidwa aluntha. Izi zinaonekera mu utolankhani wake nyimbo, wosiyanitsidwa ndi kuya ndi lakuthwa maganizo ake, ndi ntchito ya wolemba wake, kumene nthawi zonse anatembenukira kwa mabuku kwambiri filosofi. Malingaliro ake ndi zolinga zake nthawi zonse zinali zopeza zosangalatsa, zokhala ndi zatsopano komanso tanthauzo lakuya. Ndi ntchito yake yolenga, iye ankawoneka kuti akutsimikizira mawu a Pushkin kuti lingaliro lopambana ndi theka la nkhondo.

Zonse m'moyo ndi ntchito yake, kudzipatula kunali kwachilendo kwa woimba uyu. Anali wochezeka kwambiri komanso wokonda kucheza ndi anthu. Nthawi zonse ankagwira ntchito m'malo awo ndi kuyesetsa kumadera oimba ndi mitundu, komwe angadalire kuthekera kwakukulu kwa kulankhulana kwa anthu: adalemba zambiri pamasewero ndi mafilimu, adapereka maphunziro, ndi kutenga nawo mbali pazokambirana zosiyanasiyana.

Pofufuza pamodzi, zokambirana, mikangano, Chernov adawotcha moto ndipo adatengedwa. Monga batire, "analipiritsidwa" chifukwa cholankhulana ndi otsogolera ndi olemba ndakatulo, ochita zisudzo ndi oimba. Ndipo mwinamwake izi zikhoza kufotokozanso mfundo yakuti kangapo - mu ballet Icarus, mu operetta Ophunzira Atatu Anakhala, m'buku la On Light Music, Pa Jazz, Pa Kulawa Kwabwino - adalemba nawo pamodzi ndi anzake.

Anali ndi chidwi ndi chirichonse chomwe chimakhala ndi kukondweretsa dziko laluntha la munthu wamakono. Ndipo osati mu nyimbo zokha. Anadziwitsidwa za zomwe zachitika posachedwa mufizikiki, anali ndi chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri cha mabuku (iye mwiniwake adapanga libretto yabwino kwambiri ya opera yake pogwiritsa ntchito buku la K. Fedin), ndipo anali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi mavuto a cinema yamakono.

Chernov adatsata mosamala kwambiri moyo wathu wanyimbo wovuta komanso wosinthika. Nthaŵi zonse ankadera nkhaŵa kwambiri zosoŵa ndi zokonda za okonda nyimbo, makamaka achinyamata. Kuchokera pamitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yanyimbo ndi zochitika, adayesetsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito zonse zomwe adaziwona ngati woimba waku Soviet, zofunika komanso zofunika kwa iye ndi omvera ake. Iye analemba nyimbo za quartet ndi nyimbo, anali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi jazi ndi chikhalidwe cha "bards", ndipo pamapeto pake - ballet "Icarus" - adagwiritsa ntchito njira zina za serial.

Alexander Chernov ndi m'badwo womwewo monga October, ndi zaka mapangidwe, kulimba mtima kwa dziko lathu sakanakhoza koma kukhudza mapangidwe ake boma ndi nyimbo. Ubwana wake udagwirizana ndi zaka za mapulani azaka zisanu zoyambirira, unyamata wake ndi nkhondo. Anayamba moyo wodziimira yekha ngati woimba kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 50, ndipo zonse zomwe adatha kuchita, adazichita zaka makumi awiri okha. Ndipo zonsezi zimadziwika ndi chisindikizo cha malingaliro, talente ndi chilakolako cholenga. M'mabuku ake, Chernov ndi woimba nyimbo. Nyimbo zake ndi zachikondi kwambiri, zithunzi zake zimakongoletsedwa komanso zimamveka. Zambiri mwa zolemba zake zidakutidwa ndi kukhumudwa pang'ono - adawoneka ngati akumva kufooka kwa masiku ake. Iye sanathe kuchita zambiri. Iye anaganiza za symphony, ankafuna kulemba opera wina, ndinalota symphonic ndakatulo wodzipereka kwa Kurchatov.

Nyimbo yake yomaliza, yomwe wangoyamba kumene, inali yachikondi pa mavesi a A. Blok.

… Ndipo mau anali okoma, ndi mtengowo unali wopyapyala, Ndi okwera kokha, pa zitseko zachifumu, Ophatikizidwa mu zinsinsi, mwana analira Kuti palibe amene adzabwerenso.

Chikondi ichi chinali kukhala nyimbo ya Alexander Chernov. Koma ndi mavesi okha omwe adatsalira… Amamveka ngati epitaph yowala kwa woyimba wanzeru komanso waluso.