Ariy Moiseevich Pazovsky |

Ariy Pazovsky

Wochititsa Soviet, People's Artist wa USSR (1940), wopambana mphoto zitatu za Stalin (1941, 1942, 1943). Pazovsky adagwira ntchito yayikulu pakukula kwa zisudzo za nyimbo zaku Russia ndi Soviet. Moyo wake wolenga ndi chitsanzo chowonekera chautumiki wodzipereka ku luso lake lachibadwidwe. Pazovsky anali wojambula wowona waluso, nthawi zonse amakhalabe wowona kumalingaliro aukadaulo weniweni.

Wophunzira wa Leopold Auer, Pazovsky anayamba ntchito yake yojambula ngati woyimba violini wa virtuoso, akuchita zoimbaimba atamaliza maphunziro ake ku St. Wothandizira kondakitala ku Yekaterinburg Opera House. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, pafupifupi zaka 1904, zochita zake zakhala zikugwirizana ndi luso la zisudzo.

Ngakhale pamaso pa October Revolution Pazovsky anatsogolera makampani ambiri zisudzo. Kwa nyengo ziwiri anali wotsogolera wa opera S. Zimin ku Moscow (1908-1910), ndiyeno - Kharkov, Odessa, Kyiv. Malo ofunikira mu mbiri ya woimbayo amatanganidwa ndi ntchito yake yotsatira mu Petrograd People's House. Apa analankhula zambiri ndi Chaliapin. Pazovsky anati: "Kukambirana mozama ndi Chaliapin, kuphunzira mozama za luso lake, molimbikitsidwa ndi nyimbo za anthu a ku Russia komanso miyambo yeniyeni ya nyimbo za ku Russia, potsirizira pake kunandikhutiritsa kuti palibe siteji yomwe iyenera kusokoneza kuyimba kokongola, ndiko kuti, nyimbo. …»

Talente ya Pazovsky idawululidwa mwamphamvu pambuyo pa Great October Revolution. Iye anachita zambiri kwa mapangidwe Chiyukireniya makampani opera, anali kondakitala wamkulu wa Leningrad Opera ndi Ballet Theatre dzina la SM Kirov (1936-1943), ndiye kwa zaka zisanu - wotsogolera luso ndi wochititsa wamkulu wa Bolshoi Theatre wa USSR. . (Zisanachitike, adachita zisudzo ku Bolshoi Theatre mu 1923-1924 komanso mu 1925-1928.)

Izi ndi zomwe K. Kondrashin akunena za Pazovsky: "Mukafunsa momwe mungafotokozere mwachidule za kulenga kwa Pazovsky, ndiye kuti mutha kuyankha: ukatswiri wapamwamba kwambiri komanso kufunitsitsa kwa inu nokha ndi ena. Pali nkhani zodziwika bwino za momwe Pazovsky adathamangitsira ojambula kuti atope ndi zofuna za "nthawi" yabwino. Panthawiyi, pochita izi, adapeza ufulu waukulu kwambiri wolenga, popeza nkhani zaumisiri zidakhala zopepuka ndipo sizinatenge chidwi cha wojambula. Pazovsky ankakonda ndipo ankadziwa kubwereza. Ngakhale pakubwereza kwa zana, adapeza mawu azofuna zatsopano zamitundu yamaganizidwe ndi malingaliro. Ndipo chofunika kwambiri chinali chakuti sanatembenukire kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zida m'manja mwawo, koma kwa ojambula: malangizo ake onse nthawi zonse amatsatiridwa ndi kulungamitsidwa kwamalingaliro ... Pazovsky ndi mphunzitsi wa gulu lonse la oimba a kalasi yapamwamba kwambiri. Preobrazhenskaya, Nelepp, Kashevarova, Yashugiya, Freidkov, Verbitskaya ndi ena ambiri ali ndi udindo wopanga luso lawo chifukwa chogwira naye ntchito ...

Inde, masewero a Pazovsky nthawi zonse anakhala chochitika mu moyo waluso wa dziko. Zakale zaku Russia zili pakati pa chidwi chake: Ivan Susanin, Ruslan ndi Lyudmila, Boris Godunov, Khovanshchina, Prince Igor, Sadko, Mtsikana wa Pskov, Snow Maiden, Mfumukazi ya Spades, "Eugene Onegin", "The Enchantress", " Mazeppa” … Nthawi zambiri izi zinali zopanga zachitsanzo! Pamodzi ndi akale achi Russia ndi akunja, Pazovsky adapereka mphamvu zambiri ku zisudzo za Soviet. Kotero, mu 1937 adapanga "Battleship Potemkin" ya O. Chishko, ndipo mu 1942 - "Emelyan Pugachev" ndi M. Koval.

Pazovsky ntchito ndipo analenga moyo wake wonse ndi cholinga osowa ndi kudzipereka. Ndi matenda aakulu okha amene akanamuchotsa pa ntchito imene ankaikonda kwambiri. Koma ngakhale zinali choncho sanafooke. M'zaka zomalizira za moyo wake Pazovsky anagwira ntchito m'buku limene mozama ndi momveka bwino anaulula zenizeni za ntchito ya wochititsa opera. Buku la mbuye zodabwitsa kumathandiza mibadwo yatsopano ya oimba kuyenda pa njira ya luso zenizeni, zimene Pazovsky anali wokhulupirika moyo wake wonse.

Lit.: Pazovsky A. Conductor ndi woimba. M. 1959; Zolemba za Kondakitala. M., 1966.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek