Boston Symphony Orchestra |

Boston Symphony Orchestra

Imodzi mwa oimba akale kwambiri a symphony ku United States. Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1881 ndi woyang'anira G. Lee Higginson. Oimba oimbawo anaphatikizapo oimba oyenerera ochokera ku Austria ndi Germany (poyamba anali oimba 60, pambuyo pake pafupifupi 100). Konsati yoyamba ya Boston Symphony Orchestra motsogoleredwa ndi wotsogolera G. Henschel inachitika mu 1881 ku Boston Music Hall. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19 The Boston Symphony Orchestra inatsogoleredwa ndi otsogolera otsatirawa: V. Guericke (1884-89; 1898-1906), A. Nikish (1889-93), E. Paur (1893-98). Kuyambira 1900, gulu la oimba lakhala likuimba nthawi zonse mu Symphony Hall. Chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa luso la Boston Symphony Orchestra chinali ntchito ya K. Mook, yemwe adatsogolera gululo mu 1906-18 (ndi kupuma; mu 1908-12 wotsogolera nyimbo M. Fidler). Pambuyo pa imfa ya Higginson, yemwe adathandizira ntchito za okhestra, Bungwe la Matrasti linakhazikitsidwa. Mu nyengo ya 1918-19, Boston Symphony Orchestra idachita pansi pa mkono. A. Rabo, adalowedwa m'malo ndi P. Monteux (1919-24), yemwe adawonjezeranso nyimbo za okhestra makamaka ndi nyimbo zamakono zachifalansa.

Kupambana kwa Boston Symphony Orchestra kumalumikizidwa ndi SA Koussevitsky, yemwe adatsogolera zaka 25 (1924-49). Iye anavomereza mbali khalidwe la oimba nyimbo kalembedwe, anayambitsa ntchito zambiri za nyimbo Russian mu repertoire. (The Boston Symphony Orchestra ndi mmodzi mwa omasulira oyambirira a ntchito ya PI Tchaikovsky ku USA). Poyambitsa Koussevitzky, Boston Symphony Orchestra kwa nthawi yoyamba inagwira ntchito zingapo za olemba amakono - SS Prokofiev, A. Honegger, P. Hindemith, IF Stravinsky, B. Bartok, DD Shostakovich, komanso olemba a ku America - A. Copland, W. Piston, W. Shumen ndi ena. Koussevitzky adakonza Chikondwerero cha Berkshire cha milungu isanu ndi umodzi ku Tanglewood (Massachusetts), komwe Boston Symphony Orchestra idachita. Mu 1949-62 okhestra ankatsogoleredwa ndi S. Munsch, adasinthidwa ndi E. Leinsdorf (kuyambira 1962). Kuyambira 1969, Boston Symphony Orchestra yakhala ikutsogoleredwa ndi W. Steinberg. Otsogolera akuluakulu a mayiko osiyanasiyana - E. Ansermet, B. Walter, G. Wood, A. Casella ndi ena, komanso olemba nyimbo - AK Glazunov, V. d'Andy, R. Strauss, D. Milhaud , O. Respighi , M. Ravel, SS Prokofiev ndi ena.

Nyengo ya Boston Symphony Orchestra imayamba kuyambira Okutobala mpaka pakati pa Ogasiti chaka chilichonse ndipo imaphatikizapo ma concert opitilira 70. Nthawi zonse (kuyambira 1900) ma concert a chilimwe amachitika, otchedwa. Boston Pops, yokhala ndi pafupifupi. Oimba 50 a gulu la oimba (kuyambira 1930 A. Fidler anatsogolera mapulogalamu otchukawa). The Boston Symphony Orchestra imakhalanso ndi ma concert angapo m'mizinda ikuluikulu ya US, ndipo yayendera kunja kuyambira 1952 (ku USSR mu 1956).

MM Yakovlev

Otsogolera oimba a orchestra:

1881-1884 – George Henschel 1884-1889 – Wilhelm Guericke 1889-1893 – Arthur Nikisch 1893-1898 – Emil Paur 1898-1906 – Wilhelm Guericke 1906-1908-1908 – 1912 – 1912 – 1918 – 1918 – 1919 – 1919 – 1924 – 1924 – 1949 – 1949 – 196 – 1962 – 1969 – 1969 – 1972 – 1973 2002 – 2004 2011 - Henri Rabaud 2014-XNUMX - Pierre Monteux XNUMX-XNUMX - Sergei Koussevitzky XNUMX-XNUMX - Charles Munch XNUMX-XNUMX - Erich Leinsdorf XNUMX-XNUMX - William Steijinberg XNUMX OXNUMX Leviris XNUMX - Nelson XNUMX Leviris XNUMX