Daniel Barenboim |

Daniel Barenboim

Tsopano nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti woyimba kapena woyimba wodziwika bwino, kufunafuna kukulitsa mtundu wake, amatembenukira kukuchita, ndikupangitsa kukhala ntchito yake yachiwiri. Koma pali zochitika zochepa pamene woimba kuyambira ali wamng'ono amadziwonetsera nthawi imodzi m'madera angapo. Mmodzi yekha ndi Daniel Barenboim. Iye anati: “Ndikaimba ngati woimba piyano, ndimayesetsa kuona gulu la oimba mu piyano, ndipo nditaima pabwalo la oimba, kwa ine gulu loimba limaoneka ngati limba.” Zowonadi, ndizovuta kunena zomwe ali ndi ngongole zambiri zakukwera kwake kwa meteoric komanso kutchuka kwake komweko.

Mwachibadwa, piyano inalipobe isanayambe kuyimba. Makolo, aphunzitsi okha (ochokera ku Russia) anayamba kuphunzitsa mwana wake kuyambira zaka zisanu ku Buenos Aires kwawo, kumene iye anaonekera koyamba pa siteji pa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Ndipo mu 1952, Daniel anachita kale ndi Mozarteum Orchestra ku Salzburg, kuimba Bach's Concerto mu D wamng'ono. Mnyamatayo anali ndi mwayi: adatengedwa motsogoleredwa ndi Edwin Fischer, yemwe adamulangiza kuti ayambe kuyendetsa panjira. Kuyambira 1956, woimba ankakhala mu London, nthawi zonse anachita kumeneko monga woimba piyano, anapanga maulendo angapo, analandira mphoto pa mpikisano D. Viotti ndi A. Casella mu Italy. Panthawi imeneyi, adatenga maphunziro a Igor Markovich, Josef Krips ndi Nadia Boulanger, koma bambo ake anakhalabe yekha mphunzitsi wa piyano kwa moyo wake wonse.

Kale kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 60, mwanjira ina mosadziwika bwino, koma mofulumira kwambiri, nyenyezi ya Barenboim inayamba kukwera pamphepete mwa nyimbo. Amapereka zoimbaimba monga woyimba piyano komanso ngati wotsogolera, amalemba nyimbo zingapo zabwino kwambiri, zomwe, ndithudi, makonsati onse asanu a Beethoven ndi Fantasia a piyano, kwaya ndi okhestra adakopa chidwi kwambiri. Zowona, makamaka chifukwa Otto Klemperer anali kumbuyo kwa console. Unali ulemu waukulu kwa woyimba piyano wachinyamatayo, ndipo anachita chilichonse kuti apirire ntchitoyo. Komabe, mu kujambula uku, umunthu wa Klemperer, malingaliro ake akuluakulu amalamulira; woimbira payekha, monga momwe ananenera mmodzi wa otsutsawo, “anangopanga zomangira zoyera bwino mwa limba.” "Sizikudziwikiratu chifukwa chake Klemperer amafunikira piyano mu kujambula uku," wowunika wina adanyoza.

Mwachidule, woimba wachinyamatayo anali adakali kutali ndi kukhwima kwa kulenga. Komabe, otsutsa adapereka ulemu osati ku luso lake lanzeru, "ngale" yeniyeni, komanso kutanthawuza ndi kufotokozera kwa mawu, tanthauzo la malingaliro ake. Kutanthauzira kwake kwa Mozart, ndi kuzama kwake, kunadzutsa luso la Clara Haskil, ndipo umuna wa masewerawo unamupangitsa kuona Beethovenist wabwino kwambiri. Panthawi imeneyo (January-February 1965), Barenboim adayenda ulendo wautali, pafupifupi mwezi umodzi kuzungulira USSR, womwe unachitikira ku Moscow, Leningrad, Vilnius, Yalta ndi mizinda ina. Iye anachita Beethoven's Third and Fifth Concertos, Brahms' First, ntchito zazikulu za Beethoven, Schumann, Schubert, Brahms, ndi Chopin. Koma zidachitika kuti ulendowu sunadziwike - ndiye Barenboim anali asanazungulidwe ndi kuwala kwaulemerero ...

Kenako ntchito yoimba piyano ya Barenboim inayamba kuchepa. Kwa zaka zingapo iye pafupifupi sanasewere, kuthera nthawi yake yochuluka kuchititsa, iye anatsogolera English Chamber Orchestra. Iye anakwanitsa otsiriza osati kutonthoza, komanso chida, atachita, mwa ntchito zina, pafupifupi ma concerto onse a Mozart. Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 70, kuchita ndi kuimba limba wakhala ndi malo pafupifupi ofanana mu ntchito zake. Iye amachita pa kutonthoza kwa oimba bwino mu dziko, kwa nthawi ndithu amatsogolera Paris Symphony Orchestra ndi, pamodzi ndi izi, ntchito kwambiri monga woyimba piyano. Tsopano iye anasonkhanitsa repertoire lalikulu, kuphatikizapo concertos onse ndi sonatas Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms, ntchito zambiri Liszt, Mendelssohn, Chopin, Schumann. Tiyeni tiwonjeze kuti anali mmodzi mwa oimba oyambirira achilendo a Prokofiev's Ninth Sonata, adalemba nyimbo ya violin ya Beethoven mu ndondomeko ya limba ya wolemba (iye mwiniyo anali kuyendetsa gulu la oimba).

Barenboim nthawi zonse amachita ngati wosewera pamodzi ndi Fischer-Dieskau, woimba Baker, kwa zaka zingapo adasewera ndi mkazi wake, Jacqueline Dupré (yemwe wasiya siteji chifukwa cha matenda), komanso atatu ndi iye ndi violinist P. Zuckerman. Chochitika chodziwika bwino m'moyo wamakonsati ku London chinali kuzungulira kwa ma concerts a mbiri yakale "Masterpieces of Piano Music" yoperekedwa ndi iye kuchokera ku Mozart kupita ku Liszt (nyengo 1979/80). Zonsezi mobwerezabwereza zimatsimikizira mbiri yapamwamba ya wojambulayo. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, pamakhalabe kumverera kwa mtundu wina wa kusakhutira, mwayi wosagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amasewera ngati woyimba wabwino komanso woyimba piyano wabwino kwambiri, amaganiza "monga wowongolera piyano", koma kusewera kwake kulibe mpweya, mphamvu yokopa yofunikira kwa woyimba yekhayo wamkulu, inde, ngati muyandikira ndi ndodo. talente yodabwitsa ya woyimba uyu ikuwonetsa. Zikuwoneka kuti ngakhale lero talente yake imalonjeza okonda nyimbo kuposa momwe amaperekera, makamaka pankhani ya piyano. Mwina lingaliro ili linangolimbikitsidwa ndi mikangano yatsopano pambuyo pa ulendo waposachedwapa wa wojambula ku USSR, onse ndi mapulogalamu a solo komanso mutu wa Paris Orchestra.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990