Kemanchi history

Kemancha - chida choimbira cha zingwe. Mbiri yake ya maonekedwe chikugwirizana ndi mayiko ambiri: Azerbaijan, Greece, Armenia, Dagestan, Georgia, Iran ndi ena. M'mayiko a Middle and Near East, kemancha amaonedwa ngati chida choimbira dziko.

Ancestor - Persian kemancha

Kemancha ya Perisiya imatengedwa kuti ndi yakale kwambiri, kholo la mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kemancha. Liwu lakuti “kemancha” lotembenuzidwa kuchokera ku chinenero cha Perisiya limatanthauza “chiwiya chaching’ono choweramira.” Kemancha m'chinenero cha Perisiya ankawoneka motere: khosi lamatabwa la mawonekedwe owongoka kapena ozungulira, phokoso lopangidwa ndi nsomba zopyapyala, khungu la njoka kapena chikhodzodzo cha ng'ombe, uta wooneka ngati anyezi wokhala ndi ubweya wa akavalo. Kemanchi ikhoza kukhala yosiyana mosiyanasiyana kutengera dziko lomwe adachokera. Ku Armenia, makamaka zingwe zinayi, zingwe zitatu ku Turkey, zingwe ziwiri pakati pa Kurds, pali ngakhale zida zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Ancestor wochokera ku Armenia

Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa kemancha kudayamba m'zaka za zana la XNUMX ndi XNUMX, pomwe pakufukula kwa mzinda wakale waku Armenia ku Dvina, mbale yokhala ndi chithunzi cha woyimba wokhala ndi kemancha m'manja idapezeka. Zinakhala zomveka, mpaka nthawi imeneyo, kubadwa kwa chidacho kunali m'zaka za XII-XIII. Kemancha yakale kwambiri inali ndi chothandizira ndi chala chachitali, chingwe chimodzi chokha. Pambuyo pake, zina ziwiri zinawonjezeredwa, ndipo chida chamakono chili ndi zingwe zinayi. Chiwopsezo cha kutchuka kwa ma kemanches aku Armenia chikugwera m'zaka za zana la XNUMX-XNUMX.

Turkey Kemenche

Ku Turkey, palinso kholo - uyu ndi Kemeche. Thupi looneka ngati peyala, lodulidwa motalika, 10-15 cm mulifupi, 40-41 cm. Woyimbayo akugwira kemeche molunjika, koma amasewera ndi zikhadabo osati nsonga za zala.

Lyra amachokera ku Byzantium

Nyimbo za Pontic zimachokera ku Byzantium. Palibe zenizeni zenizeni za nthawi yoyambira, akuganiza kuti izi ndi zaka za 1920th-XNUMXth. AD Chidacho chinagawidwa m'mphepete mwa Nyanja Yakuda. Panthawi ya Ufumu wa Ottoman, lira ya Perisiya inalandira dzina lachiwiri "kemenche". Mpaka zaka za zana la XNUMX, idaseweredwa ku Turkey, kumwera kwa Russia, ndipo kenako ku Greece. Achibale a lyre ya Pontic ali ngati botolo, ali ndi resonator yopapatiza komanso khosi lalitali. Thupi la monolithic limapangidwa ndi hornbeam, maula kapena mabulosi, pamwamba pake amapangidwa ndi paini. Mpaka XNUMX, zingwezo zidapangidwa ndi silika, phokosolo linali lofooka, koma lomveka. Woimbayo ankasewera atakhala kapena kuimirira, nthawi zambiri pagulu la akatswiri ovina.

Azerbaijani kamancha

Chida cha Azerbaijani chili ndi thupi, khosi ndi spire. Chidacho chimapangidwa pamakina apadera. Chisamaliro chachikulu chimaperekedwa kumtunda pakati pa fretboard ndi zingwe.

Tanthauzo la kemancha m'mbiri ya nyimbo zakummawa

Kemancha ndiyabwino kupanga nyimbo zokha komanso zophatikiza. M'nthawi ya Soviet, chidachi chinkagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakonsati a pop. Masiku ano, kemancha imakondedwa kwambiri ndi akatswiri oimba nyimbo.