Francesco Paolo Tosti |

Francesco Paolo Tosti

Wolemba nyimbo wa ku Italy Francesco Paolo Tosti ndi nkhani ya chikondi cha nthawi yaitali, mwinamwake kale chamuyaya cha oimba ndi okonda nyimbo. Pulogalamu ya konsati yapayekha ya nyenyezi nthawi zambiri imasowa Marechiare or Mbandakucha umalekanitsa mthunzi ndi kuwala, machitidwe apamwamba a chikondi cha Tosti amatsimikizira kubangula kwachidwi kuchokera kwa omvera, ndipo palibe chonena za ma disks. Nyimbo za mbuyeyo zinajambulidwa ndi oimba onse odziwika bwino popanda kusiyanitsa.

Sichoncho ndi kutsutsa nyimbo. Pakati pa nkhondo ziwiri zapadziko lonse, "gurus" awiri a nyimbo za ku Italy, Andrea Della Corte ndi Guido Pannen, adasindikiza buku lakuti History of Music, momwe, kuchokera kuzinthu zonse zazikulu kwambiri za Tosti (zaka zaposachedwa, nyumba yosindikizira ya Ricordi yasindikizidwa. mndandanda wathunthu wanyimbo zachikondi zamawu ndi piyano m'mavoliyumu khumi ndi anayi (!)) opulumutsidwa motsimikiza kuti asaiwale nyimbo imodzi yokha, yomwe tatchula kale ndi ife. Marechiare. Chitsanzo cha ambuye chinatsatiridwa ndi anzake omwe sali odziwika bwino: olemba onse a nyimbo za salon, olemba zachikondi ndi nyimbo adanyozedwa moona mtima, ngati osati kunyozedwa. Onsewo anaiwalidwa.

Aliyense kupatula Tostya. Kuchokera ku salons olemekezeka, nyimbo zake zidasunthira bwino m'malo ochitirako konsati. Posachedwapa, kutsutsa kwakukulu kunalankhulanso za wolemba kuchokera ku Abruzzo: mu 1982, mumzinda wakwawo wa Ortona (chigawo cha Chieti), National Institute of Tosti inakhazikitsidwa, yomwe imaphunzira cholowa chake.

Francesco Paolo Tosti anabadwa pa April 9, 1846. Ku Ortona, kunali tchalitchi chakale ku Cathedral ya San Tommaso. Kumeneko Tosti anayamba kuphunzira nyimbo. Mu 1858, ali ndi zaka khumi, adalandira maphunziro achifumu a Bourbon, omwe adamuthandiza kupitiriza maphunziro ake pa Conservatory yotchuka ya San Pietro a Majella ku Naples. Aphunzitsi ake omwe adalembapo anali ambuye odziwika bwino a nthawi yawo: Carlo Conti ndi Saverio Mercadante. Munthu wodziwika bwino wa moyo wa Conservatory ndiye anali "maestrino" - ophunzira omwe adachita bwino mu sayansi ya nyimbo, omwe adapatsidwa udindo wophunzitsa achichepere. Francesco Paolo Tosti anali mmodzi wa iwo. Mu 1866, iye analandira dipuloma monga woyimba zeze ndipo anabwerera kwawo Ortona, kumene anatenga malo a wotsogolera nyimbo chapel.

Mu 1870, Tosti anafika ku Rome, kumene kudziwana ndi wolemba nyimbo Giovanni Sgambati anamutsegulira zitseko za salons nyimbo ndi apamwamba. Mu likulu la Italy latsopano, wogwirizana, Tosti mwamsanga anapeza kutchuka monga mlembi wa zokometsera zachikondi salon, amene nthawi zambiri ankaimba, kutsagana yekha pa limba, ndi mphunzitsi woimba. Banja lachifumu limagonjeranso kuti maestro apambane. Tosti amakhala mphunzitsi woyimba khothi kwa Mfumukazi Margherita wa Savoy, Mfumukazi yamtsogolo ya Italy.

Mu 1873, mgwirizano wake ndi nyumba yosindikizira ya Ricordi imayamba, yomwe pambuyo pake idzafalitsa pafupifupi ntchito zonse za Tosti; patatha zaka ziwiri, Maestro amapita ku England kwa nthawi yoyamba, komwe amadziwika bwino osati nyimbo zake zokha, komanso luso la aphunzitsi ake. Kuyambira 1875, Tosti wakhala akuchita pano chaka ndi zoimbaimba, ndipo mu 1880 anasamukira ku London. Sanapatsidwe kalikonse kuposa maphunziro a mawu a ana aakazi awiri a Mfumukazi Victoria a Mary ndi Beatrix, komanso ma Duchess a Tack ndi Alben. Amakwaniritsanso bwino ntchito za wokonza madzulo a nyimbo za khothi: zolemba za mfumukazi zimakhala ndi matamando ambiri kwa maestro a ku Italy, ponseponse komanso ngati woimba.

Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1880, Tosti sanadutse zaka makumi anayi, ndipo kutchuka kwake sadziwa malire. Chikondi chilichonse chosindikizidwa chimapambana pompopompo. "Londoner" kuchokera ku Abruzzo saiwala za dziko lake: nthawi zambiri amapita ku Rome, Milan, Naples, komanso Francavilla, tauni ya Chieti. Nyumba yake ku Francavilla imayendera Gabriele D'Annunzio, Matilde Serao, Eleonora Duse.

Ku London, amakhala "woyang'anira" wa anthu ammudzi omwe akufuna kulowa m'malo oimba a Chingerezi: pakati pawo ndi Pietro Mascagni, Ruggiero Leoncavallo, Giacomo Puccini.

Kuyambira 1894, Tosti wakhala pulofesa ku London Royal Academy of Music. Mu 1908, "Nyumba ya Ricordi" imakondwerera zaka 112 za kukhazikitsidwa kwake, ndipo zolembazo, zomwe zimatsiriza zaka zana za ntchito ya nyumba yosindikizira ya Milanese pa nambala XNUMX, ndi "Nyimbo za Amaranta" - zokonda zinayi za Tosti pa ndakatulo. by D'Annunzio. M'chaka chomwecho, Mfumu Edward VII amapereka Tosti udindo wa baronet.

Mu 1912, Maestro anabwerera kwawo, zaka zomaliza za moyo wake kupita ku Excelsior Hotel ku Rome. Francesco Paolo Tosti anamwalira ku Rome pa December 2, 1916.

Kulankhula za Tostya kokha ngati mlembi wa nyimbo zosaiŵalika, zenizeni zamatsenga, kamodzi kokha kulowa mu mtima wa omvera, kumatanthauza kumupatsa ulemu umodzi wokha umene anapambana moyenerera. Wolemba nyimboyo anali ndi malingaliro olowa mkati komanso kuzindikira bwino lomwe luso lake. Sanalembe zisudzo, akumangokhalira mbali ya luso la mawu a chipinda. Koma monga mlembi wa nyimbo ndi zachikondi, anakhala wosaiŵalika. Iwo anamubweretsera iye kutchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Nyimbo za Tostya zimadziwika ndi chiyambi chowala cha dziko, kuphweka, kulemekezeka ndi kukongola kwa kalembedwe. Imasunga mwa iwo okha mawonekedwe a mlengalenga wa nyimbo ya Neapolitan, kukhumudwa kwake kozama. Kuphatikiza pa chithumwa chosaneneka cha nyimbo, ntchito za Tosti zimasiyanitsidwa ndi chidziwitso chodziwika bwino cha kuthekera kwa mawu amunthu, chibadwa, chisomo, kusanja kodabwitsa kwa nyimbo ndi mawu, komanso kukoma kosangalatsa pakusankha zolemba ndakatulo. Anapanga zibwenzi zambiri mogwirizana ndi olemba ndakatulo otchuka a ku Italy, Tosti analembanso nyimbo zachi French ndi Chingerezi. Olemba ena, a m'nthawi yake, amasiyana m'mabuku angapo oyambirira ndipo kenako anabwereza okha, pamene nyimbo za Tostya, mlembi wa mabuku khumi ndi anayi a chikondi, zimakhalabe pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri. Ngale imodzi imatsatira inzake.