Luciano Berio |

Luciano Berio

Wolemba nyimbo waku Italy, wochititsa komanso mphunzitsi. Pamodzi ndi Boulez ndi Stockhausen, ali m'gulu la oimba ofunika kwambiri a avant-garde a pambuyo pa nkhondo.

Anabadwa mu 1925 m'banja la oimba mu mzinda wa Imperia (Liguria dera). Nkhondo itatha, adaphunzira nyimbo ku Milan Conservatory ndi Giulio Cesare Paribeni ndi Giorgio Federico Ghedini, komanso kuchita ndi Carlo Maria Giulini. Pamene ankagwira ntchito ngati woyimba piyano-wothandizira makalasi oimba, anakumana ndi Katie Berberian, woimba wa ku America wochokera ku Armenian wokhala ndi mawu osiyanasiyana modabwitsa, yemwe ankadziwa njira zosiyanasiyana zoimbira. Anakhala mkazi woyamba wa woimbayo, mawu ake apadera adamulimbikitsa kuti afufuze molimba mtima mu nyimbo za mawu. Mu 1951 adapita ku USA, komwe adaphunzira ku Tanglewood Music Center ndi Luigi Dallapiccola, yemwe adadzutsa chidwi cha Berio ku New Vienna School ndi dodecaphony. Mu 1954-59. adapita ku maphunziro a Darmstadt, komwe adakumana ndi Boulez, Stockhausen, Kagel, Ligeti ndi olemba ena a achinyamata a ku Europe avant-garde. Posakhalitsa, adachoka ku Darmstadt technocracy; ntchito yake inayamba kukula mu malangizo a experimental theatrics, neo-folklorism, chikoka cha surrealism, zopusa ndi structuralism anayamba kuwonjezeka mu izo - makamaka, olemba ndi oganiza monga James Joyce, Samuel Beckett, Claude Levi-Strauss, Umberto. Eco. Kutenga nyimbo zamagetsi, mu 1955 Berio adayambitsa Studio of Musical Phonology ku Milan, komwe adayitana olemba otchuka, makamaka, John Cage ndi Henri Pousseur. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, anayamba kusindikiza magazini yokhudzana ndi nyimbo zamagetsi zotchedwa "Musical Meetings" (Incontri Musicali).

Mu 1960 adachokanso kupita ku USA, komwe adakhala koyamba "wolemba nyimbo" ku Tanglewood ndipo nthawi yomweyo adaphunzitsa ku Dartington International Summer School (1960-62), kenako adaphunzitsa ku Mills College ku Oakland, California (1962). -65), ndipo pambuyo pa Izi - ku Juilliard School ku New York (1965-72), komwe adayambitsa Juilliard Ensemble (Juilliard Ensemble) wa nyimbo zamakono. Mu 1968, Symphony ya Berio inayamba ku New York ndi kupambana kwakukulu. Mu 1974-80 adatsogolera dipatimenti ya nyimbo za electro-acoustic ku Paris Institute for Research and Coordination of Acoustics and Music (IRCAM), yomwe inakhazikitsidwa ndi Boulez. Mu 1987 adakhazikitsa malo oimba omwewo ku Florence otchedwa Real Time (Tempo Reale). Mu 1993-94 adapereka nkhani zingapo ku yunivesite ya Harvard, ndipo mu 1994-2000 anali "wodziwika bwino wopeka m'nyumba" ya yunivesite iyi. Mu 2000, Berio adakhala Purezidenti ndi Superintendent wa National Academy of Santa Cecilia ku Rome. Mu mzinda uwu, wolemba anafa mu 2003.

Nyimbo za Berio zimadziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosakanikirana, kuphatikizapo zinthu zonse za atonal ndi neotonal, quotation ndi collage njira. Anaphatikiza zida zoimbira ndi maphokoso apakompyuta komanso mawu amunthu, m'ma 1960 adayesetsa kuchita masewera oyesera. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mchikakamizo cha Levi-Strauss, iye anatembenukira kwa nthano: zotsatira za chizolowezi anali "Folk Songs" (1964), lolembedwa Berberyan. Mtundu wosiyana wofunikira mu ntchito ya Berio unali mndandanda wa "Sequences" (Sequenza), iliyonse yomwe inalembedwa ndi chida chimodzi chokha (kapena mawu - monga Sequenza III, adapangidwira Berberian). Mwa iwo, wolembayo amaphatikiza malingaliro atsopano opangira ndi njira zatsopano zosewerera pazida izi. Monga Stockhausen adapanga "makibodi" ake m'moyo wake wonse, Berio adapanga 1958 ntchito zamtundu uwu kuyambira 2002 mpaka 14, zomwe zikuwonetsa nthawi yake yonse yolenga.

Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1970, kalembedwe ka Berio kakhala kakusintha: zinthu zowonetsera ndi mphuno zikukulirakulira mu nyimbo zake. Pambuyo pake, woimbayo adadzipereka yekha ku opera. Chofunika kwambiri mu ntchito yake ndi makonzedwe a olemba ena - kapena nyimbo zomwe amalowa mu zokambirana ndi nyimbo za anthu ena. Berio ndiye mlembi wazoyimba ndi zolembedwa ndi Monteverdi, Boccherini, Manuel de Falla, Kurt Weill. Ali ndi matembenuzidwe omaliza a opera a Mozart (Zaida) ndi Puccini's (Turandot), komanso "kambirano" yochokera pazidutswa za nyimbo zoyambira koma zosamalizidwa mochedwa Schubert mu D lalikulu (DV 936A) yotchedwa "Reduction" (Rendering, 1990).

Mu 1966 adalandira Mphotho ya Italy, kenako - Order of Merit of the Italian Republic. Anali membala wolemekezeka wa Royal Academy of Music (London, 1988), membala wolemekezeka wakunja wa American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1994), wopambana wa Ernst von Siemens Music Prize (1989).

Chitsime: meloman.ru