Margarita Alekseevna Fedorova |

Margarita Fedorova

Mu 1972, chikondwerero cha 100th cha kubadwa kwa Scriabin chinakondwerera. Pakati pa zochitika zambiri zaluso zoperekedwa kwa tsikuli, chidwi cha okonda nyimbo chinakopeka ndi kuzungulira kwa madzulo a Scriabin mu Nyumba Yaing'ono ya Moscow Conservatory. M'mapulogalamu asanu ndi limodzi amphamvu, Margarita Fedorova adachita zonse (!) nyimbo za wopeka kwambiri waku Russia. Ntchito zomwe sizimawonekeranso m'gulu la konsati zidachitidwanso pano - mitu yopitilira 200 yonse! Mogwirizana ndi kuzungulira kumeneku, IF Belza analemba m’nyuzipepala ya Pravda kuti: “Kukumbukira kodabwitsa, njira yabwino kwambiri, yopangidwa momveka bwino ndiponso luso laluso losaoneka bwino, zinam’thandiza kumvetsa ndi kusonyeza kulemekezeka, kulemerera maganizo kwa ntchito ya Scriabin, ndiponso panthaŵi yomweyo. nthawi zovuta kufufuza ndi chiyambi, kotero kusiyanitsa izo mu mbiri ya luso nyimbo. Masewero a Margarita Fedorova amachitira umboni osati luso lapamwamba, komanso luntha lakuya, lomwe linalola woimba limba kuwulula kusinthasintha kwa woimba wanzeru ... ". Margarita Fedorova akuwonetsa makhalidwe onse omwe amadziwika ndi akatswiri oimba nyimbo za Soviet m'zinthu zina.

Wojambulayo amaganiziranso kwambiri ntchito ya Bach: repertoire yake imaphatikizapo ma concerto onse a Clavier wa wolemba nyimbo, komanso amachitanso ntchito zake pa harpsichord. Fedorova anati: “Ndinachita chidwi ndi kuimba kwa zeze kalekale pamene ndinachita nawo mpikisano wa Bach ku Leipzig. Zinkawoneka zosangalatsa komanso zomveka zomveka bwino za ntchito zazikulu pachiyambi. Ndinayamba kuphunzira ndekha chida chatsopano, ndipo popeza ndinachidziwa bwino, ndimasewera nyimbo za JS Bach pa harpsichord yokha. Kale madzulo oyambirira a zisudzo mu udindo watsopanowu adabweretsa mayankho abwino. Kotero, A. Maykapar adawona kukula kwa kusewera kwake, kumveka bwino kwa ndondomeko yowonetsera, kujambula bwino kwa mizere ya polyphonic. Beethoven samayimiridwanso kwambiri m'mapulogalamu ake - ma sonata onse ndi ma concerto onse a piyano! Ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, amadziwitsa omvera omwe sanachitepo ntchito za Beethoven, mwachitsanzo, Zosiyanasiyana Khumi pa mutu wa duet "La stessa, la stessissima" kuchokera ku opera ya Salieri "Falstaff". Chikhumbo chofuna kupanga mapulogalamu apamwamba ("Piano Fantasies", "Variations"), kuwonetsa monographic ya ntchito ya olemba akale ("Schubert", "Chopin", "Prokofiev", "Liszt", "Schumann") ndi olemba Soviet zambiri ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zosiyana za maonekedwe luso Fedorova. Choncho, kuzungulira kwa ma concert atatu "Russian ndi Soviet Piano Sonata", yomwe inaphatikizapo ntchito zazikulu za P. Tchaikovsky, A. Scriabin, N. Medtner, N. Myaskovsky, S. Prokofiev, Academy of Sciences, inakhala chochitika chodziwika bwino. Alexandrov, D. Shostakovich, A. Khachaturian, D. Kabalevsky, G. Galynin, N. Peiko, A. Laputin, E. Golubev, A. Babadzhanyan, A. Nemtin, K. Volkov.

Chidwi mu zilandiridwenso Soviet nyimbo wakhala khalidwe la woyimba piyano. Kwa mayina otchulidwawo akhoza kuwonjezera mayina a oimba a Soviet monga G. Sviridov, O. Taktakishvili, Ya. Ivanov, ndi ena omwe nthawi zambiri amawonekera mu mapulogalamu ake.

Komabe, ntchito ya Scriabin ili pafupi kwambiri ndi woyimba piyano. Anayamba kuchita chidwi ndi nyimbo zake, ngakhale panthawi yomwe anali wophunzira ku Moscow Conservatory m'kalasi ya GG Neuhaus (anamaliza maphunziro ake mu 1951 ndipo adaphunzira naye kusukulu yomaliza maphunziro mpaka 1955). Komabe, pa magawo osiyanasiyana a njira yake yolenga, Fedorova, titero, amasintha chidwi chake ku gawo lothandizira. Pachifukwa ichi, kupambana kwake pampikisano kumakhalanso chizindikiro. Pampikisano wa Bach ku Leipzig (1950, mphotho yachiwiri), adawonetsa kumvetsetsa bwino kalembedwe ka polyphonic. Ndipo patatha chaka adakhala wopambana pa mpikisano wa Smetana ku Prague (mphoto yachiwiri) ndipo kuyambira pamenepo gawo lalikulu mu mapulogalamu ake a konsati ndi nyimbo za oimba Asilavo. Kuwonjezera pa ntchito zambiri za Chopin, nyimbo ya piano imaphatikizapo zidutswa za Smetana, Oginsky, F. Lessel, K. Shimanovsky, M. Shimanovskaya, nthawi zonse amasewera ntchito za oimba a ku Russia, makamaka Tchaikovsky ndi Rachmaninoff. N'zosadabwitsa kuti LM Zhivov ananena mu imodzi mwa ndemanga zake kuti "ndizolemba zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi miyambo ya mabuku a piano ya ku Russia, zomwe zimapindula kwambiri ndi kutanthauzira kwa Fedorova."

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990