SERGEY Nikyforovych Vasilenko (Sergei Vasilenko) |

SERGEY Vasilenko

Ndinabwera kudziko lino kudzawona Dzuwa. K. Balmont

Wolemba, wochititsa, mphunzitsi, woimba komanso wodziwika bwino wa anthu S. Vasilenko adakula ngati munthu wolenga m'zaka zisanayambe kusintha. Maziko akuluakulu a kalembedwe kake ka nyimbo anali kutengeka kolimba kwa zochitika za Russian classics, koma izi sizinaphatikizepo chidwi chofuna kudziwa njira zatsopano zowonetsera. Banja la wolemba nyimboyo linalimbikitsa chidwi cha Vasilenko. Amaphunzira zofunikira za nyimbo motsogoleredwa ndi woimba waluso A. Grechaninov, amakonda kujambula ndi V. Polenov, V. Vasnetsov, M. Vrubel, V. Borisov-Musatov. Pambuyo pake Vasilenko analemba kuti: “Kugwirizana kwa nyimbo ndi kujambula kunayamba kuonekera kwambiri kwa ine chaka chilichonse. Chidwi cha woimba wachinyamata m'mbiri, makamaka Old Russian, chinalinso chachikulu. Zaka zophunzira ku yunivesite ya Moscow (1891-95), kuphunzira zaumunthu kunapereka zambiri pa chitukuko cha luso laumwini. Kugwirizana kwa Vasilenko ndi wolemba mbiri wotchuka wa ku Russia V. Klyuchevsky kunali kofunika kwambiri. Mu 1895-1901. Vasilenko ndi wophunzira ku Moscow Conservatory. Oimba otchuka kwambiri a ku Russia - S. Taneev, V. Safonov, M. Ippolitov-Ivanov - anakhala alangizi ake ndiyeno mabwenzi. Kudzera Taneyev, Vasilenko anakumana P. Tchaikovsky. Pang'onopang'ono, maubwenzi ake oimba akukulirakulira: Vasilenko akusunthira pafupi ndi Petersburgers - N. Rimsky-Korsakov, A. Glazunov, A. Lyadov, M. Balakirev; ndi otsutsa nyimbo N. Kashkin ndi S. Kruglikov; ndi wodziwa nyimbo za Znamenny S. Smolensky. Misonkhano ndi A. Scriabin ndi S. Rachmaninov, omwe anali kuyamba njira yawo yodabwitsa, inali yosangalatsa nthawi zonse.

Kale mu Conservatory zaka Vasilenko anali mlembi wa nyimbo zambiri, chiyambi chimene chinayikidwa ndi epic symphonic chithunzi "Nkhondo Atatu" (1895, zochokera nkhani yomweyo AK Tolstoy). Chiyambi cha Russia chimayang'anira opera-cantata The Tale of the Great City of Kitezh ndi Quiet Lake Svetoyar (1902), komanso mu ndakatulo ya Epic (1903), komanso mu Symphony Yoyamba (1906), yotengera nyimbo zakale zaku Russia. . Mu nthawi chisanadze chisinthiko cha ntchito yake kulenga Vasilenko anapereka msonkho kwa ena mwa makhalidwe khalidwe la nthawi yathu, makamaka impressionism (nyimbo ndakatulo "Garden of Death", "Zolemba mawu", ndi zina zotero. Njira yolenga ya Vasilenko inatha zaka zoposa 60, adalenga ntchito zoposa 200 zokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyimbo - kuchokera ku chikondi ndi kusintha kwaulere kwa nyimbo za anthu ambiri, nyimbo zamasewero ndi mafilimu kupita ku ma symphonies ndi ma opera. Chidwi cha wopeka nyimbo Russian ndi nyimbo za anthu a padziko lapansi sichinasinthe, chozama ndi maulendo ambiri opita ku Russia, mayiko a ku Ulaya, Egypt, Syria, Turkey ("Maori Songs", "Old Italian Songs", "Nyimbo za French" Troubadours", "Exotic Suite" etc.).

Kuyambira 1906 mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake Vasilenko anaphunzitsa pa Moscow Conservatory. Oposa mbadwo umodzi wa oimba anaphunzira m'makalasi ake akulemba ndi zida (An. Aleksandrov, AV Aleksandrov, N. Golovanov, V. Nechaev, D. Rogal-Levitsky, N. Chemberdzhi, D. Kabalevsky, A. Khachaturian ndi ena. ) . Kwa zaka 10 (1907-17) Vasilenko anali kulinganiza ndi kondakitala wotchuka Historical Concerts. Zinali zopezeka kwa ogwira ntchito ndi ophunzira pamitengo yotsika ya matikiti, ndipo mapologalamuwo analinganizidwira kuphimba kulemera konse kwa nyimbo kuyambira m’zaka za zana la 40 kupita mtsogolo. ndi mpaka pano. Vasilenko anapereka pafupifupi 1942 zaka za ntchito kwambiri kulenga Soviet nyimbo chikhalidwe, ndi chiyembekezo chake chonse ndi kukonda dziko lako. Mwina mikhalidwe iyi idawonekera mwamphamvu mu opera yake yomaliza, yachisanu ndi chimodzi, Suvorov (XNUMX).

Vasilenko mofunitsitsa anatembenukira ku zilandiridwenso za ballet. M'mabale ake abwino kwambiri, wolembayo adapanga zithunzi zokongola za moyo wa anthu, akugwiritsira ntchito kwambiri nyimbo ndi nyimbo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana - Spanish ku Lola, Italy ku Mirandolina, Uzbek ku Akbilyak.

Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana idawonetsedwanso m'mapulogalamu amitundu yosiyanasiyana (symphonic suite "Turkmen Pictures", "Hindu Suite", "Carousel", "Soviet East", etc.). Chiyambi cha dziko chikutsogoleranso mu nyimbo zisanu za Vasilenko. Choncho, "Arctic Symphony", yoperekedwa kwa Chelyuskins, imachokera ku nyimbo za Pomor. Vasilenko anali mmodzi wa oyambitsa kupanga nyimbo Russian wowerengeka zida. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi Concerto yake ya balalaika ndi orchestra, yolembera balalaika virtuoso N. Osipov.

Mawu a Vasilenko a mawu, oyambirira ponena za nyimbo ndi nyimbo zakuthwa, ali ndi masamba ambiri owala (zokonda pa st. V. Bryusov, K. Balmont, I. Bunin, A. Blok, M. Lermontov).

Cholowa cha Vasilenko chimaphatikizaponso zolemba zake zongopeka komanso zolemba - "Instrumentation for the symphony orchestra", "Masamba a kukumbukira". Nkhani zomveka bwino za Vasilenko kwa omvera ambiri, zomwe amakamba pa nyimbo pawayilesi ndizosaiwalika. Wojambula yemwe adatumikira anthu mokhulupirika ndi luso lake, Vasilenko mwiniwakeyo adayamikira kukula kwa luso lake: "Kukhala ndi moyo kumatanthauza kugwira ntchito ndi mphamvu zonse za luso lanu ndi luso lanu kuti lipindule dziko la Motherland."

ZA. Tompakova