Misha Dichter |

Misha ndakatulo

Pampikisano uliwonse wanthawi zonse wa International Tchaikovsky, ojambula amawonekera omwe amatha kupambana mwapadera ndi anthu aku Moscow. Mu 1966, mmodzi mwa ojambulawa anali American Misha Dichter. Chisoni cha omvera chinatsagana naye kuyambira pakuwonekera koyamba pa siteji, mwinanso pasadakhale: kuchokera m'kabuku ka mpikisano, omvera adaphunzira zambiri za mbiri yachidule ya Dichter, yomwe idawakumbutsa za chiyambi cha njira ya Muscovites wina wokondedwa. , Van Cliburn.

… Mu February 1963, Misha Dichter wachichepere anapereka konsati yake yoyamba mu holo ya University of California ku Los Angeles. “Izi sizinali woimba piyano koyambirira kokha, koma wokhoza kukhala woimba waluso kwambiri,” inalemba motero Los Angeles Times, ikuwonjezera mosamalitsa, ngakhale kuli tero, kuti “ponena za oimba achichepere, sitiyenera kukhala patsogolo.” Pang'onopang'ono, kutchuka kwa Dichter kunakula - adachita zoimbaimba kuzungulira USA, anapitiriza kuphunzira ku Los Angeles ndi Pulofesa A. Tzerko, komanso adaphunzira zolemba motsogoleredwa ndi L. Stein. Kuyambira 1964, Dichter wakhala wophunzira pa Juilliard School, kumene Rosina Levina, mphunzitsi Cliburn, anakhala mphunzitsi wake. Chochitika ichi chinali chofunikira kwambiri ...

Wojambula wachinyamatayo adachita zomwe a Muscovites amayembekezera. Anakopa omvera ndi kudzipereka kwake, luso lake, ndi khalidwe lake labwino kwambiri. Omverawo anayamikira kwambiri kuŵerenga kwake kochokera pansi pa mtima kwa Schubert’s Sonata in A major ndi kachitidwe kake kaluso ka Stravinsky’s Petrushka, ndipo anamva chisoni ndi kulephera kwake mu Fifth Concerto ya Beethoven, yomwe inkaseweredwa mwanjira ina mosasamala, “momvekera bwino.” Dichter moyenerera adapambana mphotho yachiwiri. “Luso lake lapadera, lofunikira ndi losonkhezeredwa, limakopa chidwi cha omvera,” analemba motero tcheyamani wa bwalo lamilandu E. Gilels. "Ali ndi kuwona mtima kwakukulu kwaluso, M. Dichter amamva kwambiri ntchito yomwe ikuchitika." Komabe, zinali zoonekeratu kuti talente yake inali idakali yakhanda.

Pambuyo pa kupambana ku Moscow, Dichter sanafulumire kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mpikisano wake. Anamaliza maphunziro ake ndi R. Levina ndipo pang'onopang'ono anayamba kuwonjezera mphamvu ya zochitika zake za konsati. Pofika pakati pa zaka za m'ma 70s, anali atayenda kale padziko lonse lapansi, atakhazikika pamagulu a konsati ngati wojambula wapamwamba kwambiri. Nthawi zonse - mu 1969, 1971 ndi 1974 - anabwera ku USSR, ngati kuti "malipoti" opambana, ndipo, kuyamikira kwa woyimba piyano, ziyenera kunenedwa, nthawi zonse amawonetsa kukula kokhazikika. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti m'kupita kwa nthawi, machitidwe a Dichter adayamba kuyambitsa chidwi chochepa kuposa kale. Izi ndichifukwa cha khalidwe lokha komanso chitsogozo cha chisinthiko chake, chomwe, mwachiwonekere, sichinathe. Kuyimba kwa woyimba piyano kumakhala kwangwiro kwambiri, luso lake lolimba mtima kwambiri, kumasulira kwake kokwanira kwambiri m’kuima ndi kupha; kukongola kwa mawu ndi ndakatulo zonjenjemera kunatsalira. Koma m’kupita kwa zaka, kutsitsimuka kwa unyamata, nthaŵi zina pafupifupi nthaŵi yosadziwa, kunaloŵetsa m’malo mwa kuŵerengera ndendende, chiyambi chanzeru. Kwa ena, chifukwa chake, Dichter yamasiku ano siili pafupi ndi yoyamba. Komabe, khalidwe lamkati la wojambula limamuthandiza kupuma mu malingaliro ake ndi zomangamanga, ndipo chifukwa chake, chiwerengero cha mafanizi ake sichimachepa, komanso chimakula. Amakopekanso ndi zolemba zosiyanasiyana za Dichter, zomwe zimapangidwa makamaka ndi olemba "achikhalidwe" - kuchokera ku Haydn ndi Mozart kudzera m'zaka za m'ma XNUMX mpaka Rachmaninoff ndi Debussy, Stravinsky ndi Gershwin. Analemba zolemba zingapo za monographic - ntchito za Beethoven, Schumann, Liszt.

Chithunzi cha Dichter wamakono chikusonyezedwa ndi mawu otsatirawa a wotsutsa G. Tsypin: “Poona luso la mlendo wathu kukhala chodziŵika bwino m’kuimba piyano yamasiku ano yachilendo, choyamba timapereka ulemu kwa Dichter woimba, wake, popanda kukokomeza, wosowa. talente yachilengedwe. Ntchito yomasulira ya woyimba piyano nthawi zina imafika pachimake chaluso ndi malingaliro okopa omwe amangodalira luso lapamwamba kwambiri. Tiyeni tionjezere kuti chidziwitso chandakatulo chamtengo wapatali cha wojambula - mphindi za nyimbo zapamwamba kwambiri ndi chowonadi chochita - monga lamulo, zimagwera pa kulingalira kwapamwamba, zauzimu, zigawo zazamafilosofi ndi zidutswa. Malinga ndi malo osungiramo zojambulajambula, Dichter ndi wolemba nyimbo; mkati moyenera, olondola ndi kupitiriza mu mawonetseredwe aliwonse maganizo, iye sakonda zotsatira zapadera ntchito, maliseche kufotokoza, chiwawa maganizo mikangano. Nyali ya kudzoza kwake kopanga nthawi zambiri imayaka ndi bata, moyezera ngakhale - mwina osachititsa khungu omvera, koma osati mdima - kuwala. Umu ndi momwe woimba piyano adawonekera pa mpikisano wothamanga, ndi momwe aliri, kawirikawiri, ngakhale lero - ndi metamorphoses onse omwe adamukhudza pambuyo pa 1966.

Kutsimikizika kwa mawonekedwe awa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zomwe otsutsa amawona pamasewera a wojambula ku Europe kumapeto kwa 70s, ndi zolemba zake zatsopano. Ziribe kanthu zomwe amasewera - Beethoven's "Pathetique" ndi "Moonlight", ma concerto a Brahms, fantasy ya Schubert's "Wanderer", Liszt's Sonata mu B wamng'ono - omvera nthawi zonse amawona woyimba wochenjera komanso wanzeru waluntha m'malo momasuka maganizo - the Misha Dichter yemweyo, yemwe timamudziwa kuchokera ku misonkhano yambiri, ndi wojambula wokhazikika yemwe maonekedwe ake amasintha pang'ono pakapita nthawi.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990