Maria Nikolaevna Kuznetsova-Benois |

Maria Kuznetsova-Benois

Maria Nikolaevna Kuznetsova - Russian woimba (soprano) ndi kuvina, mmodzi wa oimba otchuka kwambiri chisanadze kusintha Russia. Wotsogolera yekhayo wa Mariinsky Theatre, yemwe adatenga nawo gawo pa Nyengo zaku Russia za Sergei Diaghilev. Anagwira ntchito ndi NA Rimsky-Korsakov, Richard Strauss, Jules Massenet, anaimba ndi Fyodor Chaliapin ndi Leonid Sobinov. Atachoka ku Russia pambuyo pa 1917, anapitiriza kuchita bwino kunja.

Maria Nikolaevna Kuznetsova anabadwa mu 1880 ku Odessa. Maria anakulira mu chikhalidwe kulenga ndi luntha, atate wake Nikolai Kuznetsov anali wojambula, ndi mayi ake anachokera ku banja Mechnikov, amalume Maria anali Nobel wasayansi zamoyo Ilya Mechnikov ndi sociologist Lev Mechnikov. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky anapita ku nyumba ya Kuznetsovs, yemwe adawonetsa luso la woimba wamtsogolo ndikumulembera nyimbo za ana, kuyambira ali mwana Maria ankafuna kukhala wojambula.

Makolo ake adamutumiza ku bwalo la masewera olimbitsa thupi ku Switzerland, kubwerera ku Russia, adaphunzira kuvina ku St. Aliyense adawona nyimbo yake yokongola ya soprano, talente yodziwika bwino ngati zisudzo komanso kukongola kwachikazi. Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky adamufotokozera kuti "... soprano yochititsa chidwi yomwe imatha kuwonedwa ndikumvetsera ndi chilakolako chomwecho."

Mu 1904, Maria Kuznetsova anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake pa siteji ya St. Petersburg Conservatory monga Tatyana mu Tchaikovsky a Eugene Onegin, ndi pa siteji ya Mariinsky Theatre mu 1905 monga Marguerite mu Gounod a Faust. Woimba nyimbo wa Mariinsky Theatre, ndi nthawi yopuma pang'ono, Kuznetsova anakhalabe mpaka kusintha kwa 1917. Mu 1905, zolemba ziwiri za galamafoni ndi zojambula za machitidwe ake zinatulutsidwa ku St.

Kamodzi, mu 1905, posakhalitsa Kuznetsova kuwonekera koyamba kugulu pa Mariinsky, pa ntchito yake mu zisudzo, mkangano unabuka pakati pa ophunzira ndi maofesala, zinthu zinali zosintha m'dziko, ndipo mantha anayamba mu zisudzo. Maria Kuznetsova adasokoneza aria a Elsa kuchokera ku "Lohengrin" ya R. Wagner ndikuyimba modekha nyimbo ya Chirasha "God Save the Tsar", ma buzzers adakakamizika kuletsa mkanganowo ndipo omvera adakhazikika, ntchitoyo inapitirira.

Mwamuna woyamba wa Maria Kuznetsova anali Albert Albertovich Benois, wochokera ku banja lodziwika bwino la amisiri a ku Russia, amisiri, olemba mbiri Benois. Pachiyambi cha ntchito yake, Maria ankadziwika pansi pa dzina lachiwiri Kuznetsova-Benoit. Mu ukwati wachiwiri, Maria Kuznetsova anakwatiwa ndi wopanga Bogdanov, wachitatu - kwa banki ndi mafakitale Alfred Massenet, mphwake wa wolemba wotchuka Jules Massenet.

Pa ntchito yake yonse, Kuznetsova-Benois adagwira nawo ntchito zambiri za opera ku Ulaya, kuphatikizapo mbali za Fevronia mu Rimsky-Korsakov "Nthano ya Mzinda Wosaoneka wa Kitezh ndi Maiden Fevronia ndi Cleopatra kuchokera ku opera ya dzina lomwelo ndi J. Massenet, yomwe imatchedwa "The Tale of the Invisible City of Kitezh". woipekayo anamulembera iye makamaka. Komanso pa siteji ya ku Russia adapereka kwa nthawi yoyamba maudindo a Woglinda mu R. Gold of the Rhine ndi R. Wagner, Cio-Cio-san ku Madama Butterfly ndi G. Puccini ndi ena ambiri. Iye anayendera mizinda Russia, France, Great Britain, Germany, Italy, USA ndi mayiko ena ndi Company Mariinsky Opera.

Zina mwa maudindo ake abwino kwambiri: Antonida ("Moyo wa Tsar" ndi M. Glinka), Lyudmila ("Ruslan ndi Lyudmila" ndi M. Glinka), Olga ("Mermaid" ndi A. Dargomyzhsky), Masha ("Dubrovsky" ndi E. . Napravnik), Oksana (“Cherevichki” by P. Tchaikovsky), Tatiana (“Eugene Onegin” by P. Tchaikovsky), Kupava (“The Snow Maiden” by N. Rimsky-Korsakov), Juliet (“Romeo and Juliet” by Ch. Gounod), Carmen ("Carmen" Zh Bizet), Manon Lescaut ("Manon" ndi J. Massenet), Violetta ("La Traviata" ndi G. Verdi), Elsa ("Lohengrin" ndi R. Wagner) ndi ena .

Mu 1914, Kuznetsova anachoka kwakanthawi ku Mariinsky Theatre ndipo, pamodzi ndi Ballet ya ku Russia ya Sergei Diaghilev, adasewera ku Paris ndi London ngati ballerina, komanso adathandizira gawo lawo. Anavina mu ballet "The Legend of Joseph" ndi Richard Strauss, ballet inakonzedwa ndi nyenyezi za nthawi yawo - wolemba ndi wochititsa Richard Strauss, wotsogolera Sergei Diaghilev, choreographer Mikhail Fokin, zovala ndi zokongola Lev Bakst, wovina wamkulu Leonid Myasin. . Inali ntchito yofunika ndi kampani yabwino, koma kuyambira pachiyambi kupanga anakumana ndi zovuta zina: panali nthawi yochepa rehearsals, Strauss anali mu maganizo oipa, monga ballerinas mlendo Ida Rubinstein ndi Lydia Sokolova anakana kutenga nawo mbali, ndipo Strauss anachita. sindimakonda kugwira ntchito ndi oimba a ku France ndipo nthawi zonse ankakangana ndi oimba, ndipo Diaghilev adakali ndi nkhawa za kuchoka kwa wovina Vaslav Nijinsky ku gululo. Ngakhale kuti panali mavuto kumbuyo, ballet inayamba bwino ku London ndi Paris. Kuwonjezera kuyesa dzanja lake pa kuvina, Kuznetsova anachita zisudzo angapo opaleshoni, kuphatikizapo kupanga Borodin a Prince Igor mu London.

Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa 1918, Maria Kuznetsova anachoka ku Russia. Monga kuyenerana ndi wochita masewero, adachita izi mokongola kwambiri - atavala ngati mnyamata wapanyumba, adabisala pansi pa sitima yapamadzi yopita ku Sweden. Anakhala woyimba wa opera ku Stockholm Opera, kenako ku Copenhagen kenako ku Royal Opera House, Covent Garden ku London. Nthawi yonseyi iye ankabwera ku Paris, ndipo mu 1921 iye potsiriza anakakhala ku Paris, amene anakhala nyumba yake yachiwiri kulenga.

M'zaka za m'ma 1920, Kuznetsova adachita zoimbaimba zachinsinsi komwe adayimba nyimbo za Chirasha, Chifalansa, Chisipanishi ndi Chigypsy, zachikondi ndi zisudzo. Pamakonsati amenewa, nthawi zambiri ankavina magule a anthu a ku Spain ndi flamenco. Ena mwa makonsati ake anali achifundo kuthandiza osowa Russian kusamuka. Anakhala nyenyezi ya opera ya ku Paris, kulandiridwa mu salon yake kunkaonedwa kuti ndi ulemu waukulu. "Mtundu wa anthu", nduna ndi mafakitale adadzaza kutsogolo kwake. Kuphatikiza pa ma concert achinsinsi, nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito ngati woyimba payekha m'nyumba zambiri za opera ku Europe, kuphatikiza zomwe zili ku Covent Garden komanso ku Paris Opera ndi Opéra Comique.

Mu 1927, Maria Kuznetsova, pamodzi ndi Prince Alexei Tsereteli ndi baritone Mikhail Karakash, adakonza kampani ya Russian Opera ku Paris, komwe adayitana oimba ambiri a ku Russia omwe adachoka ku Russia. Opera yaku Russia idachita Sadko, The Tale of Tsar Saltan, The Tale of the Invisible City of Kitezh ndi Maiden Fevronia, The Sorochinskaya Fair ndi ma opera ena ndi ma ballet a oimba aku Russia ndipo adachita ku London, Paris, Barcelona, ​​​​Madrid, Milan. ndi ku Buenos Aires yakutali. The Russian Opera inakhalapo mpaka 1933.

Maria Kuznetsova anamwalira pa April 25, 1966 ku Paris, France.