Bavarian State Orchestra (Bayerisches Staatsorchester) |

Bavarian State Orchestra

Bavarian State Orchestra (Bayerisches Staatsorchester), yomwe ndi gulu lanyimbo la Bavarian State Opera, ndi imodzi mwa nyimbo zodziwika bwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso imodzi mwazakale kwambiri ku Germany. Mbiri yake ingayambike m'chaka cha 1523, pamene wolemba nyimbo Ludwig Senfl anakhala mtsogoleri wa Khoti la Chapel la Duke Wilhelm wa ku Bavaria ku Munich. Mtsogoleri woyamba wotchuka wa bwalo lamilandu la Munich anali Orlando di Lasso, amene analandira udindo umenewu mu 1563 mu ulamuliro wa Duke Albrecht V. Mu 1594, kalongayo anayambitsa sukulu ya ana amphatso ochokera m'mabanja osauka kuti aphunzitse aang'ono. kubadwa kwa bwalo lamilandu. Lasso atamwalira mu 1594, Johannes de Fossa adatenga utsogoleri wa Chapel.

Mu 1653, pakutsegulira kwa Munich Opera House yatsopano, Capella Orchestra idachita kwa nthawi yoyamba opera ya GB Mazzoni L'Arpa festante (zisanachitike, nyimbo za tchalitchi zokha zinali m'gulu lake). M'zaka za m'ma 80 m'zaka za zana la XNUMX, zisudzo zambiri za Agostino Steffani, yemwe anali woyimba khothi komanso "wotsogolera nyimbo zachipinda" ku Munich, komanso olemba nyimbo ena aku Italy, adayimba m'bwalo la zisudzo latsopanoli ndi gulu la oimba.

Kuyambira mu 1762, kwa nthawi yoyamba, lingaliro la oimba ngati gulu lodziyimira pawokha linayambitsidwa m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Kuyambira m'ma 70s m'zaka za m'ma XVIII akuyamba ntchito wokhazikika wa Orchestra Court, amene amachita opera ambiri kuyamba motsogozedwa ndi Andrea Bernasconi. Mkulu wa oimba oimbayo adayamikiridwa ndi Mozart pambuyo pa kuyambika kwa Idomeneo mu 1781. Mu 1778, ndikuyamba kulamulira ku Munich wa osankhidwa a Mannheim Karl Theodor, gulu la oimba lidadzazidwanso ndi virtuosos yotchuka ya sukulu ya Mannheim. Mu 1811, Academy of Music inakhazikitsidwa, yomwe inaphatikizapo mamembala a Orchestra Court. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, oimba anayamba kutenga nawo mbali osati zisudzo zisudzo, komanso zoimbaimba symphony. M’chaka chomwecho, Mfumu Max Woyamba anaika mwala wa maziko omanga Nyumba ya Zisudzo Yadziko Lonse, imene inatsegulidwa pa October 12, 1818.

Mu ulamuliro wa Mfumu Max Woyamba, ntchito za oimba a khoti zinaphatikizaponso kuyimba kwa tchalitchi, zisudzo, chipinda ndi zosangalatsa (zabwalo). Pansi pa Mfumu Ludwig Woyamba mu 1836, gulu la oimba linapeza wotsogolera wamkulu woyamba (General Music Director), Franz Lachner.

Panthawi ya ulamuliro wa Mfumu Ludwig II, mbiri ya Orchestra ya Bavaria imagwirizana kwambiri ndi dzina la Richard Wagner. Pakati pa 1865 ndi 1870 panali masewero ake oyamba Tristan und Isolde, Die Meistersingers of Nuremberg (wokonda Hans von Bülow), Rheingold ndi Valkyrie (wokonda Franz Wüllner).

Pakati pa anthu osankhika azaka zapitazi ndi theka, palibe woyimba m'modzi yemwe sanachitepo ndi gulu la oimba la Bavarian State Opera. Pambuyo pa Franz Lachner, yemwe adatsogolera gululi mpaka 1867, adatsogoleredwa ndi Hans von Bülow, Hermann Levy, Richard Strauss, Felix Mottl, Bruno Walter, Hans Knappertsbusch, Clemens Kraus, Georg Solti, Ferenc Frichai, Josef Keilbert, Wolfgang Sawallisch ndi ena. makondakitala otchuka .

Kuchokera mu 1998 mpaka 2006, Zubin Mehta anali wotsogolera wamkulu wa oimba, ndipo kuyambira nyengo ya 2006-2007, wochititsa chidwi wa ku America Kent Nagano adakhala ngati kondakitala. Zochita zake mu bwalo la zisudzo ku Munich zidayamba ndi kupanga koyamba kwa mono-opera wa wopeka waku Germany W. Rim Das Gehege ndi opera ya R. Strauss Salome. M'tsogolomu, maestro adachita bwino kwambiri zisudzo zapadziko lonse lapansi monga Idomeneo wa Mozart, Khovanshchina wa Mussorgsky, Eugene Onegin wa Tchaikovsky, Lohengrin wa Wagner, Parsifal ndi Tristan ndi Isolde, Electra ndi Ariadne auf Naxos »R. , Britten's Billy Budd, koyambirira kwa zisudzo za Alice ku Wonderland zolembedwa ndi Unsuk Chin and Love, Only Love lolemba Minas Borbudakis.

Kent Nagano amatenga nawo mbali pachikondwerero chodziwika bwino cha Summer Opera ku Munich, amachita nthawi zonse ndi Bavarian State Orchestra m'makonsati a symphony (pakali pano, Bavarian State Orchestra ndiyo yokhayo ku Munich yomwe imatenga nawo mbali pazosewerera zonse za opera ndi ma concert a symphony). Motsogozedwa ndi maestro Nagano, gululi limachita m'mizinda ya Germany, Austria, Hungary, limachita nawo ma internship ndi maphunziro. Zitsanzo za izi ndi Opera Studio, Orchestra Academy, ndi ATTACCA Youth Orchestra.

Kent Nagano akupitilizabe kubwezanso nyimbo zodziwika bwino za gululi. Zina mwa ntchito zaposachedwa ndi makanema ojambulira nyimbo za Alice ku Wonderland ndi Idomeneo, komanso CD yomvera ya Bruckner's Fourth Symphony yotulutsidwa pa SONY Classical.

Kuphatikiza pa zochitika zake zazikulu ku Bavarian Opera, Kent Nagano wakhala Mtsogoleri Waluso wa Montreal Symphony Orchestra kuyambira 2006.

Mu nyengo ya 2009-2010, Kent Nagano akupereka ma opera Don Giovanni ndi Mozart, Tannhauser ndi Wagner, Dialogues of the Carmelites ndi Poulenc ndi The Silent Woman wolemba R. Strauss.

Gwero: Tsamba la Moscow Philharmonic