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German Motive, French motif, kuchokera ku lat. kusuntha - kusuntha

1) Gawo laling'ono kwambiri la nyimbo, logwirizana. mndandanda, womwe uli ndi umphumphu wa semantic ndipo ukhoza kudziwika pakati pa ena ambiri ofanana. zomangamanga. M. imayimiranso gawo linalake lomanga. Monga lamulo, M. imaphatikizapo kugunda kumodzi kolimba ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofanana ndi kapamwamba kamodzi:

L. Beethoven. Sonata wa piano op. 111, gawo II.

Pazifukwa zina, tempo, kukula, kapangidwe ka nyimbo. prod. zazikulu 2-bar motifs ndizothekanso:

L. Beethoven. Sonata wa piano op. 7, gawo I.

Nthawi zina, M. imagawidwa m'maselo ang'onoang'ono omanga, otchedwa submotives. Submotive ilibe umphumphu wa semantic ndipo imapezeka ngati gawo la zonse:

F. Chopin. Sonata b-moll wa piyano, movement I.

Nthawi zambiri metric imakhala ndi nthawi yofooka komanso yolimba kapena, mosiyana, yamphamvu ndi yofooka. Palinso M., wopangidwa ndi imodzi yokha, yamphamvu, nthawi. Iwo amatchedwa truncated M.:

L. Beethoven. Sonata wa piano op. 10 No 1, gawo I.

M. atha kuphatikizidwa pawiri ndi katatu m'mawu kapena m'mapangidwe akuluakulu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, amasiyanitsidwa momveka bwino kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake kapena kuphatikiza kukhala chinthu chimodzi. Nthawi zina, mosalekeza, olumikizidwa melodic. kugawanitsa zolinga kumakhala kosatheka.

M. kapena mzere wa M. (nthawi zambiri ziwiri), zomwe nyimbo zimayambira. mutu wa mankhwala homophonic, kupanga maziko ake. Kupititsa patsogolo pamutuwu kumabweretsa kusintha koyambilira kwa M. kapena kwatsopano M. Kumapeto kwa mutuwu, mawu omaliza amamveka. Mutuwu umakhala ndi mawonekedwe a ntchito yonse, momwe umafaniziridwa ndi mitu ina ndikukulitsa. Kukula kwamutu kumakhala makamaka ndi kubwereza mobwerezabwereza magawo. mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mutu umodzi, kusankha (kupatula) zolemba zapayekha kuchokera pamenepo, ndikuziphatikiza ndi zolinga zamitu ina.

Zovuta kwambiri mwaukadaulo. chitukuko chimafika pakukula kwa mawonekedwe a sonata. Chitukukochi nthawi zambiri chimakhala mawu opitilira, M. - "zidutswa" za mitu yomwe idanenedwa kale. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, M. ikhoza kukhala pansi pa decomp. kusintha. Zigawo zawo, zomwe zimayimbidwa zimatha kusintha. mayendedwe (kukwera kuti m'malo ndi kutsika, ndi mosemphanitsa), awo harmonic. kudzaza; akhoza kutenga nawo mbali. mtundu wa polyphonic. kugwirizana. Nthawi yomweyo, rhythmic imakhalabe chinthu chokhazikika kwambiri. chojambula ndi zolengedwa zake. kusintha muzochitika zina kungathe kuwononga M. yoperekedwa ndi kupanga, makamaka, yatsopano.

Nyimbo zina. prod. zimayimira chitukuko chopitilira chimodzi M. Mwa iwo, nthawi ndi nthawi M. yatsopano imawonekera, ikutsatiridwa, komabe, ndi phokoso la chachikulu kapena kuimira zosiyana zake. Inde, nyimbo. Kukula mumayendedwe oyamba a symphony ya 5 ya Beethoven kumatsatira pamalingaliro oyambira anayi:

Mtundu uwu wa chitukuko chokhazikika cha M. chimodzi chikuyimiridwa mochuluka mu ntchito za Beethoven ndi Schumann.

Kuyesera koyamba kukulitsa chiphunzitso cha M. kunapangidwa mu 2nd floor. Zaka za m'ma 18 I. Mattheson, J. Ripel ndi GK Koch. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mawu akuti "M". sanagwiritse ntchito. Amachokera ku Italy, komwe amatanthauza m'zaka za zana la 18. main thematic aria core. Chopereka chofunikira kwambiri ku chiphunzitso cha M. chinapangidwa m'zaka za zana la 19. AB Marx komanso makamaka X. Riemann. Mosiyana ndi R. Westphal ndi T. Wiemeyer, Riemann anamvetsa nyimbo osati kokha ngati mapangidwe a rhythmic, komanso monga mgwirizano wa rhythmic, melodic, harmonic, dynamic, ndi timbre factor.

Mbali yofooka ya chiphunzitso cha Riemannian cha M. ndi kuzindikira kukhalapo kwenikweni kwa iambic yokha (kuchokera ku gawo lofooka mpaka lamphamvu), koma osati choreic M. Ku Russia, chiphunzitso cha M. chinapangidwa ndi SI Taneev.

2) M'lingaliro la tsiku ndi tsiku - nyimbo, nyimbo, nyimbo.

Zothandizira: Catuar G., Mtundu wanyimbo, gawo 1-2, M., 1934-36; Sposobin IV, mawonekedwe a nyimbo, M.-L., 1947, M., 1962; Mazel L., Kapangidwe ka nyimbo, M., 1960; Tyulin Yu. N., Kapangidwe ka mawu oimba, L., 1962; Arzamanov F., SI Taneev - mphunzitsi wa maphunziro a nyimbo, M., 1963; Mazel L., Zukkerman V., Kusanthula kwa ntchito zanyimbo, gawo 1, M., 1967. Onaninso lit. pansi pa nkhani Musical mawonekedwe.

VP Bobrovsky