Kalendala ya nyimbo - Epulo

April anatisangalatsa ndi kubadwa kwa oimba otchuka monga Sergei Rachmaninov, Edison Denisov, Alexander Alexandrov, Sergei Prokofiev, komanso oimba otchuka monga Montserrat Caballe.

Maonekedwe awo adakalipo mpaka lero

Epulo 1 1873 zaka anabadwa m'chigawo Novgorod SERGEY Rachmaninov, amene pambuyo pake anadzakhala woimba piyano wanzeru ndi wopeka nyimbo. Zikuoneka kuti chilengedwe chinamuthandiza kukhala woimba wosangalatsa: zala woimbayo anali yaitali kwambiri moti modekha anaphimba mtunda wa makiyi 12 woyera. Ngakhale kuti Rachmaninov anakhala zaka zambiri ku Ulaya ndi USA, iye nthawizonse ankadziona ngati Russian. Ntchito zake zonse zimadzaza ndi zithunzi za dziko lake lokondedwa la Amayi, luso lamphamvu, minda yayikulu, ndi chipwirikiti chamitundu. 2nd Piano Concerto yake inakhala chizindikiro cha nyengo yatsopano, ndi mphamvu zake zophulika ndi kusintha kwachisokonezo.

Epulo 6 1929 zaka - tsiku lobadwa Edison Denisov - Wolemba nyimbo yemwe amakhulupirira kuti nyimbo ndi masamu zimagwirizana kwambiri. Analandira maphunziro awiri polar motsutsana apamwamba: anamaliza maphunziro a Faculty of Physics ndi Masamu ya Tomsk University ndi Moscow Conservatory. Wopeka nyimboyo anakana m'pang'ono pomwe makonda onse odziwika bwino, apamwamba kapena odziwika kwa nthawi yayitali. Ankakhulupirira kuti muzojambula ndikofunikira kupanga kukongola kwatsopano, chifukwa zachikale sizingabwerezedwe.

Denisov amayesa nthawi zonse, ndipo chifukwa chake amalenga zaluso monga Symphony kwa gulu lalikulu la oimba, ballet "Confession", "Requiem".

Epulo 13 1883 zaka anabwera ku dziko Alexander Alexandrov, munthu yemwe pambuyo pake adapanga gulu lankhondo ndi kuvina la Red Army, lomwe lidatchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Chilengedwe chinapatsa wolemba nyimboyo mawu okongola. N'zosadabwitsa kuti iye ndi mlembi wa oposa 70 makonzedwe a nyimbo wowerengeka ndi mlengi wa 81 nyimbo wolemba. Imodzi mwa ntchito zodziwika bwino za wolemba nyimboyo ndi nyimbo ya "Nkhondo Yopatulika", ndipo, kuwonjezera apo, nyimbo yamasiku ano ya dziko la Russia imachitidwa ku nyimbo zake.

Alexandrov, ndi gulu lake la Red Banner Ensemble, adachita ntchito yabwino yotumikira magulu ankhondo a USSR, panthawi yamtendere komanso pankhondo. Iye sanaiwale za maphunziro zokongoletsa, ankalimbikitsa kulenga ensembles m'magulu a ntchito, makalabu, ndi kupereka thandizo lothandiza.

Epulo 20 1881 zaka anabadwa Nikolai Myaskovsky - woimira wakale kwambiri wa sukulu ya ku Russia ya m'zaka za zana la XX. Wotsutsa Boris Asafiev analemba kuti m’ntchito ya wopekayi, yowala kuposa ena, “pali ulusi wochokera ku Chirasha choyambirira, kupyolera m’nyengo yamasiku ano, kuoneratu zam’tsogolo.” Mtundu waukulu mu ntchito ya Myaskovsky ndi symphony. Mtundu uwu umatchedwa "zauzimu mbiri". Lili ndi malingaliro amasiku ano komanso zaka zovuta za chiwonongeko cha nkhondo pambuyo pa nkhondo, kufotokoza zochitika za m'ma 1930, zovuta za Nkhondo Yaikulu Yokonda Dziko Lapansi. Ma symphonies ake ndikusaka kosalekeza, kowawa kwa malingaliro abwino.

Epulo 23 1857 zaka anabadwa Ruggiero Leoncavallo - mlembi wa opera wotchuka "Pagliacci". Mdzukulu wa wojambula wotchuka wa Neapolitan, adagwirizanitsanso moyo wake ndi luso. Ali wachinyamata, adadziwika bwino ngati woimba piyano waluso komanso wotsogolera, ndipo pa msinkhu wokhwima kwambiri adawonetsa dziko lapansi talente yake ngati woyimba nyimbo. Ngakhale kupanga bwino kwa Rural Honor, chinali masewero oyamba a opera Pagliacci omwe adabweretsa chipambano kwa woimbayo. Udindo wofunikira udaseweranso chifukwa adasewera gawo lalikulu mu oimbawo ndi Arturo Toscanini. Tsoka ilo, Leoncavallo sakanatha kupitirira kupambana kwa "Pagliacci" ndipo anakhalabe pakati pa olemba - olemba a mbambande imodzi.

Patsiku lomwelo, koma mpumulo pambuyo pake, Epulo 23 1891 zaka, m'mudzi wa Sontsovka, mnyamata anabadwa, yemwe, mwangozi zodabwitsa, adatchedwa mwana "dzuwa" chifukwa cha khalidwe lake losangalala lowala - SERGEY Prokofiev. Anayamba kuphunzira nyimbo ndi kulemba msanga. Opus ake onse adalembedwa mwakhama ndi amayi ake, kotero pofika zaka 10, woimbayo wamng'onoyo anali ndi cholowa cholemera, kuphatikizapo 2 operas.

Ali ndi zaka 13, Prokofiev analembetsa ku Conservatory ya St. Ntchito zake zikhoza kukondedwa kapena ayi, zinkayamikiridwa kapena kutsutsidwa, koma sizinasiye aliyense wa omvera kukhala osayanjanitsika.

SS Prokofiev - Marichi kuchokera ku opera "Chikondi cha Malalanje Atatu"

Chochititsa chidwi cha opera "Chikondi cha Malalanje Atatu" chimadziwika. Iye anauzira mmodzi wa obzala lalikulu kotero kuti anapereka Prokofiev mgwirizano wopindulitsa kokha mwayi kuyika mawuwo pa malonda ake kuti malalanje kuuzira katswiri wamkulu kulemba mwaluso. Chuma cha classics padziko lapansi chimaphatikizapo nthano ya ana a symphonic "Peter ndi Wolf", ballet "Romeo ndi Juliet", Woyamba "Classical" ndi Seventh Symphony.

Mawu ake amasewera pazingwe za omvera

Epulo 12 1933 zaka m'banja losauka kwambiri la ku Spain linabadwa Montserrat Caballe. Wothawa umphawi chifukwa cha luso lake komanso kupirira kodabwitsa, woimbayo adakhala wojambula wamkulu kwambiri m'zaka za zana la XNUMX.

Mwina dziko silikanazindikira dzina ili, koma tsogolo linapereka prima donna ndi mphatso. Chifukwa cha matenda aakulu a abambo ake, mtsikanayo anayenera kupeza ntchito yosoka nsalu pafakitale ya mipango. Kumeneko kuimba kwake kunamveka mwangozi ndi okondedwa, okwatirana Beltran Mata. Ndi iwo omwe adazindikira wachinyamata waluso ku Liceo Conservatory ku Barcelona, ​​​​komwe talente yake idakula.

V. Bellini "Casta Diva" kuchokera ku opera "Norma" - Spanish. M. Caballero

Iye anachita pafupifupi mbali zonse zoopsa opera, kuphatikizapo Violetta, Tosca, Salome, Madame Gulugufe. Koma mosasamala kanthu kuti ngwazizo zinafa motani, chifukwa cha mpeni kapena chiphe, chochitidwa ndi Caballe, malonjezo awo akufa anamveka ngati lonjezo la moyo wina wakumwamba, umodzi ndi Mulungu.

Zochitika zosangalatsa

Pa April 9, 1860, chochitika chochititsa chidwi kwambiri kwa okonda nyimbo chinachitika: woyambitsa wochokera ku France, Edward Leon Scott de Martinville, kale kwambiri asanatulukire galamafoni ndi Thomas Edison, anapanga kujambula koyamba kwa phokoso pamapepala opangidwa mwapadera. njira. Wasayansi mwiniyo sanagwirizane ndi mfundo iyi, kuyesa kwake kunali ndi cholinga chosiyana kwambiri. Ndipo kokha mu 2008, asayansi ochokera ku Lawrence National Laboratory (USA), pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje amakono a kuwala, adatulutsanso mawu olembedwa pamapepala omwe amasungidwa m'malo osungiramo zinthu zakale.

SV Rachmaninov - "Lemekeza Yehova, moyo wanga ..."

Wolemba - Victoria Denisova