Kalendala ya nyimbo - Meyi

May anapereka mafani a nyimbo zachikale mayina akuluakulu a olemba ndi ojambula omwe ntchito yawo yakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri. Pakati pawo: P. Tchaikovsky, I. Brahms, A. Lyadov, V. Sofronitsky, R. Wagner. Mawonetsero angapo ochititsa chidwi anachitika mwezi uno, pakati pawo ndi zoyambira za opera ya W. Mozart Le nozze di Figaro ndi L. Beethoven's 9th symphony.

Olemba omwe adakankhira malire a nthawi yawo

2 May 1660 zaka wobadwira ku Palermo, Italy Alessandro Scarlatti. Pali malo oyera okwanira mu mbiri yake. Koma chinthu chimodzi sichingatsutsidwe - woimba uyu anakhala woyambitsa sukulu yaikulu ya Neapolitan Opera kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 120. Ukulu wa cholowa chake chopanga ndi chodabwitsa. Scarlatti yekha adalemba ma opera opitilira 600. Ndipo ma cantata opitilira 200, pafupifupi misa XNUMX, madrigals, oratorios, motets. Pakati pa ophunzira pali mwana wamwamuna wa wolemba nyimbo Domenico Scarlatti, wodziwika bwino kwa oimba piyano achichepere chifukwa cha sonatinas; Francesco Durante, wolemba nyimbo za tchalitchi, wachichepere Georg Friedrich Handel.

7 May 1833 zaka anabadwa Johannes Brahms, wolowa m'malo wa R. Schumann mu German nyimbo zachikondi. Kugwira ntchito pamasiku opambana a nyimbo zamasewera ndi pulogalamu, woyimbayo adatsimikizira ndi ntchito yake kuthekera kwamitundu yakale, yolimbikitsidwa ndi malingaliro a wojambula wamakono. Pamwamba pa ntchito ya Brahms inali 4 symphonies, kusonyeza mbali zosiyanasiyana za dziko lapansi.

Tsiku lomwelo, 7 May 1840 zaka Wopeka kwambiri, mphunzitsi, wochititsa, wophunzitsa m'mbiri ya zaluso zanyimbo zapadziko lonse adabwera padziko lapansi - Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Anawona ntchito yake mu luso pokambirana moona mtima komanso moona mtima ndi omvera za mavuto omwe amawadetsa nkhawa. Ntchito yokhazikika ya tsiku ndi tsiku pakupanga nyimbo inali tanthauzo lonse la moyo wake.

Njira ya wolembayo inali yovuta, makolo ake ankafuna kumuwona ngati loya ndipo mnyamatayo anakakamizika kumvera chifuniro chawo ndi kulandira maphunziro oyenera. Koma moyo wake ankafuna nyimbo, ndipo Tchaikovsky anasiya utumiki chifukwa cha ntchito monga wopeka. Maestro ndi katswiri pamasewera a ballet. Anaika nyimbo za ballet mofanana ndi luso la opera ndi symphonic art, kutsimikizira kuti sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'chilengedwe (kutsagana ndi kuvina). Ma ballet ake ndi zisudzo sasiya dziko siteji ya zisudzo.

11 May 1855 zaka woimira m'badwo wachichepere wa olemba achi Russia adabadwa - Anatoly Lyadov. Pakatikati pa ntchito yake ndi nthano zachi Russia. Zolemba zake zimakhala ndi mawu osawoneka bwino, owonetsa mwaluso za chilengedwe, komanso kuphatikizika kwazinthu zamtundu. Chinthu chachikulu kwa iye chinali kuphatikiza kukongola kwachisawawa ndi mgwirizano wamtundu. Zina mwa ntchito zake zabwino kwambiri ndi tinyimbo tating'ono ta "Kikimora" ndi "Baba Yaga", nyimbo yodziwika bwino "About Antiquity", makonzedwe a nyimbo zamtundu. Lyadov adadziwonetsanso ngati mphunzitsi waluso. Ophunzira ake anali B. Asafiev, S. Prokofiev, N. Myaskovsky.

15 May 1567 zaka woimira wowala kwambiri wa Renaissance anabadwa, Claudio Monteverdi. Iye, monga palibe pa nthawi imeneyo, anatha kufotokoza tsoka la moyo mu opera, kuwulula kuya kwa anthu otchulidwa. Monteverdi anakana malamulo okhazikitsidwa ndi chilengedwe ndipo amakhulupirira kuti nyimbo ziyenera kutsatira zomwe mtima wake umafuna, osati kulowerera pamisonkhano. Kutchuka kwambiri kwa woimbayo kunabweretsa kupanga mu 1607 ku Mantua wa opera "Orpheus".

22 May 1813 zaka wokonzanso wamkulu wa sewero la opera anabwera padziko lapansi Richard wagner. Ma opera ake oyambirira amalemekeza miyambo. Zomwe zidapangitsa kuti tiganizirenso zamtunduwu zinali zomwe zidasintha ku Europe chapakati pazaka za zana la XNUMX. Wagner anakonzanso malingaliro ake aluso ndi kuwafotokoza m'mabuku angapo ofotokozera. Iwo adapeza mawonekedwe anyimbo mu tetralogy "Ring of the Nibelung".

Master virtuosos

1 May 1873 zaka woimira wowala wa sukulu limba Russian anabadwa Konstantin Igumnov. Omvera adawona malingaliro ake apadera pa piyano ndi machitidwe, ngati kuti akukambirana ndi omvera. Igumnov ndi mmodzi mwa oimba omwe sanatsatire zotsatira zakunja, koma adaimba limba.

Monga mphunzitsi, Igumnov anali wokhwima ndi ophunzira ake. Anawaphunzitsa choonadi chaluso, chilengedwe mu kuphedwa, chuma ndi kuchuluka kwa njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Posewerera komanso kuchita bwino kwa ophunzira ake, adapeza kufewa, kumveka bwino, mawu omveka bwino apulasitiki.

8 May 1901 zaka Petersburg, woyimba piyano wina wodziwika bwino adabadwa - Vladimir Sofronitsky. Wosewera uyu ndi wapadera, sangafanane ndi mnzake aliyense. Kutanthauzira kwake kwa piyano kunayerekezedwa ndi zojambula za Vrubel, ndakatulo za Blok, ndi mabuku a Green. Otsutsa adanena kuti ntchito ya Sofronitsky ndi "nyimbo hypnosis", kuvomereza kosasunthika kwa wojambulayo.

Vladimir Sofronitsky - Mtheradi Pitch

Woyimba piyano ankakonda maholo ang'onoang'ono a chipinda, omvera "ake". Sanalekerere kuchita zinthu mongoyerekezera, zongoyerekezera. Sofronitsky anaphunzira mapulogalamu ake mosamala, kwa nthawi yaitali. Ngakhale m'mawu obwerezabwereza, adakwanitsa kupeza mawu osiyanasiyana.

Milandu

May 1, 1786 ku Vienna "Burgtheater" inali yoyamba ya wokondedwa ndi mamiliyoni a mafani a opera, yomwe ili ndi W. Mozart, "The Marriage of Figaro". Ntchitoyi yakhazikitsa mbiri yakale: ndi ntchito yakale kwambiri yomwe imapezeka nthawi zonse m'mabwalo onse akuluakulu a opera padziko lapansi.

Pa May 7, 1824, ku Vienna, ku Carinthian Gate Theatre, kuyambika kwa 9th symphony ya L. Beethoven kunachitika. Ngakhale kuti panali zoyeserera zochepa, ndipo zotsatira zake sizinaphunziridwe bwino, sewerolo lidachita bwino kwambiri. Ndipo ngakhale Beethoven mwiniwake sakanatha kuchita chifukwa cha kutayika kwathunthu kwa kumva, adayima pakona ya siteji ndikuwonetsa mtsogoleri wa gulu I. Umlauf tempo ya kayendedwe kalikonse. Kuti woimbayo awone zomwe omverawo adakondwera nazo, omvera adaponya misomali ndi zipewa, ambiri analira. Pokhapokha apolisi akanatha kukhazika mtima pansi anthu. Kuchokera pamalingaliro ochulukirapo, Beethoven adataya mphamvu zake.

L. Beethoven - Symphony No. 9 - zotsalira za filimu "Rewriting Beethoven"

Wolemba - Victoria Denisova