Nyimbo zopanda chord |
German akkordfremde or harmoniefremde Töne, English. ma toni osagwirizana, zolemba zaku French étrangere, ital. onani accidentali melodiche kapena note ornamentali
Zomveka zomwe sizili mbali ya nyimbo. N. h. kulemeretsa zolumikizana. ma consonances, kuyambitsa nyimbo mwa iwo. mphamvu yokoka, kusinthasintha kamvekedwe ka nyimbo, kupanga maulalo owonjezera anyimbo-ntchito mu ubale nawo. N. h. amagawidwa makamaka kutengera njira yolumikizirana ndi zomveka: do N. z. ku kugunda kolemera kwa chitsulocho, ndi kumveketsa kwa chopepuka, kapena mosiyana, amatero N. z. kubwerera? kwa chord choyambirira kapena kupita mu nyimbo ina, kaya N. z akuwonekera. m’kuyenda kopita patsogolo kapena kutengedwa mwadzidzidzi, kaya N. z. kuyenda kwachiwiri kapena kuponyedwa, etc. Pali zotsatirazi zazikulu. Mitundu ya N. H.:
1) kutsekeredwa (chidule: h); 2) appoggiatura (ap); 3) phokoso lodutsa (n); 4) mawu othandizira (c); 5) cambiata (ku), kapena kuponyedwa mwadzidzidzi wothandizira; 6) kulumpha toni (sk) - kutsekeredwa kapena wothandizira, kutengedwa popanda kukonzekera ndikusiyidwa. popanda chilolezo; 7) kwezani (pm) (zitsanzo 1-7).
Mitundu ya Nek-ry N. h. amafanana ndipo amapanga makalasi akuluakulu:
I - kusunga (kusungira kwenikweni ndi appoggiatura, komanso kulumpha pa kugunda kolemera), II - kudutsa, III - wothandizira (kwenikweni wothandiza, cambiata, kulumpha pa kugunda kosavuta), IV- patsogolo.
Udindo wa N. h. amatha kupanga mawu okhazikika m'mawu apamwamba ndi apakati (chitsanzo 8). Ku N.h. nthawi zina pali sekondale N. h. kapena N.h. dongosolo lachiwiri (chitsanzo 9). Kuphatikiza kwa N. H. nthawi zina zimamveka ngati choyimba chokhazikika chokhala ndi chords (chimatchedwa chojambula chongoganizira, onani mwachitsanzo 10 kuchedwa kwautali ku katatu kakang'ono, kumveka ngati kakang'ono kosaimba; es=dis). Zonse N. H. kukhala potsirizira pake (nthawi zina movutikira) moyandikana ndi ma chordal, omwe amadalira. Chofunikira chogwira ntchito cha N. z. ndiko kufunikira kozindikirika kwa kusamvana kwawo (onani zitsanzo 1-5, 9-10), mmene amasiyanirana ndi mawu owonjezera (malinga ndi Rameau, “ajoutye”) mamvekedwe kapena mamvekedwe a m’mbali; mamvekedwe a kulumpha amawoneka kuti amathetsedwa ndi phokoso la mawu ena; phokoso lokhazikika limvera malamulo a chiwalo. Chigamulo N. h. itha kukhalanso yovuta kwambiri (AN Scriabin, sonata 4, gawo 1, vol. 2). N. h. zotheka nthawi imodzi. m'mawu angapo, mpaka kutembenukira kukhala mtundu wapadera wa liniya ntchito chords - kuchedwa chords (L. Beethoven, Adagio wa 9 symphony, vols. 11, 18), kudutsa (JS Bach, 3rd Brandenburg Concerto, gawo 1, v. 2 kuchokera kumapeto), wothandizira (SS Prokofiev, "Romeo ndi Juliet", No. 25, kuvina ndi mandolins), masitepe (PI Tchaikovsky, sonata kwa piyano, v. 1-4). Kugawa kwanthawi zonse N. z. (makamaka kudutsa) pa harmonic. kutsatizana, kutalika kwa maupangiri othandizira mapangidwe amatha kukongoletsa ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuphimba zoyambira. kuphatikiza (mwachitsanzo, kusuntha V-IV mu mipiringidzo 1-2 ya Scriabin's prelude mu D-dur op. 11). Gulu H. h.:
Zothandizira: Rimsky-Korsakov NA, Buku Lothandiza la Chigwirizano, vol. 1-2, St. Petersburg, 1884-85, chimodzimodzi, Poln. coll. izi., vol. IV, M., 1960; Taneev S., Mobile counterpoint yolemba mwamphamvu, Leipzig, 1909, yemweyo, M., 1959; Catuar G., Theoretical course of harmony, gawo 2, M., 1925; Tyulin Yu. N., Chitsogozo chothandizira pakuwunikiridwa kwa mawu ogwirizana ozikidwa pa Bach's chorales, L., 1927 (pa tsamba lamutu: Mawu Oyamba …); Sposobin I., Dubovsky I., Evseev S., Njira yothandiza yogwirizana, gawo 2, M., 1935; Riemann H., Katechismus der Harmonielehre, Lpz., 1890; Schenker H., Neue musikalische Theorien und Phantasien, Bd 1, B. – Stuttg., 1906, Bd 3, W., 1935, 1956; Hindemith P., Unterweisung im Tonsatz, Tl 1, Mainz, 1937, neue Ausg., 1940; Piston W., Harmony, NY, 1941; Karastoyanov A., Polyphonic Harmony, Sofia, 1959 (mu kumasulira kwa Chirasha - Polyphonic Harmony, M., 1964).
Yu. N. Kholopov
