Ralph Vaughan Williams |

Ralph Vaughan Williams

Wolemba nyimbo wachingerezi, woyimba komanso woyimba pagulu, wosonkhanitsa komanso wofufuza za nyimbo zachingerezi. Anaphunzira ku Trinity College, Cambridge University ndi C. Wood komanso ku Royal College of Music ku London (1892-96) ndi X. Parry ndi C. Stanford (zolemba), W. Parrett (organ); adapanga bwino ndi M. Bruch ku Berlin, ndi M. Ravel ku Paris. Kuyambira 1896-99 anali woimba ku South Lambeth Church ku London. Kuyambira 1904 wakhala membala wa Folk Song Society. Kuyambira 1919 adaphunzitsa nyimbo ku Royal College of Music (kuyambira 1921 pulofesa). Mu 1920-28 mutu wa Bach Choir.

Vaughan Williams ndi m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa sukulu yatsopano yachingerezi ("English musical Renaissance"), yomwe idalengeza kufunikira kopanga nyimbo zamaluso zadziko potengera nyimbo zachingerezi komanso miyambo ya akatswiri achingerezi azaka za 16th ndi 17th; adatsimikizira malingaliro ake ndi ntchito yake, kuwaphatikiza muzolemba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana: 3 "Norfolk rhapsodies" ("Norfolk rhapsodies", 1904-06) ya okhestra ya symphony, zongopeka pamutu wa Tallis kwa oimba a zingwe ziwiri ("Fantasia on mutu wa Tallis ", 1910), 2nd London Symphony ("London symphony", 1914, 2nd ed. 1920), opera "Hugh the Gurtmaker" (op. 1914), etc.

Zochita zake zofunika kwambiri ndizoimba za symphonic ndi kwaya. M'mabuku angapo a symphonic a Vaughan Williams, nkhani za mbiri yakale ya anthu a Chingerezi zimaphatikizidwa, zithunzi zenizeni za moyo wamakono a England zimakonzedwanso, nyimbo zomwe adazijambula makamaka kuchokera ku nyimbo zachingerezi.

Nyimbo za symphonic za Vaughan-Williams zimasiyanitsidwa ndi chikhalidwe chawo chochititsa chidwi (4th symphony), kumveka bwino kwa nyimbo, luso lotsogolera mawu, ndi luso loimba, momwe mphamvu za Impressionists zimamveka. Zina mwa nyimbo zazikuluzikulu za mawu, symphonic ndi kwaya ndi oratorios ndi cantatas opangidwa kuti aziimba tchalitchi. Pa ma opera, "Sir John mu Chikondi" ("Sir John mu Chikondi", 1929, yochokera ku "The Windsor Gossips" ndi W. Shakespeare) amasangalala kwambiri. Vaughan Williams anali m'modzi mwa olemba nyimbo achingerezi omwe adagwira ntchito mwachangu mufilimuyi (nyimbo yake yachisanu ndi chiwiri inalembedwa pamaziko a nyimbo za filimuyi ponena za wofufuza wa polar RF Scott).

Ntchito ya Vaughan-Williams imadziwika ndi kukula kwa malingaliro, chiyambi cha nyimbo ndi njira zowonetsera, umunthu ndi kukonda dziko lako. Zolemba komanso zolemba za Vaughan-Williams zidathandiza kwambiri pakupanga chikhalidwe cha nyimbo zachingerezi chazaka za zana la 20.

MM Yakovlev

Zolemba:

machitidwe (6) - Hugh woyendetsa (1924, London), Kupsompsona kwapoizoni (Kupsompsona kwa poizoni, 1936, Cambridge), Okwera kunyanja (1937, London), Kupita patsogolo kwa oyendayenda, ayi ku Benyan, 1951, London) ndi ena. ; ballet — Old King Cole (Old King Cole, 1923), Khrisimasi usiku (Usiku wa Khrisimasi, 1926, Chicago), Job (Job, 1931, London); zofotokozera, cantatas; za orchestra - 9 ma symphonies (1909-58), kuphatikiza. mapulogalamu - 1st, Marine (A sea symphony, 1910, kwaya, soloists ndi orchestra ku mawu a W. Whitman), 3rd, Pastoral (Pastoral, 1921), 6th (1947, after "The Tempest" by U. Shakespeare), 7, Antarctic (Sinfonia antarctica, 1952); nyimbo zoimbira, ma ensembles a chipinda; piyano ndi limba nyimbo; kwaya, nyimbo; makonzedwe a nyimbo zachingerezi; nyimbo za zisudzo ndi cinema.

Ntchito zamalemba: Mapangidwe a nyimbo. Afterword and notes a SA Kondratiev, M., 1961.

Zothandizira: Konen W., Ralph Vaughan Williams. Nkhani pa Moyo ndi Kupanga, M., 1958.