Ngala: kufotokoza kwa chida, kapangidwe, phokoso, mbiri, mitundu, ntchito

Kholo lakale kwambiri la zida zoimbira ndi maseche. Kunja kosavuta, kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga mawonekedwe okongola modabwitsa, atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito payekhapayekha kapena kumveka kuphatikiza ndi oyimira ena a banja la orchestral.

Ngala ndi chiyani

Mtundu wa membranophone, phokoso lomwe limatulutsidwa ndi kumenyedwa kwa zala kapena zitsulo zamatabwa. Kapangidwe kake ndi kamphepo kamene kamatambasulira nembanembayo. Phokosoli limakhala ndi mawu osawerengeka. Pambuyo pake, pamaziko a chida ichi, ng'oma ndi maseche zidzawonekera.

chipangizo

Membranophone imakhala ndi chitsulo kapena matabwa, pomwe nembanemba imatambasulidwa. Mu classic version, iyi ndi khungu la nyama. Mwa anthu osiyanasiyana, zida zina zimatha kukhala ngati membrane. Zitsulo zimayikidwa m'mphepete mwake. Ngala zina zili ndi mabelu; akamenyedwa pa nembanemba, amapanga phokoso lowonjezera lomwe limagwirizanitsa ng'oma ndi kulira.

History

Zida zoimbira zokhala ngati ng'oma m'nthaŵi zakale zinali pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Ku Asia, idawonekera m'zaka za zana la II-III, nthawi yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Greece. Kuchokera kuchigawo cha Asia, maseche akuyenda kumadzulo ndi kummawa kunayamba. Chidacho chidagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Ireland, ku Italy ndi Spain chidadziwika. Atamasuliridwa ku Chitaliyana, maseche amatchedwa tambirino. Chifukwa chake mawuwa adasokonekera, koma kwenikweni maseche ndi maseche ndi zida zogwirizana.

Ma membranophones adagwira ntchito yapadera mu shamanism. Phokoso lawo linatha kubweretsa omvera ku chikhalidwe cha hypnotic, kuwaika m'maganizo. Asing'anga aliyense anali ndi chida chake, palibe amene akanachigwira. Chikopa cha ng’ombe kapena nkhosa ankachigwiritsa ntchito ngati nembanemba. Anakokedwa pamphepete ndi zingwe, zomangika ndi mphete yachitsulo.

Ku Russia, maseche anali chida chankhondo. Kulira kwake kunachititsa kuti asilikali ayambe kulimbana ndi adaniwo. Omenya ankagwiritsidwa ntchito potulutsa mawu. Pambuyo pake, membranophone inakhala chizindikiro cha maholide achikunja. Kotero ku Shrovetide buffoons mothandizidwa ndi maseche otchedwa anthu.

Zida zoimbira zidali mbali yofunika kwambiri ya nyimbo zotsatizana ndi Nkhondo Zamtanda ku Southern Europe. Kumadzulo, kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 22, wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu oimba a symphony. Kukula kwa mkombero wokhala ndi mbale kunali kosiyana pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana. Seche yaying'ono kwambiri "kanjira" idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Amwenye, kukula kwa chida choimbira sikunapitirire 60 centimita. Chachikulu kwambiri - pafupifupi masentimita XNUMX - ndi mtundu waku Ireland wa "bojran". Amaseweredwa ndi ndodo.

Mtundu woyambirira wa maseche adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Asing'anga a Yakut ndi Altai. Mkati mwake munali chogwirira. Chida choterocho chinadziwika kuti "Tungur". Ndipo ku Middle East, khungu la sturgeon linkagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma membranophone. "Gaval" kapena "daf" anali ndi mawu apadera, ofewa.

Zosiyanasiyana

Seche ndi chida choimbira chomwe sichinataye tanthauzo lake ngakhale patapita nthawi. Masiku ano, mitundu iwiri ya ma membranophones imasiyanitsidwa:

• Orchestral - yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la oimba a symphony, idagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri munyimbo zamaluso. Zitsulo zachitsulo zimayikidwa muzitsulo zapadera mumphepete, nembanemba imapangidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena chikopa. Ziwalo za maseche a okhestra m'magulu amaikidwa pa wolamulira mmodzi.
• Ethnic - mitundu yochuluka kwambiri pamawonekedwe ake. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazamankhwala. Ngala imatha kuwoneka mosiyanasiyana, kukhala ndi makulidwe amitundu yonse. Kuphatikiza pa zinganga, pamawu osiyanasiyana, mabelu amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amakokedwa pawaya pansi pa nembanemba. Kufalikira mu chikhalidwe cha shamanic. Zokongoletsedwa ndi zojambula, zojambula pamphepete.

kugwiritsa

Nyimbo zamakono zotchuka zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito maseche. Nthawi zambiri imatha kumveka m'nyimbo za rock "Deep Purple", "Black Sabata". Phokoso la chidacho nthawi zonse limakhala m'njira za anthu ndi ethno-fusion. Ngala nthawi zambiri imadzaza mipata ya mawu. Mmodzi mwa oyamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira iyi kukongoletsa nyimbo anali Liam Gallagher, mtsogoleri wa gulu la Oasis. Ngala ndi maraca zidalowa m'zolemba zake pakapita nthawi pomwe adasiya kuyimba, ndikupanga kutsagana koyimbidwa koyambirira.

Zingaoneke ngati maseche ndi chida chomveka choimbira chimene aliyense angathe kuchidziwa bwino. Ndipotu, kuti munthu waluso aziimba maseche amafunika kukhala ndi khutu lomveka bwino komanso lomveka bwino. Ma virtuosos owona akusewera membranophone amakonza ziwonetsero zenizeni kuchokera pakuchita, kuponyera, kumenya mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi, kusintha liwiro la kugwedezeka. Oimba aluso amamupangitsa kuti azingotulutsa mawu omveka bwino kapena osamveka bwino. Seche imatha kulira, "kuyimba", kulodza, kukukakamizani kuti mumvetsere kusintha kulikonse kwa phokoso lapadera.