Mutu wa nyimbo muzolemba zolemba

Kodi maziko a nyimbo ndi zolembalemba ndi chiyani, zomwe zimalimbikitsa olemba awo? Zithunzi zawo, mitu, zolinga, ziwembu zimakhala ndi mizu yofanana; amabadwa kuchokera ku zenizeni za dziko lozungulira.

Ndipo ngakhale nyimbo ndi zolemba zimawonetsedwa m'zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana, zimafanana kwambiri. Chofunikira kwambiri paubwenzi wamitundu iyi ya zaluso ndi mawu. Mawu achikondi, achisoni, achisangalalo, ankhawa, aulemu komanso osangalatsa amapezeka m'mawu olembedwa komanso oimba.

Mwa kuphatikiza mawu ndi nyimbo, nyimbo ndi zachikondi zimabadwa, momwe, kuwonjezera pa mawu amalingaliro amalingaliro, mkhalidwe wamaganizo umaperekedwa kupyolera mu nyimbo zomveka. Mitundu ya ma modal, rhythm, nyimbo, mawonekedwe, kutsagana kumapanga zithunzi zaluso zapadera. Aliyense amadziwa kuti nyimbo, ngakhale popanda mawu, kupyolera mu kusakanikirana kwa phokoso lokha, zimatha kuyambitsa mayanjano osiyanasiyana ndi zosokoneza zamkati mwa omvera.

"Nyimbo zimatengera mphamvu zathu zisanafike m'maganizo mwathu."

Wachinyamata

Aliyense wa anthu ali ndi maganizo ake pa nyimbo - kwa ena ndi ntchito, kwa ena ndi zosangalatsa, kwa ena ndi maziko osangalatsa, koma aliyense amadziwa za ntchito ya luso limeneli m'moyo ndi tsogolo la anthu.

Koma nyimbo, zomwe zimatha kufotokoza mobisa komanso mozama mmene moyo wa munthu zilili, zimakhalabe ndi zotheka zochepa. Ngakhale kuti ali ndi chuma chosatsutsika m'maganizo, alibe zenizeni - kuti awone bwino chithunzi chotumizidwa ndi wolembayo, womvera ayenera "kutsegula" malingaliro ake. Komanso, mu nyimbo imodzi yachisoni, omvera osiyanasiyana "adzawona" zithunzi zosiyana - nkhalango yamvula ya autumn, kutsanzikana kwa okonda papulatifomu, kapena tsoka la maliro.

Ndicho chifukwa chake, kuti awonekere kwambiri, zojambulajambula zamtunduwu zimalowa mu symbiosis ndi zaluso zina. Ndipo, nthawi zambiri, ndi mabuku. Koma kodi symbiosis iyi? Chifukwa chiyani olemba - olemba ndakatulo ndi olemba prose - nthawi zambiri amakhudza mutu wa nyimbo muzolemba? Kodi chithunzi cha nyimbo pakati pa mizere chimapereka chiyani kwa owerenga?

Malinga ndi kunena kwa Christoph Gluck, wopeka nyimbo wotchuka wa ku Viennese, “nyimbo ziyenera kuchita mogwirizana ndi ntchito yandakatulo mofanana ndi mmene kuwala kwa mitundu kumachitira poyerekezera ndi kujambula kolondola.” Ndipo kwa Stéphane Mallarmé, wokhulupirira zophiphiritsa, nyimbo ndi voliyumu yowonjezera yomwe imapatsa owerenga zithunzi zowoneka bwino, zowoneka bwino za zenizeni za moyo.

Zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana zobereketsa komanso njira zowonera zaluso zamtunduwu zimawapangitsa kukhala osiyana komanso kutali wina ndi mnzake. Koma cholinga, monga chinenero chilichonse, ndi chimodzi - kupereka zambiri kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa wina. Mawuwo, choyamba, amapita ku malingaliro ndipo kenaka kumamva. Koma sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zotheka kupeza kufotokozera kwapakamwa pa chilichonse. M’midzidzi yotereyi yodzala ndi chisangalalo, nyimbo zimandithandiza. Chifukwa chake amataya mawuwo mwachindunji, koma amapambana pazolinga zamalingaliro. Pamodzi, mawu ndi nyimbo zili pafupifupi mphamvu zonse.

Nyimbo zomwe "zimamveka" m'mabuku, nkhani zazifupi ndi nkhani zimaphatikizidwa m'mabuku amenewa osati mwangozi. Amakhala ndi nkhokwe ya chidziwitso ndipo amagwira ntchito zina:

• Mutu wanyimbo monga chiwembu pakati pa ntchito ya mabuku (mutu wa nyimbo mu zolemba zolemba za Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy "Kreutzer Sonata", "Pambuyo pa Mpira").
• Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zithunzi zanyimbo kuti ziwonetsere kwambiri zamaganizo a anthu olemba ("Kreutzer Sonata" - nyimbo ngati "kawiri" kwa khalidwe)
• Lingaliro la wolemba za wolemba zachokera pa chithunzi cha woimba, maganizo ake za moyo, nyimbo, ndi anthu ozungulira iye (monga ntchito "Mozart ndi Salieri" ndi Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin ndi "Cavalier Gluck" ndi Theodor. Amadeus Hoffmann).
• Kupanga zolemba zozikidwa pamapangidwe a nyimbo ("Mozart ndi Salieri" ndi AS Pushkin ndizofanana ndi "Requiem," luso lomaliza la wopeka wanzeru, ndakatulo za Afanasy Fet zimafanana bwino ndi chikondi, ndipo zina za Boris Pasternak. kusintha kwa nyimbo).

Mutu wa nyimbo m'mabuku olembedwa umamvekanso pakugwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira zithunzi. Kubwereza, kulemba mawu, zithunzi za leitmotif - zonsezi zinabwera ku mabuku kuchokera ku nyimbo.

"... zaluso zimasinthidwa nthawi zonse, zaluso zamtundu wina zimapitilira ndikumalizidwa kwina." Romain Rolland

Chifukwa chake, chithunzi cha nyimbo pakati pa mizere "chimatsitsimutsa", chimawonjezera "mtundu" ndi "voliyumu" kuzithunzi zamtundu umodzi wa otchulidwa ndi zochitika zomwe amakumana nazo pamasamba a zolemba.