Tonality thermometer: chowonadi chosangalatsa ...

Kodi mumadziwa zomwe zimatchedwa "toni thermometer"? Dzina labwino, chabwino? Musadabwe, oimba amatcha tonal thermometer chiwembu chimodzi chosangalatsa, chofanana ndi dongosolo la bwalo la quarto-fifth.

Chofunikira pa chiwembuchi ndikuti fungulo lililonse limakhala ndi chizindikiro pamlingo kutengera kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro zazikulu momwemo. Mwachitsanzo, mu G yaikulu pali imodzi yakuthwa, mu D yaikulu pali awiri, mu A yaikulu muli atatu, ndi zina zotero. Mogwirizana ndi izi, pamene pali fungulo lamphamvu kwambiri, "kutentha" kwake kumakhala "kutentha" ndi "kutentha" kwake. kukweza malo omwe imakhala pa sikelo ya "thermometer".

Koma makiyi athyathyathya amafananizidwa ndi "kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono", kotero pakakhala ma flats chosiyana ndi chowona: ma flats ambiri mu kiyi, "ozizira" ndi otsika malo ake pa tonal thermometer scale.

Tonality thermometer - zonse zoseketsa komanso zowoneka!

Monga momwe tikuonera pa chithunzichi, makiyi omwe ali ndi chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha zizindikiro zazikulu ndi C-charp chachikulu ndi ofanana ndi A-lakuthwa kakang'ono ndi C-flat yaikulu ndi yofanana ndi A-flat yaying'ono. Amakhala ndi zipinda zisanu ndi ziwiri zakuthwa. Pa thermometer, amakhala ndi malo apamwamba kwambiri pamlingo: C-charp chachikulu ndi kiyi "yotentha kwambiri", ndipo C-flat yaikulu ndi "yozizira kwambiri".

Makiyi omwe mulibe zizindikiro zazikulu - ndipo izi ndi C zazikulu ndi A zazing'ono - zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chizindikiro cha zero pamlingo wa thermometer: ali ndi zero sharps ndi zero flats.

Pa makiyi ena onse, poyang'ana pa thermometer yathu, mutha kuyika mosavuta kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro mu kiyi. Komanso, kumtunda kwa tonality kumakhala pamlingo, "kutentha" ndi "kuthwa" kumakhala, ndipo, mosiyana, kutsika kwa tonality kumakhala pamlingo, "kuzizira" ndi "flat" ndiko.

Kuti zimveke bwino, ndinaganiza zopanga sikelo ya thermometer kukhala yamitundu. Makiyi akuthwa onse amayikidwa mozungulira mozungulira mofiyira: zizindikiro zambiri mu fungulo, mtunduwo umakhala wolemera - kuchokera ku pinki yowoneka bwino kupita ku chitumbuwa chakuda. Makiyi onse ophwanyika ali mozungulira ndi tint ya buluu: pamene mdima wandiweyani, mthunzi wa buluu umakhala wobiriwira - kuchokera ku buluu wotumbululuka kupita ku buluu wakuda.

Pakatikati, monga momwe mungaganizire, pali bwalo la turquoise la masikelo osalowerera ndale - C yaikulu ndi A yaying'ono - makiyi omwe mulibe zizindikiro pa fungulo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito thermometer ya tonality.

Chifukwa chiyani mukufunikira tonal thermometer? Momwemo, momwe ndidakupatsirani, imatha kukhala pepala laling'ono losavuta lowongolera pazizindikiro zazikulu, ndi chithunzi chomwe chingakuthandizeni kuphunzira ndikukumbukira matani onsewa.

Koma cholinga chenicheni cha thermometer, kwenikweni, chagona kwinakwake! Zapangidwa kuti ziwerengetse mosavuta kusiyana kwa chiwerengero cha zilembo zazikulu za toni ziwiri zosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, pakati pa B wamkulu ndi G wamkulu pali kusiyana kwa zakuthwa zinayi. Chachikulu chimasiyananso ndi F chachikulu ndi zizindikiro zinayi. Koma izi zitha bwanji??? Kupatula apo, A wamkulu ali ndi zakuthwa zitatu, ndipo F yayikulu ili ndi lathyathyathya imodzi yokha, zizindikiro zinayizi zidachokera kuti?

Yankho la funsoli limaperekedwa ndi thermometer yathu yofunika: Yaikulu ili mu "kuphatikiza" gawo la sikelo pakati pa makiyi akuthwa, mpaka "zero" C yaikulu - manambala atatu okha; F yaikulu imatenga gawo loyamba la sikelo ya "minus", ndiko kuti, ili pakati pa makiyi athyathyathya, kuchokera ku C yaikulu mpaka palimodzi; 3+1=4 - ndizosavuta…

Ndizodabwitsa kuti kusiyana pakati pa makiyi akutali kwambiri mu thermometer (C-sharp major ndi C-flat major) ndi zilembo 14: 7 sharps + 7 flats.

Kodi mungapeze bwanji zizindikiro zazikulu za tonality yomweyo pogwiritsa ntchito thermometer ya tonality?

Izi ndi zomwe zalonjezedwa zosangalatsa za thermometer iyi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti makiyi a dzina lomwelo amasiyana ndi zizindikiro zitatu. Ndiroleni ndikukumbutseni kuti makiyi a dzina lomwelo ndi omwe ali ndi tonic yofanana, koma yosiyana modal (chabwino, mwachitsanzo, F yayikulu ndi F yaying'ono, kapena E yayikulu ndi E yaying'ono, etc.).

Chifukwa chake, mu ang'onoang'ono a dzina lomwelo nthawi zonse pamakhala zizindikiro zitatu zochepa poyerekeza ndi zazikulu za dzina lomwelo. Mu zazikulu za dzina lomwelo, poyerekeza ndi wamng'ono wa dzina lomwelo, m'malo mwake, pali zizindikiro zina zitatu.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati tidziwa kuti ndi zizindikiro zingati zomwe zili mu D yaikulu (ndipo ili ndi zosongoka ziwiri - F ndi C), ndiye kuti tikhoza kuwerengera mosavuta zizindikiro za D zazing'ono. Kuti tichite izi, timatsika magawo atatu a thermometer m'munsi, ndipo timapeza lathyathyathya (chabwino, popeza pali chipinda chimodzi, ndiye kuti B flat). Ngati chonchi!

Mawu omaliza…

Kunena zowona, sindinagwiritsepo ntchito tonality thermometer ndekha, ngakhale ndakhala ndikudziwa za kukhalapo kwa chiwembu chotere kwa zaka 7-8. Ndipo kotero, masiku angapo apitawo, ndinalinso ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi thermometer iyi. Chidwi ndi icho chinadzutsidwa ndi funso lomwe m'modzi mwa owerenga adanditumizira imelo. Zomwe ndimamuthokoza kwambiri!

Ndinkafunanso kunena kuti thermometer ya tonality ili ndi "woyambitsa," ndiko kuti, wolemba. Sindinakumbukirebe dzina lake. Ndikangoipeza, ndikudziwitsani! Zonse! Bye!