Václav Smetáček |

Wolemba Smetacek

Zochita za Vaclav Smetacek zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kutchuka kwa imodzi mwanyimbo zabwino kwambiri za symphony ku Czechoslovakia - Symphony Orchestra ya Main City of Prague, monga momwe imatchulidwira. Oimba ili linakhazikitsidwa mu 1934, ndipo Smetachek anatsogolera mu zaka zovuta za nkhondo. M'malo mwake, kondakitala ndi gululo adakula ndikukulitsa luso lawo limodzi, pantchito yowawa tsiku ndi tsiku.

Komabe, Smetachek anabwera ku orchestra kale ndi maphunziro aakulu ndi mabuku. Ku Prague Conservatory adaphunzira nyimbo, kusewera oboe komanso kuchita ndi P. Dedechek ndi M. Dolezhal (1928-1930). Panthawi imodzimodziyo, Smetachek anamvetsera nkhani za filosofi, aesthetics ndi musicology ku yunivesite ya Charles. Kenako wochititsa tsogolo ntchito kwa zaka zingapo monga oboist mu Czech Philharmonic Orchestra, kumene anaphunzira zambiri, kuchita motsogozedwa ndi V. Talich. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyambira masiku ake ophunzira, anali membala ndi mzimu wamagulu ambiri am'chipinda, kuphatikiza Prague Brass Quintet, yomwe Smetacek adayambitsa ndikuwongolera mpaka 1956.

Smetachek anayamba ntchito yake akuchita ntchito pa wailesi, kumene poyamba anali mlembi wa dipatimenti ya nyimbo, ndiyeno mkulu wa dipatimenti yojambulira mawu. Apa iye anatsogolera okhestra kwa nthawi yoyamba, anapanga nyimbo zake zoyamba pa nyimbo, ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo anali woyimba kwaya wotchuka Prague Verb. Kotero ntchito ndi Symphony Orchestra ya Mzinda Waukulu wa Prague sizinabweretse zovuta zaumisiri kwa Smetachek: panali zofunikira zonse kuti iye akule kukhala mmodzi wa ziwerengero zazikulu za zojambulajambula za Czech pambuyo pa kumasulidwa kwa dziko.

Ndipo kotero izo zinachitika. Masiku ano Praguers amadziwa ndi kumukonda Smetachek, omvera a mizinda ina yonse ya Czechoslovakia amadziwa luso lake, iye anaombedwa m'manja mu Romania ndi Italy, France ndi Hungary, Yugoslavia ndi Poland, Switzerland ndi England. Osati kokha ngati wochititsa symphony. Mwachitsanzo, okonda nyimbo ku Iceland yaing'ono anamva Smetana "The Bartered Bride" kwa nthawi yoyamba motsogoleredwa ndi iye. Mu 1961-1963 wochititsa bwino anachita m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ya USSR. Nthawi zambiri Smetachek maulendo ndi gulu lake, amene, fanizo ndi Vienna Symphony Orchestra, mosiyana ndi Prague Philharmonic, amatchedwanso "Prague Symphonies".

Smetachek ali ndi mwina chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha zolemba pakati pa anzake a ku Czechoslovakia - oposa mazana atatu. Ndipo ambiri a iwo alandira mphoto zapamwamba zapadziko lonse lapansi.

Smetachek sanangolera ndi kubweretsa oimba ake pakati pa oimba abwino kwambiri ku Ulaya, adapanga kukhala labotale yeniyeni ya nyimbo zamakono za Czechoslovakia. Mu machitidwe ake kwa zaka zoposa makumi awiri, chirichonse chatsopano chomwe chimapangidwa ndi oimba a Czechoslovakia chakhala chikumveka; Smetachek wapanga ma premieres a ntchito zambiri za B. Martinu, I. Krejci, J. Capra, I. Power, E. Suson, D. Kardos, V. Summer, J. Cikker ndi olemba ena.

Václav Smetáček adatsitsimutsanso nyimbo zambiri zamakedzana zaku Czech pabwalo la konsati, ndipo adachita bwino kwambiri popanga zolemba zazikulu za oratorio-cantata zamitundu yakale komanso yapadziko lonse lapansi.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969