Kodi Brass Quintet, Dixieland ndi Big Band ndi chiyani? Mitundu ya jazz ensembles

Mwayi nthawi zambiri mumamva mawu ngati "Dixieland" kapena "brass quintet" ndipo simunaganizire zambiri za tanthauzo lake. Mawu awa amatanthauza mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya jazi. Anthu ena amayesa kuwayika m'magulu pogwiritsa ntchito mayina a "kunja kwa nyanja", koma tiyesetsa kufotokoza zomwe ndi chiyani.

Kodi quintet yamkuwa ndi chiyani?

Mkuwa quintet ndi gulu lomwe ndilo maziko a maziko onse mu jazi. Mawu akuti "breaststroke" amamasuliridwa ku Russian kuti "mkuwa". "Quintet" amachokera ku "quint" - "faifi". Chifukwa chake zikuwoneka kuti quintet yamkuwa ndi gulu la oimba pa zida zisanu zamkuwa.

Zolemba zodziwika kwambiri: lipenga, lipenga (poyipa kwambiri alto), baritone, trombone ndi tuba (kapena bass-baritone). Chiwerengero chachikulu cha makonzedwe osiyanasiyana alembedwa pagulu loterolo, chifukwa kwenikweni, iyi ndi gulu laling'ono la oimba, pomwe lipenga limasewera ngati ng'oma ya msampha, ndipo tuba imagwira ntchito yayikulu.

Chifukwa chake, repertoire ya quintet yamkuwa imatha kukhala yosiyana kwambiri: Ine ndekha ndidamva nyimbo zotere zikuchita Habanera wodziwika bwino kuchokera ku opera ya Carmen, ndiye kuti, yapamwamba kwambiri. Koma, mwa njira, zomwe zimatchedwa munda repertoire zidzakhalanso zosangalatsa kusewera ndi izi: waltzes, romances. Kuchita kwa pop ndi pop-jazz ndizothekanso.

Kodi Dixieland ndi yotani?

Ngati muwonjezera banjo ndi mabasi awiri ku quintet yamkuwa (clarinet ingagwirizanenso bwino), mumapeza gulu losiyana kwambiri - Dixieland. "Dixieland" amatanthawuza kwenikweni kuti "Dziko la Dixie" (ndipo Dixie ndi dera lakumwera kwa dziko la America, lomwe nthawi ina linasankhidwa ndi azungu).

M'mbiri, Dixieland nthawi zambiri "amaperekedwa" osati nyimbo za jazi zomwe zimachokera ku miyambo ya anthu a Negro, koma ntchito za ku Ulaya zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawu awo ofewa, kusalala ndi nyimbo. Izi ndichifukwa choti a Dixielands adachita jazi "yoyera" ndipo sanatenge ma jazzmen wakuda m'magulu awo. Kapangidwe kake kamayang'ana kwambiri pakuyimba kowala, nyimbo za pop ndi jazz-pop.

Kodi tingatchule chiyani gulu lalikulu?

Ngati tiwonjezera gawo lalikulu la rhythmic ku Dixieland (ng'oma ndi zingwe za kiyibodi), yambitsani gawo la woodwind (ngati izi sizinachitike m'gulu loyambirira la Dixieland), komanso kuonjezera chiwerengero cha oimba omwe akuimba zida zogwirizana kuti apeze phokoso la polyphonic ndi kuluka kwa magawo, ndiye mumapeza gulu lalikulu kwambiri. Mu Chingerezi, "gulu lalikulu" limamasuliridwa kuti "gulu lalikulu".

M'malo mwake, mzerewu si waukulu kwambiri (mpaka anthu makumi awiri), koma umatengedwa kuti ndi gulu lathunthu la jazi, lokonzeka kuchita mitundu ingapo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana - kuyambira pakubowola mpaka nyimbo zodziwika bwino monga "IfeelGood" ndi James Brown kapena "WhataWonderfulWorld" Louis Armstrong.

Kotero, inu, owerenga okondedwa, mwaperekedwa ndi mitundu ikuluikulu ya jazz ensembles. Pambuyo pa kuunikira kokwanira koteroko mu "chisokonezo" chaching'ono ichi ndi chololedwa kumasuka pang'ono. Tili ndi nyimbo zabwino zomwe tikusungirani:

Leningrad Dixieland amasewera "Chunga-Changa"