Mbiri ya Balalaika

balalaika - moyo wa anthu Russian. Zingwe zitatu zimakhudza mamiliyoni a mitima. Ichi ndi chida chodulira anthu aku Russia. Njira yopangira mawu ikugwedezeka: kumenya zingwe zonse ndi zala zanu nthawi imodzi. Koma kodi Russia ndi kumene chidacho chidabadwira?

Origin

Malinga ndi mtundu wina, iye ndi wochokera ku Turkic. "Bala" mu Turkic amatanthauza "mwana". Kusewerapo kunamukhazika pansi mwanayo. Russia inali pansi pa goli la Mongol-Tatar kwa zaka 250. Mwinamwake ogonjetsawo anabweretsa ku dziko zida zomwe zinali makolo akutali a balalaika. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, dzinali limalumikizidwa ndi kaseweredwe ka balalaika. Amatanthauzidwa ngati balakan, joker, balabolstvo, strumming. Awa onse ndi mawu ogwirizana. Kuchokera apa kunabwera malingaliro a chida ngati chopanda pake, wamba.

Kutchulidwa koyamba kolembedwa kwa balalaika kunayamba kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 17. Ngakhale zaka mazana atatu zapitazo zinali zovuta kuganiza kuti chida ichi chikhoza kukwera siteji ya maholo oimba. M'zaka za m'ma XVII Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich The Quietest anapereka lamulo pamene analamula kuwotcha malipenga, azeze, domras. M'malingaliro ake - "zotengera za ziwanda." Ndipo amene samvera akulamulidwa kuthamangitsidwa. Buffoons ankakonda kusewera pa domra. Iwo ankaimba nyimbo zonyoza anthu olemekezeka ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo. N’chifukwa chiyani ankazunzidwa? Pambuyo pa chiletso, domra idzangotsala pang'ono kutha kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 17. Malo oyera amakhala ndi chida chatsopano chokhala ndi khosi lalitali ndi zingwe ziwiri. Palibe tchuthi limodzi ladziko lonse lomwe linatha popanda balalaika. Zowona, maonekedwe ake sanali ofanana ndi lero. Anthu wamba ankapanga luso lotereli pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zilizonse. Chakumpoto, zimenezi zinali zitsulo zamatabwa zokhala ndi zingwe za m’matumbo.

Amakhulupirira kuti balalaika woyamba anali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Ndiye spatula. Kusiyanasiyana kwa makulidwe ndi mawonekedwe ake kunali kodabwitsa. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, mawonekedwe a katatu anayamba. Amisiri anapanga balalaika kuchokera ku matabwa popanda msomali umodzi. Kukhalapo kwake konse, woyimba nyimbo wamakona atatu, anali kusintha mosalekeza.

Kupambana pa 18, kutsatiridwa ndi kuiwalika kwathunthu m'zaka za zana la 19. Balalaika anali kufa.

Tsiku la balalaika

Anaukitsidwa kuchokera ku kuiwalika ndi wolemekezeka, wokonda kwambiri Vasily Andreev. Anaganiza zosintha chidacho. Chilichonse chinakhala chovuta kwambiri. Opanga violin anachita manyazi kuigwira. Anthu apamwamba ankanyoza balalaika. Anali zosangalatsa za anthu wamba. Andreev anapeza ambuye. Anakwanitsa kuphunzira kusewera ndipo adapanga gulu lake.

Mu 1888, gululo linachita kwa nthawi yoyamba motsogoleredwa ndi Andreev ku St. Izi zinachitika mothandizidwa ndi Mfumu Alexander III. Chidacho chakwezedwa. Kuzungulira kwatsopano kwa chitukuko chake kwayamba. The balalaika wakhala osati anthu, komanso konsati chida. Kwa iye, iwo anayamba kulemba ntchito zovuta kwambiri. Palibe chithunzi chopanda pake chomwe chidatsala. Kuchokera kwa woyimba wachikale, balalaika pang'onopang'ono inasanduka chida chokongola cha akatswiri.

Kodi Vasily Andreev, yemwe adalenga balalaika pafupifupi kuyambira pachiyambi, amakayikira zomwe zingatheke mu chida chomwe chimapangidwa kuti chiziimba nyimbo? Masiku ano balalaika amakhala kutali kwambiri ndi mitundu yake yachikhalidwe. Sasiya kudabwa ndi mwayi wa zingwe zitatu zokha.

Tsopano iye waima patsogolo pa chitukuko cha chikhalidwe Russian. Chirichonse n'zotheka kuimba nyimbo pa izo. Kuyambira nyimbo zamtundu kupita ku nyimbo zachikale. Kusewera balalaika mozama komanso molimba kumamira mu moyo, kumabweretsa chisangalalo. Kusavuta kusewera komanso kusiyanasiyana kumapangitsa kukhala chida chapadera, chosayerekezeka cha anthu.