Kodi kamvekedwe ka chida changa ndi chiyani?

Tikaganiza zogula violin, viola, cello kapena double bass, kukopera maphunziro oyambirira ndikuyamba kuchita bwino, tikhoza kukumana ndi zovuta zina panjira yathu yaluso. Nthawi zina chidacho chimayamba kung'ung'udza, kung'ung'udza kapena kumveka kowuma komanso kosalala. N’chifukwa chiyani zimenezi zikuchitika? Muyenera kuphunzira mosamala zinthu zonse zomwe zimakhudza phokoso la chidacho.

Zowonjezera zolakwika

Nthawi zambiri, zingwe zakale ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwamawu. Kutengera wopanga komanso kulimba kwa masewerawo, zingwezo ziyenera kusinthidwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse. Kungoti chingwe sichinaduke sizikutanthauza kuti chikhoza kuseweredwa. Zingwezo zimangotha, zimasiya kumveka bwino, kumveka bwino, phokoso limakhala lachitsulo ndipo zimakhala zovuta kusamalira timbre, kapena kumveketsa bwino kwambiri. Ngati zingwezo sizinali zakale ndipo simukukonda mawu awo, ganizirani kuyesa chingwe chokwera mtengo kwambiri - ndizotheka kuti tapanga mokwanira kuti zida zotsika mtengo za ophunzira sizikwaniranso. N'zothekanso kuti zingwe zonyansa kwambiri zimalepheretsa kutulutsa mawu abwino. Zingwezo ziyenera kupukuta ndi nsalu youma pambuyo pa sewero lililonse, ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi kutsukidwa ndi mowa kapena zakumwa zapadera zomwe zimapangidwira izi.

Uta umathandizanso kwambiri pakumveka kwa chida. Phokoso likasiya kutikhutiritsa, tiyenera kuganizira ngati rosin yomwe timapaka pamiyendo si yakuda kapena yakale, komanso ngati zingwezo zimagwirabe ntchito. Zingwe zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yoposa chaka chimodzi ziyenera kusinthidwa pamene zimataya mphamvu ndipo sizidzagwedeza zingwe bwino.

Ngati zonse zili bwino ndi bristles, yang'anani ndodo ya uta, makamaka nsonga yake - ngati muwona zipsera pa ndodo kapena bondo (chinthu chomwe chili ndi bristles pamwamba pa uta), muyeneranso kukaonana ndi violin. wopanga.

Kuyika kolakwika kwa zida

Chifukwa chafupipafupi cha phokoso losafunikira ndikuyikanso koyipa kwa zida zomwe tagula. Onetsetsani kuti zomangira chibwano zamangidwa bwino. Izi siziyenera kukhala "zokakamiza" zomangitsa, komabe zogwirira ntchito zotayirira zingayambitse phokoso.

Chinanso ndi chibwano ndikuyika kwake. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kuti chibwano pansi sichikhudza tailpiece, makamaka tikamakanikiza kulemera kwa mutu wathu. Zigawo ziwirizi zikakhudzana, pamakhala phokoso. Zindikiraninso ma tuners abwino, otchedwa zomangira, monga nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti maziko awo (gawo loyandikana ndi tailpiece) ndi lotayirira ndipo limayambitsa phokoso losafunikira. Malo a choyimirira ayeneranso kufufuzidwa, chifukwa ngakhale kusuntha kwake pang'ono kungapangitse kuti phokoso likhale "lathyathyathya", chifukwa mafunde opangidwa ndi zingwezo samasamutsidwa bwino ku mbale zonse za soundboard.

General luso chikhalidwe

Tikayang'ana zinthu zonse zomwe tazitchula pamwambazi ndipo sitingathebe kuchotsa ma clinks ndi maphokoso, yang'anani chifukwa chake mubokosi lomveka lokha. N'zoonekeratu kuti ife fufuzani ambiri chikhalidwe chikhalidwe pamaso kugula chida. Komabe, zikhoza kuchitika kuti tinyalanyaza mfundo ina yomwe ingayambe kutisokoneza pakapita nthawi. Choyamba, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti chidacho sichimamamatira. Malo odziwika kwambiri omasula ndi m'chiuno cha chida. Mutha kuyang'ana poyesa kukoka mbale zam'munsi ndi zakumtunda molunjika, kapena mosinthanitsa, yesani kufinya nyama yankhumba. Ngati tiwona ntchito yomveka bwino komanso kuyenda kwa nkhuni, ndiye kuti zikutanthauza kuti chidacho chadutsa pang'ono ndipo ndichofulumira kukaona luthier.

Njira ina ndi "kugogoda" chida mozungulira. Pamalo pomwe kumamatira kwachitika, phokoso lakugogoda lidzasintha, lidzakhala lopanda kanthu. Ming'alu ikhoza kukhala chifukwa china. Choncho, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa chidacho ndipo ngati muwona cholakwika chilichonse chosokoneza, pitani kwa katswiri yemwe angadziwe ngati kukandako kuli koopsa. Nthawi zina chidachi chikhoza kugwidwa ndi ... tizilombo, monga chogogoda kapena khungwa. Chifukwa chake ngati kuwongolera konse ndi kuphatikizika sikuthandiza, tiyenera kufunsa katswiri wamagetsi kuti apange X-ray.

Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti chida chatsopano chimasintha mtundu wake m'zaka zoyambirira za ntchito yake. Izi zitha kuchitika mpaka zaka 3 mutagula. Izi zitha kukhala zosintha kukhala zabwino, komanso zoyipa. Tsoka ilo, izi ndizowopsa ndi zida zatsopano zazingwe. Mitengo yomwe amapangidwa ndi kusuntha, ntchito ndi mawonekedwe, kotero wopanga violin sangatitsimikizire kuti palibe chomwe chidzachitike. Chifukwa chake, titayang'ana zinthu zonse zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa ndipo kusintha sikunachitike, tiyeni tipite ndi zida zathu ku luthier ndipo adzazindikira vutolo.