Yuri Khatuevich Temirkanov |

Yuri Temirkanov

Anabadwa pa December 10, 1938 ku Nalchik. bambo ake, Temirkanov Hatu Sagidovich, anali mkulu wa dipatimenti ya luso la Republic Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Republic, anali bwenzi ndi wolemba SERGEY Prokofiev, amene anagwira ntchito mu 1941 kusamuka mu Nalchik. Mbali ya gulu la wotchuka Moscow Art Theatre nayenso anasamutsidwa kuno, amene anali Nemirovich-Danchenko, Kachalov, Moskvin, Knipper-Chekhova, amene anachita mu zisudzo mzinda. Chilengedwe cha abambo ake ndi chikhalidwe cha zisudzo chinakhala mwala wopita kwa woimba wamtsogolo podziwa bwino chikhalidwe chapamwamba.

Aphunzitsi oyambirira a Yuri Temirkanov anali Valery Fedorovich Dashkov ndi Truvor Karlovich Sheybler. Womalizayo ndi wophunzira wa Glazunov, wophunzira wa Petrograd Conservatory, wolemba nyimbo ndi folklorist, adathandizira kwambiri kukulitsa luso la Yuri. Temirkanov atamaliza sukulu, anaganiza kuti zingakhale bwino kuti apitirize maphunziro ake mumzinda wa Neva. Choncho ku Nalchik, Yuri Hatuevich Temirkanov anakonzeratu njira yopita ku Leningrad, mzinda womwe unamupanga ngati woimba komanso munthu.

Mu 1953, Yuri Temirkanov analowa Sekondale Special Music School pa Leningrad Conservatory, mu kalasi ya violin Mikhail Mihaylovich Belyakov.

Nditamaliza sukulu, Temirkanov anaphunzira pa Leningrad Conservatory (1957-1962). Kuphunzira mu kalasi ya viola, amene anatsogoleredwa ndi Grigory Isaevich Ginzburg, Yuri nthawi yomweyo anapezeka kuchititsa makalasi a Ilya Aleksandrovich Musin ndi Nikolai Semenovich Rabinovich. Yoyamba inamuwonetsa luso lovuta la kondakitala, yachiwiri inamuphunzitsa kuchitira ntchito ya kondakitala motsindika kwambiri. Izi zinapangitsa Y. Temirkanov kupitiriza maphunziro ake.

Kuchokera mu 1962 mpaka 1968, Temirkanov analinso wophunzira, ndiyeno wophunzira maphunziro a dipatimenti yochititsa. Atamaliza maphunziro ake mu 1965 kuchokera ku kalasi ya opera ndi symphony, adayamba ku Leningrad Maly Opera ndi Ballet Theatre mu sewero la "La Traviata" lolemba G. Verdi. Zina mwa ntchito zochititsa chidwi kwambiri m'zaka zimenezo zinali Donizetti's Love Potion (1968), Gershwin's Porgy and Bess (1972).

Mu 1966, Temirkanov wazaka 28 adapambana mphoto yoyamba pa mpikisano woyendetsa mgwirizano wa II All-Union ku Moscow. Atangomaliza mpikisano, adapita ku America ndi K. Kondrashin, D. Oistrakh ndi Moscow Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra.

Kuyambira 1968 mpaka 1976 Yuri Temirkanov anatsogolera Academic Symphony Orchestra ya Leningrad Philharmonic. Kuyambira 1976 mpaka 1988 anali wotsogolera zaluso ndi kondakitala wamkulu wa Kirov (tsopano Mariinsky) Opera ndi Ballet Theatre. Pansi pa utsogoleri wake, bwalo la zisudzo linapanga zisudzo zodziwika bwino monga "War and Peace" ndi S. Prokofiev (1977), "Dead Souls" lolemba R. Shchedrin (1978), "Peter I" (1975), "Pushkin" (1979) ndi Mayakovsky Begins by A. Petrov (1983), Eugene Onegin (1982) and The Queen of Spades lolemba PI Tchaikovsky (1984), Boris Godunov lolemba MP Mussorgsky (1986), zomwe zidakhala zochitika zazikulu m'moyo wanyimbo wadzikolo ndikulemba ndi mphoto zazikulu. Okonda nyimbo osati a Leningrad okha, komanso amizinda ina yambiri amalakalaka kufika pamasewerawa!

Wotsogolera zaluso wa Bolshoi Drama Theatre GA Tovstonogov, atamvetsera "Eugene Onegin" ku Kirovsky, anati kwa Temirkanov: "Kodi pamapeto pake mumawombera tsoka la Onegin ..." (Pambuyo pa mawu akuti "O, tsoka langa!")

Ndi gulu la zisudzo Temirkanov mobwerezabwereza anapita ku mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya, kwa nthawi yoyamba mu mbiri ya gulu lodziwika bwino - ku England, komanso ku Japan ndi USA. Iye anali woyamba kuyambitsa zoimbaimba symphony ndi oimba a Kirov Theatre. Y. Temirkanov adachita bwino pamagawo ambiri otchuka a opera.

Mu 1988, Yuri Temirkanov anasankhidwa kukhala wotsogolera wamkulu ndi wotsogolera waluso wa Honored Collective of Russia - Academic Symphony Orchestra ya St. Petersburg Philharmonic yotchedwa DD Shostakovich. “Ndimanyadira kukhala kondakitala wosankha. Ngati sindikulakwitsa, iyi ndi nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri ya chikhalidwe cha nyimbo kuti gulu lokha lisankhe yemwe ayenera kutsogolera. Mpaka pano, otsogolera onse asankhidwa "kuchokera kumwamba," akutero Yuri Temirkanov za chisankho chake.

Apa m’pamene Temirkanov anakonza imodzi mwa mfundo zake zofunika kwambiri kuti: “Simungapangitse oimba kukhala akhungu okwaniritsa zofuna za wina. Kutenga nawo mbali kokha, kuzindikira kokha kuti tonse tikuchita chinthu chimodzi pamodzi, kungapereke zotsatira zomwe tikufuna. Ndipo sanadikire nthawi yaitali. Pansi pa utsogoleri wa Yu.Kh. Temirkanov, ulamuliro ndi kutchuka kwa St. Petersburg Philharmonic kunakula modabwitsa. Mu 1996 adadziwika ngati bungwe labwino kwambiri la konsati ku Russia.

Yuri Temirkanov adayimba ndi oimba ambiri akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi: Philadelphia Orchestra, Concertgebouw (Amsterdam), Cleveland, Chicago, New York, San Francisco, Santa Cecilia, Philharmonic Orchestras: Berlin, Vienna, etc.

Kuyambira 1979, Y. Temirkanov wakhala wotsogolera alendo wamkulu wa Philadelphia ndi London Royal Orchestras, ndipo kuyambira 1992 adatsogolera omaliza. Ndiye Yuri Temirkanov anali Principal Guest Conductor wa Dresden Philharmonic Orchestra (kuyambira 1994), Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra (kuyambira 1998). Atakondwerera zaka makumi awiri za mgwirizano wake ndi London Royal Orchestra, adasiya udindo wa wotsogolera wamkulu, ndikusunga mutu wa Honorary Conductor wa gululi.

Pambuyo pa zochitika zankhondo ku Afghanistan, Y. Temirkanov anakhala wotsogolera woyamba wa ku Russia kuti ayende ku United States ataitanidwa ndi New York Philharmonic, ndipo mu 1996 ku Rome adachita chikondwerero cha jubilee polemekeza zaka 50 za UN. Mu January 2000, Yuri Temirkanov anakhala Principal Conductor ndi Artistic Director wa Baltimore Symphony Orchestra (USA).

Yuri Temirkanov ndi mmodzi wa okonda kwambiri a m'ma 60. Atawoloka tsiku lobadwa ake XNUMX, maestro ali pachimake pa kutchuka, kutchuka komanso kuzindikirika padziko lonse lapansi. Amakondweretsa omvera ndi chikhalidwe chake chowala, kutsimikiza mtima, kuya ndi kukula kwa malingaliro ake. “Uyu ndi kondakitala yemwe amabisa kukhudzika pansi pooneka ngati waukali. Manja ake nthawi zambiri amakhala mosayembekezereka, koma nthawi zonse amaletsa, ndipo kachitidwe kake kazithunzi, kupanga phokoso ndi zala zake zomveka bwino kumapanga gulu lalikulu la oimba kuchokera kwa mazana oimba "("Eslain Pirene"). "Wodzaza ndi chithumwa, Temirkanov amagwira ntchito ndi gulu loimba lomwe moyo wake, ntchito yake, ndi fano lake zidaphatikizidwa ..." ("La Stampa").

Zojambulajambula za Temirkanov ndizoyambirira komanso zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuwonekera kwake kowala. Iye amakhudzidwa ndi zodziwika bwino za masitaelo a olemba anthawi zosiyanasiyana ndipo mochenjera, amatanthauzira nyimbo zawo mouziridwa. Katswiri wake amasiyanitsidwa ndi njira ya virtuoso conductor, malinga ndi kumvetsetsa kwakukulu kwa cholinga cha wolemba. Udindo wa Yuri Temirkanov pakulimbikitsa nyimbo zachikale za ku Russia komanso zamakono ndizofunikira kwambiri ku Russia ndi mayiko ena padziko lapansi.

Kutha kwa maestro kuti azitha kulumikizana mosavuta ndi gulu lililonse lanyimbo ndikupeza yankho la ntchito zovuta kwambiri zomwe amachita ndizosangalatsa.

Yuri Temirkanov analemba ma CD ambiri. Mu 1988, adasaina mgwirizano wapadera ndi BMG record label. Kujambula kokulirapo kumaphatikizapo zojambulidwa ndi Academic Symphony Orchestra ya Leningrad Philharmonic, ndi London Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, ndi New York Philharmonic…

Mu 1990, pamodzi ndi Columbia Artists, Temirkanov analemba Gala Concert yoperekedwa ku chikumbutso cha 150 cha kubadwa kwa PI Tchaikovsky, kumene oimba solo Yo-Yo Ma, I. Perlman, J. Norman adatenga nawo mbali.

Zolemba za nyimbo za S. Prokofiev za filimu "Alexander Nevsky" (1996) ndi Symphony No. 7 ya D. Shostakovich (1998) adasankhidwa kuti alandire Mphotho ya Sgatt.

Yuri Temirkanov mowolowa manja amagawana luso lake ndi okonda achinyamata. Iye ndi pulofesa ku St. Petersburg Conservatory dzina lake NA Rimsky-Korsakov, pulofesa wolemekezeka m'masukulu ambiri akunja, kuphatikizapo membala wolemekezeka wa US International Academy of Sciences, Industry, Education and Art. Nthawi zonse amapereka makalasi ambuye ku Curtis Institute (Philadelphia), komanso ku Manhattan School of Music (New York), ku Academia Chighana (Siena, Italy).

Yu.Kh. Temirkanov - People's Artist of the USSR (1981), People's Artist wa RSFSR (1976), People's Artist wa Kabardino-Balkarian ASSR (1973), Wolemekezeka Wojambula wa RSFSR (1971), wopambana kawiri wa Mphotho Yachigawo cha USSR (1976). , 1985), wopambana pa Mphotho ya Boma ya RSFSR yotchedwa MI Glinka (1971). Anapatsidwa ma Orders a Lenin (1983), "For Merit to the Fatherland" III digiri (1998), Chibugariya Order ya Cyril ndi Methodius (1998).

Ndi chikhalidwe cha ntchito yake, Temirkanov ayenera kulankhulana ndi anthu odabwitsa kwambiri ndi owala, ziwerengero zapakhomo ndi zakunja za chikhalidwe ndi luso. Anali wonyada komanso wonyada chifukwa cha ubwenzi wake ndi I. Menuhin, B. Pokrovsky, P. Kogan, A. Schnittke, G. Kremer, R. Nureyev, M. Plisetskaya, R. Shchedrin, I. Brodsky, V. Tretyakov, M Rostropovich , S. Ozawa ndi oimba ena ambiri ndi ojambula.

Amakhala ndikugwira ntchito ku St.