Clemens Krauss (Clemens Krauss) |

Clemens Krauss

Kwa iwo omwe ankadziwa luso la kondakitala wotchuka wa ku Austria ameneyu, dzina lake ndi losasiyana ndi la Richard Strauss. Kwa zaka zambiri, Kraus anali bwenzi lapamtima, comrade-m-mikono, maganizo ofanana ndi wosapambana woimba wa ntchito wanzeru German kupeka. Ngakhale kusiyana kwa msinkhu sikunasokoneze mgwirizano wa kulenga umene unalipo pakati pa oimba awa: anakumana kwa nthawi yoyamba pamene wotsogolera wazaka makumi awiri ndi zisanu ndi zinayi anaitanidwa ku Vienna State Opera - Strauss anali ndi zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi panthawiyo. . Ubwenzi womwe udabadwa pamenepo udasokonekera ndi imfa ya wolemba ...

Komabe, umunthu wa Kraus monga wochititsa, ndithudi, sanali okha mbali imeneyi ya ntchito yake. Iye anali mmodzi mwa oimira odziwika kwambiri a Viennese akuchititsa sukulu, akuwala mu repertoire lonse, amene anachokera pa nyimbo zachikondi. Khalidwe lowala la Kraus, luso lachisomo, chidwi chakunja chinawonekera ngakhale msonkhano usanachitike ndi Strauss, osasiya kukayikira za tsogolo lake labwino. Zinthu izi zidaphatikizidwa makamaka pakutanthauzira kwake zachikondi.

Monga otsogolera ena ambiri a ku Austria, Kraus anayamba moyo wake mu nyimbo monga membala wa tchalitchi cha anyamata a khoti ku Vienna, ndipo anapitiriza maphunziro ake ku Vienna Academy of Music motsogoleredwa ndi Gredener ndi Heuberger. Atangomaliza maphunziro ake, woimba wamng'ono ntchito ngati kondakitala Brno, ndiye Riga, Nuremberg, Szczecin, Graz, kumene iye anayamba kukhala mutu wa nyumba ya zisudzo. Patatha chaka chimodzi, adaitanidwa kukhala wotsogolera woyamba wa Vienna State Opera (1922), ndipo posakhalitsa adatenga udindo wa "General Music Director" ku Frankfurt am Main.

Maluso apadera opangira zinthu, luso laluso la Kraus likuwoneka kuti linali loti atsogolere opera. Ndipo adakhala ndi zoyembekeza zonse, akutsogolera nyumba za opera ku Vienna, Frankfurt am Main, Berlin, Munich kwa zaka zambiri ndikulemba masamba ambiri aulemerero m'mbiri yawo. Kuyambira 1942 wakhalanso mtsogoleri waluso wa Salzburg Festivals.

"Ku Clemens Kraus, chinthu chochititsa chidwi komanso chosangalatsa, mawonekedwe amunthu wamba waku Austrian adapangidwa ndikuwonekera," wotsutsa adalemba. ndi ulemu wobadwa nawo.

Ma opera anayi a R. Strauss ali ndi ntchito yawo yoyamba kwa Clemens Kraus. Ku Dresden, motsogozedwa ndi iye, "Arabella" idachitika koyamba, ku Munich - "Tsiku la Mtendere" ndi "Capriccio", ku Salzburg - "Chikondi cha Danae" (mu 1952, pambuyo pa imfa ya wolemba). Kwa ma opera awiri omaliza, Kraus adalemba yekha libretto.

M'zaka khumi zapitazi za moyo wake, Kraus anakana kugwira ntchito kwamuyaya mu zisudzo iliyonse. Anayenda kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, olembedwa pa Decca records. Pakati pa zolemba zotsalira za Kraus ndi pafupifupi ndakatulo zonse za symphonic za R. Strauss, ntchito za Beethoven ndi Brahms, komanso nyimbo zambiri za mafumu a Viennese Strauss, kuphatikizapo The Gypsy Baron, overtures, waltzes. Imodzi mwazolemba zabwino kwambiri imagwira konsati yomaliza ya Chaka Chatsopano ya Vienna Philharmonic yochitidwa ndi Kraus, momwe amachitira ntchito za Johann Strauss bambo, Johann Strauss mwana ndi Joseph Strauss mwanzeru, kukula komanso chithumwa cha Viennese. Imfa inamupeza Clemens Kraus ku Mexico City, panthawi ya konsati yotsatira.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek