Dreadnought (gitala): mawonekedwe a chida, phokoso, ntchito

Zaka makumi oyambirira a zaka zapitazo zinasintha chikhalidwe cha nyimbo. Mayendedwe atsopano adawonekera - anthu, jazi, dziko. Kuimba nyimbo, voliyumu ya phokoso la ma acoustics wamba sikunali kokwanira, mbali zake zomwe zinayenera kuonekera motsutsana ndi maziko a mamembala ena a gululo. Umu ndi momwe gitala la Dreadnought linabadwa. Masiku ano yakhala yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa mitundu ina, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri komanso kuimba nyimbo zapanyumba.

Kodi gitala la dreadnought ndi chiyani

Woimira banja la acoustic amapangidwa ndi matabwa, ali ndi thupi lalikulu kwambiri kuposa akale, khosi lochepa thupi ndi zingwe zachitsulo. Zolemba za "chiuno" sizimatchulidwa mochepa, choncho mtundu wamilandu umatchedwa "rectangular".

Katswiri waku America waku Germany Christopher Frederick Martin adapanga mapangidwewo. Analimbitsa sitima yapamwamba ndi akasupe, kuwayika mopingasa, kuonjezera kukula kwa thupi, ndikugwiritsa ntchito nangula kuti amangirire khosi lopapatiza.

Zonsezi zinali zofunika kuti apereke ma acoustics ndi zingwe zachitsulo, zomwe, zikakoka mwamphamvu, zimapereka phokoso lalikulu. Gitala yatsopano yopangidwa ndi mbuyeyo ikadali yokhazikika pakumanga gitala, ndipo Martin ndi m'modzi mwa opanga zingwe otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Dreadnought yamakono ikhoza kupangidwa osati kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhuni. Oimba amagwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zokhala ndi thupi lopangidwa ndi carbon fiber ndi resins. Koma zaka zana zogwiritsidwa ntchito zawonetsa kuti zitsanzo zokhala ndi spruce soundboard zimamveka mokweza, zowala, zolemera.

Chida cha "makona anayi" chomwe Martin adapanga chokulirapo kuposa cha gitala lachikale komanso mawu okweza chidalandiridwa nthawi yomweyo ndi oimba a jazi. Dreadnought inamveka pamakonsati a nyimbo za dziko, adawonekera m'manja mwa oimba nyimbo ndi mabadi. M'zaka za m'ma 50, oimba acoustic blues sanasiyane nawo.

Mitundu

Kwa zaka zambiri, oimba akhala akuyesera kugwiritsa ntchito gitala la dreadnought, pofuna kuwongolera kamvekedwe kake kuti kagwirizane ndi kaseweredwe kake. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yotchuka kwambiri mwa iyo ndi:

• kumadzulo - ali ndi cutout yomwe "amadya" gawo la maulendo otsika, amakulolani kuti mutengeko kwambiri;
• jumbo - kumasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chingerezi kumatanthauza "chachikulu", chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira a thupi, phokoso lalikulu;
• parlor - mosiyana ndi dreadnought, ili ndi thupi lophatikizana lofanana ndi classics.

Phokoso loyenera la gitala la parlor ndiloyenera kusewera kunyumba, kusewera nyimbo muzipinda zazing'ono.

kumveka

The dreadnought imasiyana ndi magitala a electro-acoustic ndi magetsi chifukwa sichifuna kugwirizana ndi gwero la mphamvu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chidacho chimakhala ndi phokoso lalikulu kwambiri komanso kuthandizira kwambiri - nthawi ya phokoso la cholemba chilichonse.

Zinthu zake ndi zofunikanso. Ma frequency apamwamba ndi otsika ndi mawonekedwe a chida chokhala ndi bolodi la mawu a spruce, apakati amakhala ambiri mu zitsanzo za mahogany.

Chikhalidwe chachikulu ndi kukakamiza kolimba kwa zingwe, kusewera ndi chosankha. Phokosoli ndi lolemera, lobangula, lokhala ndi ma bass otchulidwira ndi ma overtones.

kugwiritsa

Atawonekera ku Wild West mu theka loyamba la zaka zapitazo, chidacho chinakhala chopambana mu nyimbo za nthawi imeneyo. Folk, ethno, dziko, jazi - chifukwa cha mawu ake okweza, owala, dreadnought inali yoyenera pamayendedwe aliwonse komanso kuwongolera.

Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 50, oimba a blues adawona mawonekedwe ake. Gitala ya Dreadnought Gibson inali yokondedwa kwambiri ndi Mfumu ya Blues, BB King, yemwe ngakhale kamodzi "anapulumutsa" pamoto. Maluso a chidacho ndi oyenera kumadera monga olimba ndi miyala, koma pakubwera magitala amagetsi, oimba amawagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri.