Kugwirizana |

Harmonization ndi kaphatikizidwe ka harmonic kutsagana ndi nyimbo iliyonse, komanso kutsagana kwake komweko. Nyimbo yofananayo ingagwirizane m’njira zosiyanasiyana; kugwirizanitsa kulikonse, titero, kumapereka kutanthauzira kosiyana kosiyana (kusiyana kwa harmonic). Komabe, zinthu zofunika kwambiri (kalembedwe wamba, ntchito, zosinthika, ndi zina) zolumikizana zachilengedwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mtundu wanyimbo womwewo.

Kuthetsa mavuto a kugwirizanitsa nyimbo ndiyo njira yaikulu yophunzitsira kugwirizana. Kugwirizanitsa nyimbo za wina kungakhalenso ntchito yaluso. Chofunika kwambiri ndikugwirizanitsa nyimbo zamtundu, zomwe zinayankhulidwa kale ndi J. Haydn ndi L. Beethoven. Anagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri mu nyimbo za ku Russia; zitsanzo zake zabwino kwambiri analengedwa ndi Russian opeka chakale (MA Balakirev, MP Mussorgsky, NA Rimsky-Korsakov, AK Lyadov, ndi ena). Iwo ankaona kuti kugwirizanitsa nyimbo zachi Russia ndi imodzi mwa njira zopangira chilankhulo cha dziko. Makonzedwe ambiri a nyimbo zachi Russia, zochitidwa ndi oimba achi Russia, amasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana; Kuphatikiza apo, amapezekanso muzolemba zawo (masewera, ma symphonic, nyimbo zachipinda).

Nyimbo zina zamtundu waku Russia zalandira mobwerezabwereza matanthauzidwe osiyanasiyana ogwirizana omwe amafanana ndi kalembedwe ka aliyense wa olemba ndi ntchito zaluso zomwe adadzipangira yekha:

HA Rimsky-Korsakov. Nyimbo zana limodzi za anthu aku Russia. No 11, "Mwana adatuluka."

MP Mussorgsky. "Khovanshchina". Nyimbo ya Marfa "Mwana adatuluka."

Chisamaliro chachikulu chidaperekedwa pakulumikizana kwa nyimbo zamtundu wa anthu odziwika bwino amitundu ina yaku Russia (NV Lysenko ku Ukraine, Komitas ku Armenia). Olemba nyimbo ambiri ochokera kumayiko ena anayambanso kugwirizanitsa nyimbo zamtundu (L. Janacek ku Czechoslovakia, B. Bartok ku Hungary, K. Szymanowski ku Poland, M. de Falla ku Spain, Vaughan Williams ku England, ndi zina).

Kugwirizana kwa nyimbo zamtundu wamtunduwu kudakopa chidwi cha olemba nyimbo za Soviet (SS Prokofiev, DD Shostakovich, AV Aleksandrov mu RSFSR, LN Revutsky ku Ukraine, AL Stepanyan ku Armenia, etc.) . Kuyanjanitsa kumagwiranso ntchito yofunikira muzolemba zosiyanasiyana ndi mawu ofotokozera.

Zothandizira: Kastalsky A., Zofunika za anthu polyphony, M.-L., 1948; Mbiri ya Russian Soviet Music, vol. 2, M., 1959, p. 83-110, v. 3, M., 1959, p. 75-99, v. 4, gawo 1, M., 1963, p. 88-107; Evseev S., Russian folk polyphony, M., 1960, Dubovsky I., Njira zosavuta kwambiri za nyimbo zachi Russia za nyimbo ziwiri-mawu atatu, M., 1964. Onaninso lit. pansi pa nkhani yakuti Harmony.

Yu. G. Kon