Epita |

Epitaph (kuchokera ku Greek epitapios - tombstone, from epi - on, over and tapos - grave) - zolemba za pamanda, nthawi zambiri mu vesi. Mtundu E. unayambika ku Dr. Greece ndi Rome. Mu chikhalidwe cha ku Ulaya, zonse ndakatulo zenizeni ndi zongopeka, monga momwe zimakhalira, ndikuzipanganso - ndakatulo mu mzimu wa manda olembedwa, omwe alipo pa ufulu womwewo monga ndakatulo zina "zosagwiritsidwa ntchito" - zinagwiritsidwa ntchito. Preserved E., yoperekedwa kwa oimba, mwachitsanzo. woyimba lipenga la gulu lankhondo lachiroma (onani bukhu: Fedorova EV, Latin Inscriptions, M., 1976, pp. 140, 250, No 340) ndi katswiri wa ziwalo, “amene ankadziwa kupanga ziwalo zamadzi ngakhalenso kuwongolera mayendedwe (wa madzi m’menemo)”. Nthaŵi zina, E. weniweni analinso nyimbo. Chifukwa chake, pamanda a Seikil ku Tralles (Lydia, Asia Minor) ca. 100 BC e. nyimbo yojambulidwa yokhala ndi mawu ogwirizana nayo inajambulidwa (onani chitsanzo cha nyimbo m’nkhani yakuti Ancient Greek modes). M'zaka za zana la 19 nthawi zambiri adapanga muses. zopangidwa, zomwe mwachilengedwe zimafanana ndi lingaliro la u2buXNUMXbE. ndipo nthawi zina amakhala ndi dzina ili. Zina mwa izo ndi gulu lachisanu ndi chiwiri la Berlioz's Funeral and Triumphal Symphony (Tomb Speech for solo trombone), E. to the Gravestone of Max Egon of Furstenberg" wa chitoliro, clarinet ndi zeze wa Stravinsky, atatu E. ("Drei Grabschriften") Dessau pa op. B. Brecht (pokumbukira VI Lenin, M. Gorky ndi R. Luxembourg), E. pa imfa ya K. Shimanovsky chifukwa cha zingwe. Sheligovsky orchestra, mawu-symphony. E. pokumbukira F. Garcia Lorca Nono ndi ena. E. zimagwirizana ndi zinthu zina. otchedwa. mitundu yachikumbutso - ulendo wamaliro, kukana, tombstone (Le tombeau; suite "The Tomb of Couperin" ya pianoforte Ravel, "Nyimbo Yachisoni" ya Lyadov Orchestra), ena elegies, Lamento, Mu memoriam (chiyambi "In Memory of TS Eliot» Stravinsky, «Mu memoriam» kwa oimba Schnittke).

Zosintha: Greek epigram, trans. ndi древнегреч., (M., 1960); Epigraphical Latin nyimbo. Br. Buecheler, fasc. 1-3, Lipsia, 1895-1926; Nyimbo za Latin Sepulchral. Yotengedwa ndi J. Cholodniak, Petropolis, 1897.

Zothandizira: Petrovsky PA, ndakatulo za Latin epigraphic, M., 1962; Ramsay WM, Zolembedwa zosasinthidwa za ku Asia Minor, Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique, 1883, v. 7, No. 21, p. 277-78; Crusius O., Ein Liederfragment auf einer antiken Statuenbasis, “Philologos”, 1891, Bd 50, S. 163-72; ake omwe, Zu neuentdeckten antiken Musikresten, ibid., 1893, S. 160-200; Martin E., Trois documents de musique grecque, P., 1953, p. 48-55; Fischer W., Das Grablied des Seikilos, der einzige Zeuge des antiken weltlichen Liedes, in Ammann-Festgabe, Vol. 1, Innsbruck, 1953, S. 153-65.

EV Gertzman