Henry Wood |

Henry Wood

Chimodzi mwazosangalatsa zanyimbo za likulu la Chingerezi ndi Promenade Concerts. Chaka chilichonse, zikwi za anthu wamba - ogwira ntchito, antchito, ophunzira - amawachezera, kugula matikiti otsika mtengo ndikumvetsera nyimbo zochitidwa ndi akatswiri ojambula bwino kwambiri. Omvera a makonsati amayamikira kwambiri munthu yemwe anali woyambitsa ndi moyo wa ntchitoyi, wotsogolera Henry Wood.

Moyo wonse wa kulenga wa Wood umagwirizana kwambiri ndi zochitika za maphunziro. Anadzipereka kwa iye ali wamng'ono. Atamaliza maphunziro awo ku Royal Academy of Music ku London mu 1888, Wood adagwira ntchito ndi magulu oimba a opera ndi ma symphony, omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chikhumbo chofuna kubweretsa nyimbo zabwino kwa anthu omwe sakanatha kugula matikiti okwera mtengo oimba ndi zisudzo. Motsogozedwa ndi lingaliro labwinoli, Wood adapanga pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1890s "Promenade Concerts" zake posachedwapa. Dzinali silinali mwangozi - limatanthauza kuti: "ma concerts-walks." Zoona zake n’zakuti kwa iwo makonde onse a holo ya Queens Hall, kumene anachitikira koyamba, anamasulidwa pamipando, ndipo omvera ankatha kumvetsera nyimbo popanda kuvula malaya awo, kuyimirira, ngakhale kuyenda ngati akufuna. Komabe, zenizeni, ndithudi, palibe amene akuyenda panthawi yochita masewera a "Promenade Concerts" ndipo nthawi yomweyo mlengalenga wa luso lenileni unalamulira. Chaka chilichonse anayamba kusonkhanitsa anthu ochuluka zedi ndipo kenako “anasamukira” ku Albert Hall, kumene akugwirabe ntchito mpaka pano.

Henry Wood adatsogolera Promenade Concerts mpaka imfa yake - ndendende theka la zana. Panthawi imeneyi, adayambitsa Londoners ku ntchito zambiri. Nyimbo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zidayimiridwa kwambiri pamapulogalamuwa, kuphatikiza, Chingelezi. M'malo mwake, palibe gawo lotere la zolemba za symphonic zomwe wotsogolera sanayankhe. Ndipo nyimbo zaku Russia zidatenga malo apakati pamakonsati ake. Kale mu nyengo yoyamba - 1894/95 - Wood anayamba kulimbikitsa ntchito Tchaikovsky, ndiyeno repertoire "Promenade Concerts" analemeretsedwa ndi nyimbo zambiri Glinka, Dargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky, Glazunov, Rimsky-Korsakov, Cui, Arensky. , Serov. Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yaikulu ya October, Wood adachita chaka chilichonse nyimbo zatsopano za Myaskovsky, Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Kabalevsky, Khachaturian, Gliere ndi olemba ena a Soviet. Makamaka nyimbo zambiri zaku Russia ndi Soviet zidamveka mu "Promenade Concerts" pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse. Wood mobwerezabwereza anasonyeza chifundo chake kwa anthu Soviet, analimbikitsa ubwenzi pakati pa USSR ndi England polimbana ndi mdani wamba.

Henry Wood sanali wongotsogolera ma Proms Concerts. Ngakhale kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1903, iye anatsogolera mkombero zina zoimbaimba, amene anachezera Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, amene pa nthawiyo ankakhala ku England. "Posachedwapa tidachita nawo konsati yabwino kwa nthawi yoyamba m'nyengo yozizira ndipo tidakondwera kwambiri, makamaka ndi nyimbo yomaliza ya Tchaikovsky," adalemba kalatayo kwa amayi ake m'nyengo yozizira ya XNUMX.

Wood nthawi zonse ankachitira osati zoimbaimba, komanso zisudzo opera (mwa amene anali kuyamba English "Eugene Onegin") anayendera m'mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya ndi America, anachita ndi soloists bwino mu dziko. Kuyambira 1923, wojambula wolemekezeka anaphunzitsa kuchititsa pa Royal Academy of Music. Kuphatikiza apo, Wood ndiye mlembi wa ntchito zambiri zanyimbo ndi mabuku okhudza nyimbo; anasaina chotsiriziracho ndi dzina lachinyengo la Chirasha “P. Klenovsky. Kuti tiyerekeze kukula kwa mawonekedwe a wojambulayo komanso, mwa zina, mphamvu ya talente yake, ndikwanira kumvetsera zojambula zomwe Wood akukhala nazo. Tidzamva, mwachitsanzo, zisudzo zabwino kwambiri za Mozart a Don Giovanni overture, Dvorak's Slavic Dances, miniature ya Mendelssohn, Bach's Brandenburg Concertos ndi unyinji wa nyimbo zina.

"Contemporary Conductors", M. 1969.