Mbiri ya Cornet

ngodya - chida champhepo chamkuwa chimawoneka ngati chitoliro, koma mosiyana ndi icho, sichikhala ndi ma valve, koma zipewa.

Makona a makolo

Chinjokachi chinkaoneka chifukwa cha nyanga zamatabwa, zomwe alenje ndi ma positi ankagwiritsa ntchito polengeza. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma Middle Ages, wotsogolera wina adawonekera - cornet yamatabwa, yomwe inkagwiritsidwa ntchito pamasewera othamanga komanso pa zikondwerero za mumzinda. Zinali zotchuka kwambiri ku Ulaya - ku England, France ndi Italy. Ku Italy, ngodya yamatabwa idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida cha solo ndi oimba otchuka - Giovanni Bossano ndi Claudio Monteverdi. Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 18, ngodya yamatabwa inali itatsala pang'ono kuiwalika. Mpaka pano, imatha kumveka pamakonsati a nyimbo zakale zamtundu wakale.

Mu 1830, Sigismund Stölzel anapanga cornet yamakono yamkuwa, cornet-a-piston. Chidacho chinali ndi makina a pistoni, omwe anali ndi mabatani okankhira ndipo anali ndi ma valve awiri. Chidacho chinali ndi ma tonal osiyanasiyana mpaka ma octave atatu, mosiyana ndi lipenga, chinali ndi mwayi wowonjezera komanso timbre yofewa, yomwe idapangitsa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'mabuku akale komanso muzosintha. Mu 1869, ku Paris Conservatory, maphunziro ophunzirira kuimba chida chatsopano adawonekera. M'zaka za zana la 19, cornet inabwera ku Russia. Tsar Nicholas I Pavlovich mwaluso ankaimba zoimbira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo cornet. Nthawi zambiri ankachita maulendo ankhondo pa izo ndi kuchita zoimbaimba mu Winter Palace kwa chiwerengero chochepa cha omvera, nthawi zambiri achibale. AF Lvov, wopeka nyimbo wotchuka wa ku Russia, mpaka anapeka gawo la makonde a mfumu. Chida champhepo ichi chinagwiritsidwa ntchito muzolemba zawo ndi olemba akuluakulu: G. Berlioz, PI Tchaikovsky ndi J. Bizet.

Udindo wa cornet mu mbiri ya nyimbo

Jean-Baptiste Arban, katswiri wodziwika bwino wa cornetist, adathandizira kwambiri kutchuka kwa chidacho padziko lonse lapansi. M'zaka za m'ma 19, malo osungiramo zinthu ku Paris anatsegula maphunziro a cornet-a-piston en masse. Solo yomwe idachitidwa ndi cornet of the Neopolitan dance in "Swan Lake" ndi PI Tchaikovsky ndi kuvina kwa ballerina ku "Petrushka" ndi IF Stravinsky. Cornet idagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga nyimbo za jazi. Oimba otchuka kwambiri omwe ankaimba cornet mumagulu a jazi anali Louis Armstrong ndi King Oliver. Patapita nthawi, lipenga linalowa m'malo mwa chida cha jazi.

Wosewera mpira wotchuka kwambiri ku Russia anali Vasily Wurm, yemwe analemba buku lakuti "School for Cornet with pistons" mu 1929. Wophunzira wake AB Gordon analemba maphunziro angapo.

M'dziko loimba lamasiku ano, koneti imatha kumveka nthawi zonse pamakonsati amkuwa. M'masukulu oimba nyimbo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida chophunzitsira.