Mbiri ya chiwalo chamagetsi

Mbiri ya zida zamagetsi zamagetsi idayamba kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20. Kupangidwa kwa wailesi, telefoni, telegalafu kunapereka chilimbikitso pakupanga zida za wailesi ndi zamagetsi. Njira yatsopano mu chikhalidwe cha nyimbo ikuwonekera - electromusic.

Chiyambi cha zaka za nyimbo zamagetsi

Chimodzi mwa zida zoimbira zamagetsi zoyambirira chinali telharmonium (dynamophone). Ikhoza kutchedwa kholo la chiwalo chamagetsi. Chida ichi chinapangidwa ndi injiniya waku America Tadeus Cahill. Atayamba kupanga kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19, adalandira chilolezo cha "Mfundo ndi zida zopangira ndi kugawa nyimbo pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi", ndipo pofika mu April 1897 adamaliza. Koma kutchula chipangizochi kukhala chida choimbira kungakhale kutambasula. Zinali ndi ma jenereta amagetsi okwana 1906 omwe amasinthidwa ndi ma frequency osiyanasiyana. Ankatumiza mawu kudzera pawaya zamafoni. Chidacho chinali cholemera matani 145, chinali ndi kutalika kwa 200 metres.

Pambuyo pa Cahill, injiniya waku Soviet Lev Theremin mu 1920 adapanga chida chamagetsi chokwanira, chotchedwa Theremin. Posewera pa izo, woimbayo sanafunikire kukhudza chidacho, kunali kokwanira kusuntha manja ake pokhudzana ndi tinyanga zowongoka ndi zopingasa, kusintha mafupipafupi a phokoso.

Lingaliro labizinesi yopambana

Koma chida chodziwika bwino cha nyimbo zamagetsi chinali mwina chida chamagetsi cha Hammond. Linapangidwa ndi American Lorenz Hammond mu 1934. L. Hammond sanali woimba, analibe ngakhale khutu la nyimbo. Tikhoza kunena kuti kulengedwa kwa chiwalo chamagetsi poyamba kunali bizinesi yamalonda, monga momwe zinakhalira bwino. Kiyibodi yochokera ku piyano, yamakono mwa njira yapadera, inakhala maziko a chiwalo chamagetsi. Kiyi iliyonse idalumikizidwa ndi dera lamagetsi ndi mawaya awiri, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi masiwichi osavuta, mawu osangalatsa adatulutsidwa. Chotsatira chake, wasayansiyo adapanga chida chomwe chimamveka ngati chiwalo chenicheni cha mphepo, koma chinali chochepa kwambiri kukula kwake ndi kulemera kwake. April 24, 1934 Lawrence Hammond analandira chilolezo cha kupangidwa kwake. Chidacho chinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito m’malo mwa chiwalo chokhazikika m’matchalitchi a ku United States. Oimbawo adayamikira chiwalo chamagetsi, chiwerengero cha anthu otchuka omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chiwalo chamagetsi chinaphatikizapo magulu oimba otchuka a nthawiyo monga Beatles, Deep Purple, Inde ndi ena.

Ku Belgium, pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1950, chitsanzo chatsopano cha chiwalo chamagetsi chinapangidwa. Katswiri wa ku Belgium Anton Pari anakhala mlengi wa chida choimbira. Anali ndi kampani yaing'ono yopanga tinyanga ta pa TV. Kupititsa patsogolo ndi kugulitsa chitsanzo chatsopano cha chiwalo chamagetsi kunabweretsa ndalama zabwino kwa kampaniyo. Chiwalo cha Pari chinali chosiyana ndi chiwalo cha Hammond pokhala ndi jenereta yamagetsi yamagetsi. Ku Ulaya, chitsanzo ichi chatchuka kwambiri.

Ku Soviet Union, pansi pa Iron Curtain, okonda nyimbo achichepere amamvetsera chiwalo chamagetsi pamarekodi apansi panthaka. Zojambulidwa pa x-ray zinasangalatsa achinyamata aku Soviet. Mmodzi wa romantics amenewa anali wamng'ono Soviet Electronics injiniya Leonid Ivanovich Fedorchuk. Mu 1962, adapeza ntchito pafakitale ya Elektroizmeritel ku Zhytomyr, ndipo kale mu 1964, chida choyamba chamagetsi chopangidwa m'nyumba chotchedwa Romantika chidawomba. Mfundo yopangira phokoso mu chida ichi sichinali electromechanical, koma zamagetsi.

Posachedwa chiwalo choyamba chamagetsi chidzatembenuza zaka zana, koma kutchuka kwake sikunachoke. Chida ichi choimbira ndi chapadziko lonse lapansi - choyenera kumakonsati ndi ma studio, pochita tchalitchi komanso nyimbo zamakono zotchuka.