Mbiri ya mandolin

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zoimbira padziko lapansi. Ambiri a iwo ndi anthu amtundu winawake, ndipo kukhala kwawo kwa chikhalidwe china n’kosavuta kutchula mayina awo. Mwachitsanzo, mandolin… Mawuwa amanunkhiza chinachake cha Chitaliyana. Zoonadi, mandolin ndi chida choimbira cha zingwe choduliridwa ndi zingwe, chofanana ndi kayimbidwe kake.Omwe adatsogolera nyimbo ya mandolin, modabwitsa, sanawonekere ku Italiya, koma ku Mesopotamia Yakale muzaka za XNUMX-XNUMX BC. e. Ku Europe, mandolin, kapena mandola, monga amatchedwa masiku amenewo, adawonekera m'zaka za zana la XNUMX ndipo moyenerera adakhala chida chachikhalidwe cha ku Italy. Chidacho chinali chofanana ndi kope lophatikizana la soprano lute, linali ndi khosi lowongoka ndi zingwe zachitsulo. Ankhondowo ankaimba nyimbo zotamanda ndipo ankazisewera pansi pa mazenera a akazi awo okondedwa! Mwambo uwu, mwa njira, wakhalapo mpaka lero.

Kupambana kwa chidacho kudabwera m'zaka za zana la XNUMX, ndipo kumalumikizidwa ndi dzina la ambuye aku Italy ndi oimba a banja la Vinaccia. Sanangopanga mtundu wawo wa chida cha "Genoese mandolin", komanso adayenda nawo kuzungulira ku Europe, akupereka makonsati ndikuphunzitsa anthu momwe angasewere. Imakhala yotchuka pakati pa anthu apamwamba, masukulu amapangidwa, mandolin akuyamba kumveka m'magulu oimba, nyimbo zimalembedwa mwapadera. Komabe, kutchuka kwapadziko lonse sikunatenge nthaŵi yaitali, kubwera kwa zida zina zokhala ndi mawu omveka bwino kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19, kunayamba kuyiwalika. Mu 1835, Giuseppe Vinaccia adasintha kwambiri mawonekedwe a Neapolitan mandolin. Kumakulitsa thupi, kutalikitsa khosi, matabwa zikhomo analowa m`malo ndi wapadera limagwirira kuti mwangwiro anapitiriza mavuto a zingwe. Chidacho chakhala chaphokoso komanso choyimba, chalandiranso kuzindikirika kuchokera kwa okonda nyimbo wamba komanso akatswiri oimba. M'nthawi ya chikondi, chidawoneka ngati chida choyenera chomwe chimagwirizana bwino ndi oimba aliwonse. Mandolin amadutsa ku Italy ndi ku Ulaya ndipo amafalikira padziko lonse lapansi: kuchokera ku Australia kupita ku United States of America, ku USSR, mwachitsanzo, phokoso lake likhoza kumveka pamakonsati osiyanasiyana komanso m'mafilimu ena. M'zaka za zana la 20, chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa masitaelo a nyimbo monga jazi ndi blues, kutchuka kwa chidacho kunangokulirakulira.

Masiku ano, mwayi wa mandolin ukuchulukirachulukira, umagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu mu nyimbo zamakono ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito osati mumayendedwe akale, komanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mmodzi mwa akatswiri otchuka kwambiri ndi American Dave Apollo, wochokera ku Ukraine. Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wa mandolin umatengedwa kuti ndi Neapolitan, komabe, pali mitundu ina: Florentine, Milanese, Sicilian. Nthawi zambiri amasiyanitsidwa ndi kutalika kwa thupi komanso kuchuluka kwa zingwe. Kutalika kwa mandolin nthawi zambiri kumakhala masentimita 60. Itha kuyimilira atakhala ndi kuyimirira, koma nthawi zambiri, njira yosewera ndi yofanana ndi kusewera gitala. Phokoso la mandolin liri ndi kamvekedwe ka velvety ndi lofewa, koma nthawi yomweyo limachoka mofulumira kwambiri. Kwa okonda nyimbo za clockwork, pali mandolin apakompyuta.

Mandolin ndi chida chosavuta kuphunzira, koma mukangophunzira kuyimba, mutha kukhala mzimu weniweni wa kampaniyo ndikusiyana ndi ena!