Momwe mungasankhire amplifier mphamvu

Mosasamala kanthu za kalembedwe ka nyimbo ndi kukula kwa malo, zokuzira mawu ndi amplifiers amphamvu amatenga ntchito yowopsya yotembenuza zizindikiro zamagetsi kubwerera ku mafunde omveka. Kwambiri ntchito yovuta imaperekedwa kwa amplifier: chizindikiro chofooka chochokera ku zida, Mafonifoni ndi magwero ena ayenera kukulitsidwa kwa mlingo ndi mphamvu zofunika kuti ntchito yachibadwa ya akustikani. Mu ndemanga iyi, akatswiri a sitolo "Wophunzira" angathandize kuchepetsa ntchito yosankha amplifier.

Zofunikira zofunika

Tiyeni tiwone magawo aukadaulo omwe kusankha koyenera kumadalira.

Ma watt angati?

Ambiri zofunika parameter a amplifier ndi mphamvu yake yotulutsa. Muyezo woyezera mphamvu yamagetsi ndi watt . Mphamvu zotulutsa za amplifiers zimatha kusiyana kwambiri. Kuti mudziwe ngati amplifier ili ndi mphamvu zokwanira pa makina anu omvera, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti opanga amayesa mphamvu m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mphamvu:

• Mphamvu yamtundu - mphamvu ya amplifier, yopezedwa pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri (pamwamba) wa chizindikiro. Mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosayenera kuwunika zenizeni ndipo zimalengezedwa ndi wopanga pazolinga zotsatsira.
• Kupitilira kapena Mtengo wa RMS mphamvu ndi mphamvu ya amplifier pomwe coefficient of harmonic non-linear kupotoza ndi kochepa ndipo sapitirira mtengo wotchulidwa. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, iyi ndi mphamvu yapakati pa katundu wokhazikika, wogwira ntchito, wovomerezeka, pomwe AU ikhoza kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali. Mtengo uwu umadziwika bwino ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito. Poyerekeza mphamvu za amplifiers osiyanasiyana, onetsetsani kuti mukufanizira mtengo womwewo kuti, mophiphiritsira, simukuyerekeza malalanje ndi maapulo. Nthawi zina opanga safotokoza ndendende mphamvu zomwe zikuwonetsedwa muzinthu zotsatsira. Zikatero, chowonadi chiyenera kufunidwa m'mabuku ogwiritsira ntchito kapena patsamba la wopanga.
• Chinthu chinanso ndi parameter mphamvu zololeka. Pankhani yamayimbidwe amawu, amawonetsa kukana kwa olankhula kutenthedwa ndi kutentha mawotchi kuwonongeka pakugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali ndi chizindikiro chaphokoso monga ” phokoso la pinki ". Powunika mphamvu zama amplifiers, komabe, RMS mphamvu ikugwirabe ntchito ngati mtengo wofunikira kwambiri .
  Mphamvu ya amplifier imadalira kusagwirizana (kukaniza) kwa okamba olumikizidwa kwa izo. Mwachitsanzo, amplifier imatulutsa mphamvu ya 1100 W pamene oyankhula omwe ali ndi kukana kwa 8 ohms alumikizidwa, ndipo okamba omwe ali ndi kukana kwa 4 ohms alumikizidwa, kale 1800 W , mwachitsanzo, zamatsenga ndi kukana kwa 4 ohms kunyamula amplifier kuposazamatsenga ndi kukana kwa 8 ohms.
  Powerengera mphamvu yofunikira, ganizirani za dera la chipindacho ndi mtundu wa nyimbo zomwe zikuseweredwa. Zikuwonekeratu kuti a anthu guitar duet imafuna mphamvu zochepa kuti ipangitse phokoso kusiyana ndi gulu lomwe likuimba zitsulo zankhanza. Kuwerengera mphamvu kumaphatikizapo zosintha zambiri monga chipinda zamatsenga , chiwerengero cha owonerera, mtundu wa malo (otseguka kapena otsekedwa) ndi zina zambiri. Pafupifupi, zikuwoneka ngati izi (zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu zamphamvu zimaperekedwa):
  - 25-250 W - anthu ntchito m'chipinda chaching'ono (monga khofi) kapena kunyumba;
  - 250-750 W - kuyimba nyimbo za pop m'malo apakati (Jazz kalabu kapena holo ya zisudzo);
  - 1000-3000 W - kuyimba kwa nyimbo za rock m'malo apakati (holo ya konsati kapena chikondwerero pabwalo laling'ono lotseguka);
  - 4000-15000 W - kuyimba nyimbo za rock kapena "zitsulo" m'malo akuluakulu (bwalo la rock, bwalo).

Njira zogwiritsira ntchito amplifier

Mukawona mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya amplifier, mudzazindikira kuti ambiri aiwo mphamvu imawonetsedwa panjira. Kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri, ma tchanelo amatha kulumikizidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Mu mawonekedwe a stereo, ndi zotulutsa ziwiri (zotuluka kumanzere ndi kumanja pa chosakanizira ) amalumikizidwa ndi amplifier kudzera panjira yosiyana iliyonse. Makanemawa amalumikizidwa ndi okamba kudzera pa kugwirizana kotulutsa, kupanga stereo effect - kuwonetsera kwa malo omveka bwino.
Mu parallel mode, gwero limodzi lolowera limalumikizidwa kumayendedwe onse amplifier. Pankhaniyi, mphamvu ya amplifier imagawidwa mofanana pa okamba.
Mu bridged mode, the stereo amplifier imakhala mono amplifier yamphamvu kwambiri. Mu mlatho mode» njira imodzi yokha imagwira ntchito, yomwe mphamvu yake imawirikiza kawiri.

Mafotokozedwe a amplifier nthawi zambiri amalemba mphamvu zotulutsa zamitundu yonse ya stereo ndi bridged. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mono-bridge mode, tsatirani buku la ogwiritsa ntchito kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa amplifier.

njira

Poganizira kuchuluka kwa ma tchanelo omwe mukufuna, chinthu choyamba choyenera kuganizira ndi oyankhula angati mukufuna kulumikizana ndi amplifier ndi momwe. Ma amplifiers ambiri ali ndi njira ziwiri ndipo amatha kuyendetsa ma speaker awiri mu stereo kapena mono. Pali zitsanzo za mayendedwe anayi, ndipo mwa zina kuchuluka kwa ma tchanelo kumatha kufika eyiti.

Amplifier-njira ziwiri CROWN XLS 2000

Zitsanzo zamakina ambiri, mwa zina, zimakulolani kuti mugwirizane okamba owonjezera ku amplifier imodzi. Komabe, amplifiers oterowo, monga lamulo, ndi okwera mtengo kuposa ochiritsira njira ziwiri zomwe zili ndi mphamvu zofanana, chifukwa cha mapangidwe ovuta kwambiri ndi cholinga.

Amplifier yamayendedwe anayi BEHRINGER inNUKE NU4-6000

Amplifier ya Kalasi D

Ma amplifiers amagawidwa molingana ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito ndi chizindikiro cholowera komanso mfundo yopangira magawo okulitsa. Mudzakumana ndi makalasi monga A, B, AB, C, D, etc.

Mibadwo yaposachedwa yamakina omvera amakhala ndi zida kalasi D amplifiers , omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zotulutsa zolemera zochepa ndi miyeso. Pogwira ntchito, ndizosavuta komanso zodalirika kuposa mitundu ina yonse.

Mitundu ya I/O

zolowetsa

kwambiri ma amplifiers okhazikika ali ndi zida osachepera XLR ( maikolofoni ) zolumikizira, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala zolumikizira ¼ inchi, TRS ndipo nthawi zina zolumikizira za RSA kuwonjezera pawo. Mwachitsanzo, Crown's XLS2500 ili ndi ¼-inchi, TRS, ndi XLR zolumikizira .

Onani kuti moyenera XLR kugwirizana bwino ntchito pamene chingwe yaitali. M'makina a DJ, makina omvera akunyumba, ndi makina ena omvera omwe zingwe zimakhala zazifupi, ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira za RCA coaxial.

Zotsatira

Zotsatirazi ndi mitundu isanu yayikulu yamalumikizidwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzokulitsa mphamvu:

1. Chotsani "ma terminal" - monga lamulo, m'mawu omvera a mibadwo yam'mbuyo, malekezero opanda kanthu a mawaya olankhula amapindika mozungulira wononga wononga. Uwu ndi mgwirizano wamphamvu komanso wodalirika, koma umatenga nthawi kuti ukonze. Komanso, sikoyenera kwa oimba a konsati omwe nthawi zambiri amakweza / kugwetsa zida zokuzira mawu.

Screw terminal

2. Chovala cha nthochi - cholumikizira chachikazi chaching'ono cha cylindrical; amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza zingwe ndi mapulagi (mapulagi zolumikizira) zamtundu womwewo. Nthawi zina chimaphatikiza okonda zabwino ndi zoipa linanena bungwe.

3. Zolumikizira za Speakon - yopangidwa ndi Neutrik. Zopangidwira mafunde apamwamba, zimatha kukhala ndi ma 2, 4 kapena 8. Kwa okamba omwe alibe mapulagi oyenerera, pali ma adapter a Speakon.

Zolumikizira za Speakon

4. XLR - zolumikizira zokhala ndi mapini atatu, gwiritsani ntchito kulumikizana moyenera komanso kukhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira chaphokoso. Zosavuta kulumikiza ndi zodalirika.

XLR zolumikizira

5. ¼ cholumikizira inchi - kugwirizana kosavuta komanso kodalirika, makamaka kwa ogula omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa. Osadalirika kwambiri ngati ogula mphamvu zambiri.

DSP yomangidwa

Mitundu ina ya amplifier ili ndi zida DSP (kukonza ma siginecha a digito), komwe kumasintha siginecha yolowera ya analogi kukhala mtsinje wa digito kuti uwongolere komanso kukonza. Nazi zina mwazo DSP Zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mu amplifiers:

Kuchepetsa - kuchepetsa nsonga za siginecha yolowera kuti mupewe kulemetsa chokulitsa kapena kuwononga olankhula.

kusefa - Ena DSP -ma amplifiers okhala ndi zosefera zotsika, zodutsa kwambiri, kapena zosefera kuti ziwonjezeke maulendo ndi / kapena kupewa kuwonongeka kwafupipafupi (VLF) kwa amplifier.

Crossover - kugawidwa kwa chizindikiro chotuluka m'magulu afupipafupi kuti apange maulendo omwe akufuna magawo . (Passive crossovers in multi-channel speaker amakonda kuphatikizika akamagwiritsa ntchito a DSP crossover mu amplifier.)

Kupanikiza ndi njira yochepetsera mphamvu range a chizindikiro cha audio kuti chikulitse kapena kuthetsa kupotoza.

Zitsanzo za amplifier mphamvu

BEHRINGER iNUKE NU3000	Alto MAC 2.2
YAMAHA P2500S	Korona XTi4002