Jörg Demus |

Jörg Demus

Luso mbiri ya Demus m'njira zambiri zofanana ndi yonena za bwenzi lake Paul Badur-Skoda: iwo ndi m'badwo womwewo, anakulira ndipo anakulira ku Vienna, anamaliza maphunziro a Academy of Music pano, ndipo nthawi yomweyo anayamba. kupereka zoimbaimba; onse amakonda komanso amadziwa kusewera mu ensembles ndipo kwa kotala la zana akhala amodzi mwa nyimbo za piyano zodziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Pali zambiri zofanana mumayendedwe awo, omwe amadziwika ndi kukhazikika, chikhalidwe cha mawu, chidwi chatsatanetsatane komanso kulondola kwamasewera amasewera, ndiko kuti, mawonekedwe asukulu yamakono ya Viennese. Pomaliza, oimba awiriwa amayandikira pafupi ndi zomwe amakonda - onse amapereka zokonda zodziwika bwino ku Viennese classics, molimbikira komanso mosalekeza kulimbikitsa.

Koma palinso zosiyana. Badura-Skoda adatchuka kale, ndipo kutchuka kumeneku kumachokera ku zoimbaimba zake zokha ndi zisudzo ndi oimba m'madera onse akuluakulu a dziko lapansi, komanso ntchito zake zamaphunziro ndi nyimbo. Demus amapereka zoimbaimba osati mochuluka komanso mozama (ngakhale adayendanso padziko lonse lapansi), samalemba mabuku (ngakhale ali ndi mawu osangalatsa kwambiri pazojambula ndi zofalitsa zambiri). Mbiri yake idakhazikitsidwa makamaka panjira yoyambira yomasulira zovuta komanso ntchito yogwira ntchito ya woyimba nyimbo: kuphatikiza pakuchita nawo gawo la piano, adapambana kutchuka kwa m'modzi mwa otsogolera abwino kwambiri padziko lapansi, omwe adachita ndi onse akuluakulu. oimba zida ndi oimba ku Europe, ndipo mwadongosolo amatsagana ndi makonsati a Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau.

Zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi sizikutanthauza kuti Demus sakuyenera kusamala ngati woyimba piyano payekha. Kalelo mu 1960, pamene wojambulayo ankaimba ku United States, John Ardoin, wopenda ndemanga wa magazini ya Musical America, analemba kuti: “Kunena kuti zochita za Demus zinali zolimba ndiponso zofunika kwambiri sikutanthauza kunyozetsa ulemu wake. Zimangofotokoza chifukwa chake adachoka ali wofunda komanso womasuka m'malo molimbikitsidwa. Panalibe chilichonse chododometsa kapena chodabwitsa m'matanthauzidwe ake, ndipo palibe zidule. Nyimbozo zinkayenda momasuka komanso mosavuta, mwachibadwa. Ndipo izi, mwa njira, sizovuta konse kukwaniritsa. Pamafunika kudziletsa kwambiri komanso kudziwa zambiri, zomwe ndi zomwe wojambula amakhala nazo. "

Demus ndi korona wamafuta, ndipo zokonda zake zimayang'ana kwambiri nyimbo zaku Austrian ndi Germany. Komanso, mosiyana ndi Badur-Skoda, mphamvu yokoka imagwera osati pa classics (omwe Demus amasewera kwambiri komanso mofunitsitsa), koma pa okondana. Kubwerera m'zaka za m'ma 50s, adadziwika kuti ndi womasulira kwambiri wa nyimbo za Schubert ndi Schumann. Kenako, mapulogalamu ake konsati inkakhala pafupifupi ntchito za Beethoven, Brahms, Schubert ndi Schumann, ngakhale nthawi zina analinso Bach, Haydn, Mozart, Mendelssohn. Mbali ina yomwe imakopa chidwi cha wojambulayo ndi nyimbo za Debussy. Kotero, mu 1962, adadabwitsa ambiri omwe amamukonda pojambula "Children's Corner". Zaka khumi pambuyo pake, mosayembekezereka kwa ambiri, zosonkhanitsira zathunthu - pamarekodi asanu ndi atatu - a nyimbo za piano za Debussy, zidatuluka muzojambula za Demus. Pano, si zonse zomwe zili zofanana, woyimba piyano samakhala ndi kupepuka kofunikira nthawi zonse, kuthawa kwapamwamba, koma, malinga ndi akatswiri, "chifukwa cha kudzaza kwa mawu, kutentha ndi luntha, ndi koyenera kuima molingana ndi kutanthauzira bwino kwa Debussy. " Ndipo komabe, zachikale za Austro-German ndi zachikondi zimakhalabe gawo lalikulu pakufufuza kwaluso kwa wojambula waluso.

Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri, kuyambira zaka za m'ma 60, ndi zolemba zake za akatswiri a ku Viennese, opangidwa pa piano kuyambira nthawi yawo, ndipo, monga lamulo, m'nyumba zachifumu zakale ndi zinyumba zokhala ndi ma acoustics omwe amathandiza kukonzanso mlengalenga. Maonekedwe a zolemba zoyamba ndi ntchito za Schubert (mwina wolemba pafupi ndi Demus) adalandiridwa mwachidwi ndi otsutsa. "Phokosoli ndi lodabwitsa - nyimbo za Schubert zimakhala zolephereka komanso zowoneka bwino, ndipo, mosakayika, zojambulidwazi ndizophunzitsa kwambiri," analemba m'modzi mwa owunikirawo. “Ubwino waukulu wa kumasulira kwake kwa Schumannian ndiwo ndakatulo zawo zoyeretsedwa. Zimasonyeza kuyandikana kwamkati kwa woyimba piyano ku dziko la malingaliro a woimbayo ndi chikondi chonse cha Chijeremani, chimene amachipereka pano popanda kutaya nkhope yake nkomwe,” anatero E. Kroer. Ndipo pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa chimbale ndi nyimbo zoyamba za Beethoven, atolankhani amatha kuwerenga mizere iyi: "Pamaso pa Demus, tapeza wosewera yemwe kusewera kwake kosalala, kolingalira kumasiya chidwi chapadera. Chifukwa chake, potengera zokumbukira za anthu a m'nthawi yake, Beethoven mwiniwake akanatha kusewera ma sonatas ake.

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Demus adalemba zolemba zambiri zosiyanasiyana (payekha komanso mu duet ndi Badura-Skoda), pogwiritsa ntchito zida zonse zomwe zimapezeka kwa iye kuchokera kumalo osungiramo zinthu zakale ndi zopereka zapadera. Pansi pa zala zake, cholowa cha akale a Viennese ndi okondana adawonekera mwatsopano, makamaka popeza gawo lalikulu lazojambula sizimachitidwa kawirikawiri komanso nyimbo zodziwika bwino. Mu 1977, iye, wachiwiri kwa oimba piyano (pambuyo pa E. Ney), adapatsidwa mphoto yapamwamba kwambiri ya Beethoven Society ku Vienna - yotchedwa "Beethoven Ring".

Komabe, chilungamo chimafuna kuzindikirika kuti zolemba zake zambiri sizibweretsa chisangalalo chimodzi, ndipo kupitilira apo, zolemba zokhumudwitsa zimamveka. Aliyense, ndithudi, amapereka msonkho kwa luso la woyimba piyano, amawona kuti amatha kusonyeza kuwonetseratu komanso kuthawa kwachikondi, ngati kulipiritsa kuuma ndi kusowa kwa cantilena weniweni mu zida zakale; ndakatulo zosatsutsika, nyimbo zobisika zamasewera ake. Ndipo komabe, ambiri amavomereza zomwe ananena posachedwa ndi wotsutsa P. Kosse: "Zojambula za Jörg Demus zili ndi zinthu zakale komanso zosokoneza: pafupifupi makampani onse ang'onoang'ono ndi akuluakulu amasindikiza zolemba zake, ma Albums awiri ndi makaseti akuluakulu, nyimboyi imachokera ku didactic. zidutswa za maphunziro a Beethoven's sonatas mochedwa ndi ma concerto a Mozart ankayimba pa piano za nyundo. Zonse izi ndi motere; nkhawa imabwera mukamamvetsera kuchuluka kwa zolemba izi. Tsikuli limakhala ndi maola 24 okha, ngakhale woimba waluso woteroyo sangathe kufika pa ntchito yake ndi udindo ndi kudzipereka kofanana, kupanga nyimbo pambuyo pa nyimbo.” Zowonadi, nthawi zina - makamaka m'zaka zaposachedwa - zotsatira za ntchito ya Demus zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kufulumira kwambiri, kusavomerezeka pakusankha repertoire, kusagwirizana pakati pa kuthekera kwa zida ndi mtundu wa nyimbo zomwe zidachitika; kutanthauzira mwadala mosasamala, "zokambirana" nthawi zina kumabweretsa kuphwanya malingaliro amkati a ntchito zakale.

Otsutsa ambiri a nyimbo amalangiza bwino Jörg Demus kuti awonjezere ntchito zake za konsati, mosamala kwambiri "kumenya" matanthauzo ake, ndipo pambuyo pake amawakonza pa rekodi.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990