Kutchula zilembo za mawu ndi makiyi

Mu nyimbo, pali njira ziwiri zopangira mawu - chilembo ndi syllabic. Aliyense amadziwa mayina a masilabi, amadziwa bwino khutu - izi ndi DO RE MI FA SOL LA SI. Koma pali njira ina - kutchula mawu pogwiritsa ntchito zilembo zachilatini. Komanso, kalembedwe ka zilembo zotchulira mawu kudayamba kale kwambiri kuposa masilabi.

Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi dongosolo la zilembo, mawu anyimbo amatanthauzidwa ndi zilembo zotsatirazi za zilembo zachilatini: DO - C (ce), RE - D (de), MI - E (e), FA (ef) - F, mchere - G (ge), LA - A (a), SI - H (ha).

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, panthawi yomwe zilembozo zinkapangidwa, nyimbo zoimba nyimbo zinayamba ndi phokoso LA, osati ndi phokoso la DO. Ndicho chifukwa chake, chilembo choyamba cha zilembo A chimagwirizana ndendende ndi phokoso LA, osati KUTI. Chinthu china cha dongosolo lakale ili ndi phokoso la B-flat pamlingo waukulu, limatanthauzidwa ndi chilembo B. Ndipo chilembo H pambuyo pake chinaperekedwa ku SI note, yomwe ndi sitepe yaikulu ya msinkhu wamakono.

Zakuthwa ndi ma flats molingana ndi kalembedwe ka zilembo

Masitepe okwera ndi otsitsidwa, ndiko kuti, zowongoka ndi zafulati, zitha kuwonetsedwanso mu dongosolo la zilembo za mawu. Kuti tinene za chakuthwa, suffix IS (ndi) yowonjezeredwa ku chilembo cha cholembacho. Ndipo pamafuleti, suffix ina ndi uXNUMXbuXNUMXbused - ES (es).

Mwachitsanzo, C-SHARP ndi CIS (cis), ndipo C-FLAT ndi CES (ces).

Komabe, pali zochepa zosiyana ndi malamulowa zomwe muyenera kukumbukira. Zonsezi zimagwirizana ndi kutchulidwa kwa mapepala ophwanyika. Phokoso la MI-FLAT mu dongosolo la zilembo limawoneka ngati EES, koma pochita chimodzi, vowel yapakati imachepetsedwa ndipo motero dzina la ES limapezeka. Ndendende nkhani yomweyi imapezeka ndi phokoso la A-flat, m'matchulidwe ake AES mawu amodzi amachepetsedwa ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala AS.

Ndipo chinanso chosiyana ndi lamuloli chikugwirizana ndi zifukwa za mbiri yakale. Phokoso la B-flat nthawi zambiri limatchedwa B, osati HES.

Zowongoka pawiri ndi ma flat flat ndi zilembo zamakalata

Pankhani yochepetsera kawiri ndi kuchepetsa, ndiko kuti, zizindikiro ziwiri-zakuthwa komanso zosalala, mfundo yowonetsera iwo mu dongosolo la makalata ndi yosavuta komanso yomveka. Kuthwa kwapawiri ndi nsonga ziwiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ma suffixes awiri IS - ISIS, lathyathyathya iwiri ndi ma flats awiri ndipo, molingana, ma suffixes awiri ES - ESES. Komanso, lamulo lokhala ndi ma flat-flats limagwiranso ntchito kwa SI-DOUBLE-FLAT yomveka, yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu nkhaniyi molingana ndi lamulo lalikulu - HESES.

Choncho, mothandizidwa ndi kalembedwe ka makalata, n'zotheka kufotokozera osati zomveka zokhazokha, komanso zomveka zokhala ndi ma flats, komanso maulendo awiri okwera komanso ophwanyidwa. Tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule njira zonsezi mu tebulo:

Mndandanda wa zilembo zamawu

Kutchulidwa kwa makiyi

M'dzina la fungulo lililonse - lalikulu kapena laling'ono - zinthu ziwiri zimayankhulidwa nthawi zonse: ili ndi liwu lake lalikulu (tonic) ndi mawonekedwe ake a modal (yaikulu kapena yaying'ono). Mapangidwe omwewo nthawi zonse amawonekera mu dongosolo la makalata. Tonic imatchulidwa ngati phokoso lodziwika bwino, lokhala ndi chinthu chimodzi chokha - kwa makiyi akuluakulu, tonic imalembedwa ndi likulu, kalata yaikulu, ndi makiyi ang'onoang'ono, mosiyana, ndi zilembo zazing'ono.

Mawu apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonyeza mkhalidwe wa modal. Kwa chachikulu - mawu akuti DUR, omwe ndi chidule cha liwu lachilatini DURUS (lotanthauziridwa kuti "zovuta"). Kwa makiyi ang'onoang'ono, mawu akuti MOLL amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini, mawuwa amatanthauza "zofewa".

Kusankhidwa kwa octaves ndi dongosolo la makalata

Wowerenga mosamala, mwinamwake, kuyambira pachiyambi, adadabwa momwe, mu dongosolo la makalata, angasiyanitsire phokoso la octave yaing'ono ndipo, mwachitsanzo, yachiwiri, kapena yoyamba ndi yaikulu. Zikuoneka kuti zonse zimaperekedwa, ndipo pali malamulo opangira ma octave osiyanasiyana m'makalata. Ambiri okha pazifukwa zina amaiwala za iwo, pamene ena sanamve za izo nkomwe. Tiyeni tiganizire.

Chilichonse apa ndi chophweka. Ngati simukudziwa bwino mayina a octave onse, ndiye tikukulimbikitsani kuti muphunzire za Kukonzekera kwa phokoso pa kiyibodi ya piyano, pomwe nkhaniyi imaganiziridwa mwatsatanetsatane.

Chifukwa chake malamulowo ndi:

1. Phokoso la octave lalikulu limalembedwa ndi zilembo zazikulu.
2. Phokoso la octave laling'ono limalembedwa, m'malo mwake, m'malembo ang'onoang'ono.
3. Kufotokozera mawu a octave woyamba, wachiwiri, wachitatu ndi wotsatira wapamwamba, zilembo zing'onozing'ono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimawonjezedwa ndi zilembo zazikulu ndi nambala ya octave kapena mizere yomwe ili pamwamba pa chilembocho. Pachifukwa ichi, chiwerengero cha zikwapu chikufanana ndi nambala ya octave (sitiroko imodzi - octave yoyamba, mikwingwirima iwiri - yachiwiri, etc.).
4. Kufotokozera mawu a counteroctave ndi subcontroctave, zilembo zazikulu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, zilembo zazikulu, zomwe zimawonjezedwamo nambala 1 kapena 2 (1 ya counteroctave ndi 2 ya subcontroctave) polemba, kapenanso mizere- zikwapu, mwachibadwa kuchokera pansi.

Pachithunzichi mutha kuwona zitsanzo zamawu a LA okhala ndi mayina osiyanasiyana a octave. Mwa njira, mfundo ya octave yomweyi imakhala ndi zotsatira zomwezo mu dongosolo la syllabic la kupanga mawu. Chifukwa chake, padzakhala zitsanzo zingapo zamatchulidwe nthawi imodzi.

Okondedwa, ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza izi kapena mutu wina uliwonse wanyimbo, chonde lembani mu ndemanga za nkhaniyi.

Ndipo tsopano, kuti mutengere bwino phunziroli, tikukupemphani kuti muwone kanema pamutuwu ndikupangira kuti mumalize masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe adzaperekedwa pamenepo.