Marguerite Long (Marguerite Long) |

Marguerite Long

Pa April 19, 1955, oimira gulu loimba la likulu lathu anasonkhana ku Moscow Conservatory kuti apereke moni kwa mbuye wamkulu wa chikhalidwe cha ku France - Marguerite Long. Rector of the Conservatory AV Sveshnikov anamupatsa diploma ya pulofesa wolemekezeka - kuzindikira ntchito zake zabwino kwambiri pa chitukuko ndi kupititsa patsogolo nyimbo.

Chochitika ichi chinatsatiridwa ndi madzulo omwe adasindikizidwa mu kukumbukira kwa okonda nyimbo kwa nthawi yaitali: M. Long adasewera mu Great Hall of the Moscow Conservatory ndi orchestra. A. Goldenweiser panthaŵiyo analemba kuti: “Chiwonetsero cha katswiri wojambula bwino kwambiri chinalidi chikondwerero cha luso. Ndi luso lodabwitsa, ndi kutsitsimuka kwaunyamata, Marguerite Long adayimba Ravel's Concerto, yoperekedwa kwa iye ndi wolemba nyimbo wotchuka wa ku France. Anthu ochuluka amene anadzaza holoyo analonjera mosangalala wojambulayo, amene anabwerezanso mapeto a Concerto ndi kuimba nyimbo ya Fauré ya Ballad ya piyano ndi okhestra kupyola pulogalamuyo.

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Zinali zovuta kukhulupirira kuti mkazi wamphamvu, wodzaza mphamvu anali kale ndi zaka 80 - masewera ake anali angwiro komanso atsopano. Panthawiyi, Marguerite Long adalandira chifundo cha omvera kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lathu. Anaphunzira piyano ndi mchemwali wake, Claire Long, ndiyeno ku Paris Conservatory ndi A. Marmontel.

Maluso abwino kwambiri oimba piyano adamuthandiza kuti azitha kudziwa bwino nyimbo zambiri, zomwe zinaphatikizapo ntchito zachikale ndi zachikondi - kuchokera ku Couperin ndi Mozart kupita ku Beethoven ndi Chopin. Koma posakhalitsa chitsogozo chachikulu cha ntchito yake chinatsimikiziridwa - kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya oimba amakono achi French. Ubwenzi wapamtima umamugwirizanitsa ndi zowunikira za nyimbo - Debussy ndi Ravel. Ndi iye amene anakhala woyamba woimba angapo limba ndi oimba awa, amene anapereka masamba ambiri a nyimbo zokongola kwa iye. Kwa nthawi yayitali adawonetsa omvera ku ntchito za Roger-Ducas, Fauré, Florent Schmitt, Louis Vierne, Georges Migot, oimba otchuka "Six", komanso Bohuslav Martin. Kwa oimba awa ndi ena ambiri, Marguerite Long anali bwenzi lodzipereka, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale yomwe inawalimbikitsa kupanga nyimbo zabwino kwambiri, zomwe anali woyamba kupereka moyo pa siteji. Ndipo kotero izo zinapitirira kwa zaka zambiri. Monga chizindikiro choyamikira kwa wojambulayo, oimba asanu ndi atatu otchuka a ku France, kuphatikizapo D. Milhaud, J. Auric ndi F. Poulenc, adamupatsa zosiyana zolembedwa mwapadera monga mphatso ya kubadwa kwake kwa 80.

Zochita za konsati za M. Long zinali zamphamvu kwambiri nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse isanayambe. Pambuyo pake, adachepetsanso kuchuluka kwa zolankhula zake, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zake pazamaphunziro. Kuyambira 1906, iye anaphunzitsa kalasi pa Paris Conservatory, kuyambira 1920 anakhala pulofesa wa maphunziro apamwamba. Pano, pansi pa utsogoleri wake, gulu lonse la oimba piyano linadutsa sukulu yabwino kwambiri, yomwe ili ndi luso lomwe linatchuka kwambiri; pakati pawo J. Fevrier, J. Doyen, S. Francois, J.-M. Darre. Zonsezi sizinamulepheretse nthawi ndi nthawi kuyendera ku Ulaya ndi kunja; kotero, mu 1932, iye anapanga maulendo angapo ndi M. Ravel, kuyambitsa omvera Piano Concerto yake mu G yaikulu.

Mu 1940, pamene chipani cha Nazi chinalowa ku Paris, Long, osafuna kugwirizana ndi adaniwo, adasiya aphunzitsi asukulu. Kenako, iye analenga sukulu yake, kumene anapitiriza kuphunzitsa oimba limba ku France. M'zaka zomwezo, wojambula wodziwika bwino adakhala woyambitsa njira ina yomwe inachititsa kuti dzina lake lisafalikire: pamodzi ndi J. Thibault, adayambitsa mpikisano wa piano mu 1943 kwa oimba piyano ndi oimba nyimbo zoyimba, zomwe cholinga chake chinali kusonyeza kusakhulupirika kwa miyambo ya chikhalidwe cha ku France. Pambuyo pa nkhondoyi, mpikisano umenewu unakhala wapadziko lonse ndipo umachitikira nthawi zonse, kupitiriza kutumikira chifukwa cha kufalitsa luso ndi kumvetsetsana. Ojambula ambiri aku Soviet adakhala opambana ake.

M'zaka za nkhondo itatha, ophunzira ochulukirapo a Long adatenga malo oyenera pa siteji ya konsati - Yu. Bukov, F. Antremont, B. Ringeissen, A. Ciccolini, P. Frankl ndi ena ambiri ali ndi chipambano chake pamlingo waukulu. Koma wojambulayo sanataye mtima pansi pa zovuta za unyamata. Kusewera kwake kunasunga ukazi wake, chisomo cha Chifalansa, koma sikunataye kuuma kwake kwachimuna ndi mphamvu zake, ndipo izi zidapereka chidwi chapadera ku machitidwe ake. Wojambulayo adayendera mwachangu, adajambula zingapo, kuphatikiza osati ma concert ndi nyimbo zayekha, komanso ma ensembles achipinda - ma sonatas a Mozart ndi J. Thibaut, ma quartets a Faure. Nthawi yotsiriza iye anachita poyera mu 1959, koma ngakhale pambuyo iye anapitiriza kutenga nawo mbali mu moyo wanyimbo, anakhalabe membala wa oweruza a mpikisano wotchedwa dzina lake. Anafotokoza mwachidule ntchito yake yophunzitsa mu ntchito ya methodical "Le piano de Margerite Long" ("The Piano Marguerite Long", 1958), m'makumbukiro ake a C. Debussy, G. Foret ndi M. Ravel (otsiriza adatuluka pambuyo pake. imfa mu 1971).

Malo apadera kwambiri, olemekezeka ndi a M. Long m'mbiri ya mgwirizano wa chikhalidwe cha Franco-Soviet. Ndipo asanafike ku likulu lathu, adalandira nawo mwachikondi anzake - oimba piyano aku Soviet, omwe adachita nawo mpikisano wotchulidwa pambuyo pake. Pambuyo pake, mayanjano awa adayandikira kwambiri. Mmodzi wa ophunzira abwino kwambiri a Long F. Antremont akukumbukira kuti: “Anali paubwenzi wapamtima ndi E. Gilels ndi S. Richter, amene luso lawo anayamikira nthaŵi yomweyo. Ojambula apamtima amakumbukira momwe adakondwera ndi oimira dziko lathu, momwe adasangalalira ndi kupambana kwawo kulikonse pa mpikisano womwe umadziwika ndi dzina lake, womwe umawatcha "Russian yanga yaing'ono." Atangotsala pang'ono kumwalira, Long anaitanidwa kukhala mlendo wolemekezeka pa mpikisano wa Tchaikovsky ndipo ndinalota za ulendo womwe ukubwera. Anditumizira ndege yapadera. Ndiyenera kukhala ndi moyo kuti ndiliwone tsiku lino, "adatero ... adasowa miyezi ingapo. Atamwalira, nyuzipepala za ku France zinafalitsa mawu a Svyatoslav Richter akuti: “Marguerite Long wapita. Unyolo wagolide womwe udatilumikiza ndi Debussy ndi Ravel udasweka ... "

Cit.: Khentova S. "Margarita Long". M., 1961.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.