Maria Lukyanovna Bieshu (Maria Biesu) |

Maria Biesu

Maria Biesu… Dzina ili laphimbidwa kale ndi mpweya wa nthano. Kupanga kowala kowoneka bwino, komwe kwachilendo komanso kwachilengedwe, kosavuta komanso kovutirapo, komveka bwino komanso kosamvetsetseka kumaphatikizana modabwitsa ...

Kutchuka kofala, maudindo apamwamba kwambiri ndi mphotho, kupambana kwabwino pamipikisano yapadziko lonse lapansi, kupambana pamasewera a opera ndi makonsati amizinda ikuluikulu padziko lapansi - zonsezi zidabwera kwa woyimba, yemwe amagwira ntchito ku Moldovan State Academic Opera ndi Ballet Theatre.

Zachilengedwe zidapatsa Maria Bieshu zonse zomwe wosewera wamakono amafunikira. Kuwala kosangalatsa komanso kudzaza kwa timbre kumakopa mawu ake. Zimaphatikiza kaundula wapakati wa pachifuwa modabwitsa, momveka bwino "pansi" ndi "nsonga" zonyezimira. Mawu a Bieshu amakopa chidwi cha luso lake loyimba komanso kukongola kwa pulasitiki kwa mzere wake woyimba.

Mawu ake odabwitsa amadziwika nthawi yomweyo. Kaŵirikaŵiri mu kukongola kwake, matayala ake amakhala ndi kufotokoza kwakukulu kosangalatsa.

Kuchita kwa Bieshu kumapumira ndi kutentha kwamtima komanso kufotokoza mwachangu. Nyimbo zobadwa nazo zimalimbikitsa mphatso yochita sewero ya woyimbayo. Chiyambi cha nyimbo nthawi zonse chimakhala choyambirira mu ntchito yake. Imauza Bieshu zinthu zonse zamachitidwe a siteji: tempo-rhythm, pulasitiki, mawonekedwe a nkhope, manja - chifukwa chake, mawu ndi siteji mbali zake zimaphatikizana. Woimbayo amakhutitsidwanso ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana monga Tatiana wodzichepetsa, wolemba ndakatulo ndi Turandot, wankhanza, wankhanza, Gulugufe wofatsa komanso mdzakazi waulemu Leonora (Il Trovatore), Iolanta wosalimba, wokoma komanso wodziyimira pawokha, wonyada Zemfira kuchokera. Aleko, kalonga wa kapolo Aida ndi wamba wamba Kuma wochokera ku The Enchantress, Tosca wochititsa chidwi, wachangu ndi wofatsa Mimi.

Zolemba za Maria Bieshu zikuphatikiza oimba opitilira makumi awiri owala. Kwa zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, tiyeni tiwonjezere Santuzza ku Mascagni's Rural Honor, Desdemona ku Otello ndi Leonora mu Verdi's The Force of Destiny, Natalia mu opera ya T. Khrennikov Kulowa Mkuntho, komanso mbali zotsogola za opera za oimba a Moldavia A. Styrchi, G G. Nyagi, D. Gershfeld.

Chodziwika kwambiri ndi Norma mu opera ya Bellini. Munali mu gawo lalikululi lovuta kwambiri, lomwe limafunikira mtima womvetsa chisoni, wofuna kukwanitsa luso loimba, kuti mbali zonse za umunthu waluso wa woimbayo zinalandira mawu omveka bwino komanso ogwirizana.

Mosakayikira, Maria Biesu ndiye woyamba komanso woimba nyimbo za opera. Ndipo kupambana kwake kwakukulu kuli pa siteji ya opera. Koma ntchito yake ya m'chipinda, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba, kuya kwa kulowa mu chithunzi chajambula, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuwona mtima kwakukulu, chifundo, kukhudzika kwamaganizo ndi ufulu, wapindula kwambiri. Woimbayo ali pafupi ndi malingaliro obisika, omveka bwino achikondi a Tchaikovsky ndi njira zochititsa chidwi za mawu a Rachmaninov, kuzama kwakukulu kwa ma arias akale komanso kukoma kwa nyimbo za oimba a Moldavia. Makanema a Bieshu nthawi zonse amalonjeza zatsopano kapena zomwe sizichitika kawirikawiri. Nyimbo zake zikuphatikizapo Caccini ndi Gretry, Chausson ndi Debussy, R. Strauss ndi Reger, Prokofiev ndi Slonimsky, Paliashvili ndi Arutyunyan, Zagorsky ndi Doga ...

Maria Biesu anabadwira kumwera kwa Moldova m'mudzi wa Volontirovka. Anatengera chikondi chake cha nyimbo kuchokera kwa makolo ake. Ngakhale kusukulu, ndiyeno ku koleji yaulimi, Maria adachita nawo zisudzo zachibwana. Pambuyo pa ndemanga ya Republican ya luso la anthu, oweruza adamutumiza kukaphunzira ku Chisinau State Conservatory.

Ali mwana, Maria anaimba nyimbo zachikale za ku Moldova pamakonsati pa Phwando la Dziko Lachisanu ndi chimodzi la Achinyamata ndi Ophunzira ku Moscow. M'chaka chake chachitatu, adaitanidwa ku Fluerash Folk Music Ensemble. Posakhalitsa soloist wamng'ono anapambana kuzindikira anthu. Zinkawoneka kuti Maria adadzipeza yekha ... Koma adakopeka kale ndi siteji ya opera. Ndipo mu 1961, nditamaliza maphunziro a Conservatory, iye analowa gulu la Moldavian State Opera ndi Ballet Theatre.

Kuyimba koyamba kwa Biesu monga Floria Tosca adawulula luso lapadera la woimbayo. Anatumizidwa kukaphunzira ku Italy, ku La Scala Theatre.

Mu 1966, Bieshu anakhala wopambana wa Third International Tchaikovsky Competition ku Moscow, ndipo mu 1967 ku Tokyo adalandira mphoto yoyamba ndi mphoto ya Golden Cup mu mpikisano woyamba wapadziko lonse chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwa Madame Butterfly.

Dzina la Maria Bieshu likutchuka kwambiri. Mu maudindo a Cio-Cio-san, Aida, Tosca, Liza, Tatiana, iye amaonekera pa siteji ya Warsaw, Belgrade, Sofia, Prague, Leipzig, Helsinki, amachita mbali ya Nedda ku New York pa Metropolitan Opera. Woimbayo amapanga maulendo ataliatali ku Japan, Australia, Cuba, amachita ku Rio de Janeiro, West Berlin, Paris.

…Maiko osiyanasiyana, mizinda, malo owonetsera. Mndandanda wosalekeza wa zisudzo, makonsati, kujambula, kubwerezabwereza. Tsiku lililonse maola ambiri amagwira ntchito pa repertoire. Gulu la mawu ku Moldovan State Conservatory. Gwirani ntchito mu jury la mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi komanso wa All-Union. Ntchito zovuta za wachiwiri kwa Supreme Soviet of the USSR… Uwu ndiwo moyo wa Maria Bieshu, People's Artist wa USSR, wopambana Mphotho ya Lenin, wopambana Mphotho za Boma la USSR ndi Moldavian SSR, wojambula wodabwitsa wachikominisi. , woimba wa zisudzo wamakono.

Nawa ena mwa mayankho ku luso la woyimba waku Moldavian Soviet.

Kukumana ndi Maria Biesu kumatha kutchedwa msonkhano ndi bel canto weniweni. Mawu ake ali ngati mwala wamtengo wapatali m’malo okongola. ("Musical Life", Moscow, 1969)

Tosca yake ndi yabwino. Mawu, osalala komanso okongola m'mabuku onse, kukwanira kwa chithunzicho, nyimbo yokongola komanso nyimbo zapamwamba zimaika Biesha pakati pa oimba amasiku ano padziko lapansi. ("Domestic Voice", Plovdiv, 1970)

Woimbayo adabweretsa nyimbo zapadera komanso, nthawi yomweyo, sewero lamphamvu pakutanthauzira chithunzi cha Madame Butterfly. Zonsezi, pamodzi ndi luso lapamwamba kwambiri la mawu, zimatipatsa mwayi wotcha Maria Biesu soprano wamkulu. ("Politics", Belgrade, 1977)

Woimba wochokera ku Moldova ndi wa ambuye oterowo, omwe angathe kusungidwa bwino ndi gawo lililonse la nyimbo za ku Italy ndi ku Russia. Iye ndi woyimba wapamwamba kwambiri. ("Dee Welt", West Berlin, 1973)

Maria Bieshu ndi wosewera wosangalatsa komanso wokoma yemwe amatha kulembedwa mosangalatsa. Ali ndi mawu okongola kwambiri, okwera bwino. Khalidwe lake ndi machitidwe ake pa siteji ndi abwino kwambiri. (The New York Times, New York, 1971)

Mawu a Abiti Bieshu ndi chida chomwe chimathira kukongola. ("Australian Mandi", 1979)

Source: Maria Bieshu. Chimbale cha zithunzi. Kuphatikiza ndi zolemba za EV Vdovina. – Chisinau: “Timpul”, 1986.

Chithunzi: Maria Bieshu, 1976. Chithunzi kuchokera ku RIA Novosti archive