Kalendala ya nyimbo - Disembala

December m'mbiri ya nyimbo zinadziwika ndi kubadwa kwa oimba otchuka monga Beethoven, Sibelius, Berlioz, Puccini, Sviridov, Shchedrin ndi Kabalevsky, komanso maulendo angapo apamwamba.

Okondedwa a Muses obadwa mu Disembala

8 December 1865 zaka anabadwira m'tauni yaing'ono ya ku Finnish ya Hyamenliana Jean sibelius. Wopeka nyimboyo analemekezedwa kudziko lakwawo ndi ulemu waukulu umene palibe woimba wina aliyense amene anaupeza m’moyo wake. Kuwona mtima kwa nyimbo zake, kuwonetsera kowona kwa khalidwe la anthu ake, kunapangitsa woimbayo kukhala wotchuka kwambiri kupitirira malire a dziko lakwawo. Sibelius nthawi zambiri amatembenukira ku epic ya Finnish, akuluka zolemba za dziko mu nyimbo zake.

11 December 1803 zaka m'tauni ya La Cote-Saint-André pafupi ndi French Grenoble anabadwa Hector Berlioz. Monga wodziphunzitsa yekha, adaphunzira yekha nzeru zonse za sayansi ya nyimbo: abambo ake adamuletsa kuyimba piyano, poopa kuti mwana wake amakonda kwambiri nyimbo. Koma mantha ake anatsimikiziridwa: mwana osati anasankha nyimbo monga ntchito yake, komanso akwaniritsa kuzindikira padziko lonse monga kupeka, innovator, mlengi wa symphony pulogalamu. Ndi ntchito yake, adapereka chilimbikitso ku chitukuko chonse cha njira zachikondi mu nyimbo.

16 December 1770 zaka chochitika chinachitika ku Germany, tanthauzo lake silingathe kuganiziridwa mopambanitsa: mu mzinda wa Bonn, Ludwig van Beethoven. Ngakhale ubwana wake unali wovuta, maola ambiri amakalasi omwe adakonzedwa ndi abambo ake pofuna kuyesa mwana wozizwitsa kuchokera kwa mwana wake, Beethoven sanataye chikondi chake cha nyimbo ndipo adakhala m'modzi mwa akatswiri a Viennese classicism, akugawana mutu uwu ndi akuluakulu. Haydn ndi Mozart. Woyimba wanzeru wa symphonist, wopanduka, mu ntchito yake nthawi zonse ankatsatira lingaliro la chigonjetso cha mphamvu ya mzimu pa mdima ndi chisalungamo. Olemba nyimbo ambiri ankamuona ngati mlangizi wawo, mwa iwo ndi G. Berlioz, I. Brahms, G. Mahler, F. Liszt, S. Prokofiev, A. Schoenberg, D. Shostakovich, ndipo ichi ndi gawo laling'ono chabe la otsatira ake.

Tsiku lomwelo, December 16, koma 1915 mu mzinda wa Fatezh anaonekera Russian wopeka, woyimba piyano ndi wochititsa Georgy Sviridov. Ntchito yake imadziwika ndi kugwirizana kwambiri ndi magwero a anthu, nthawi zonse amadziyika ngati mwana wa dziko lake. Wolembayo anali wodziwa zojambula ndi ndakatulo za ku Russia, ndipo ankasirira talente ya Pushkin. Ntchito yake yonse imadzazidwa ndi chikhumbo chofuna ubwino, chilungamo, mgwirizano wamkati, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, kumvetsetsa masewero a nthawiyo, zochitika.

Tsiku la 16 December lidadziwika ndi kubadwa kwa wolemba wina wotchuka. December 16, 1932 anabwera ku dziko Rodion Shchedrin. Nyimbo zazungulira woyimba tsogolo kuyambira ali mwana, popeza bambo ake anali katswiri wanyimbo. Zaka zaunyamata zinagwirizana ndi tsoka lalikulu la anthu a Soviet, ndipo mnyamatayo adayesa kangapo kuthawira kutsogolo. M'tsogolomu, zowawa zochokera kuzochitikazo zinasinthidwa kukhala chilengedwe cha ntchito zingapo zofunika za maphunziro ankhondo. Njira yake monga wopeka ndiyo kuthetsa tsankho, kusamvetsetsana, komanso kusamvetsetsana kwa omvera. Iye nthawi zonse anali ndi maganizo ake, ankakhulupirira kuti munthu ayenera kukhala ndi moyo ndi kulenga chifukwa cha tsogolo, ubwino wa mbadwa.

22 December 1858 zaka anabwera ku dziko Giacomo puccini, katswiri wamkulu wa zisudzo zaku Italy. Otsutsa sanagwirizane poyesa ntchito yake. Ena ankatcha nyimbo zake kuti ndi shuga, zopepuka, zosayenerera kutenga malo pakati pa akatswiri oimba padziko lonse lapansi. Ena ankamuona kuti ndi wamwano komanso “wokonda kukhetsa magazi”. Ndipo anthu okhawo ankasilira luso lake. Nthawi yayika chilichonse m'malo mwake ndipo masiku ano masewera a Puccini amapezeka nthawi zonse pamndandanda wanyumba zonse za opera padziko lapansi.

30 December 1904 zaka anabadwa Wotchedwa Dmitry Kabalevsky, wopeka nyimbo, mphunzitsi wamkulu wanyimbo, mphunzitsi waluso, wodziwika bwino pagulu. Anapanga pafupifupi mitundu yonse, ndikukonda mitu yachinyamata. Iye anakopa anthu mwa njira zonse ku mavuto a zokongoletsa maphunziro a ana ndi unyamata ndipo analenga lingaliro lonse la maphunziro nyimbo, amene anapanga maziko a sukulu nyimbo maphunziro.

Zoyamba zomwe zidapangitsa kuti anthu azilankhula za iwo eni

Pa December 9, ndi kusiyana kwa zaka 6 ndendende, zochitika ziwiri zinachitika, zomwe zinasintha kwambiri mbiri ya nyimbo za Russia. Mu 1836, pa Mariinsky Theatre, chiwonetsero cha 1st national opera "A Life for the Tsar" ndi Mikhail Glinka. Ndipo mu 1842, pa tsiku lomwelo, pa siteji yomweyo, mbuye wachiwiri wa Opera, Ruslan ndi Lyudmila.

Pambuyo pa sewero loyamba la sewero loyamba, Emperor Nicholas Woyamba adapatsa Glinka mphete yake ya diamondi ngati chizindikiro cha chivomerezo chake chachikulu. The original mutu wa opera "Ivan Susanin" anakhalabe pafupifupi mpaka kuyamba, koma anasintha "Moyo kwa Tsar" pa pempho la wopeka ndi chilolezo cha mutu wa boma. Pambuyo pake, dzinalo linabwezedwa, popeza Baibulo lachiwiri silinagwirizane ndi mzimu wa dziko laling'ono la Soviet, ndipo kunali kosatheka kuyika opera pa magawo a opera a USSR.

Nyimbo yoyamba ya Bayan kuchokera ku opera "Ruslan ndi Lyudmila" yolemba MI Glinka

Kuyamba kwa "Ruslan" sikunali kosangalatsa kwambiri. Pofika pachisanu, banja lachifumu linali litasiya bokosilo, ndipo khoti linatsatira. Pamapeto pake, omvera sanawombe m'manja mogwirizana, monga momwe wolembayo adanenera. Komabe, seweroli lidachita zisudzo 32 m'nyengo yake yoyamba. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, zomwe zidachitika ku Paris, seweroli lidaseweredwa nthawi yomweyo.

Mu Disembala, kale mu 1892, panali chiwonetsero china chofunikira. Pa 18, Pyotr Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker inaperekedwa kwa anthu kwa nthawi yoyamba pa siteji ya Mariinsky Theatre. Ntchito pa chilengedwe cha mbambande imeneyi inachitika mogwirizana ndi choreographer wotchuka Marius Petipa, amene anapereka woimbidwayo malangizo mwatsatanetsatane za chikhalidwe cha nyimbo. Kutsutsidwa kunali kosakanikirana, koma mpaka lero ballet ndiyo yomwe anthu amafuna kwambiri kuchita.

Nyimbo yachiwiri ya Bayan kuchokera ku opera "Ruslan ndi Lyudmila" yolemba MI Glinka

Wolemba - Victoria Denisova